Revision 0:8a460b0d6f09, committed 2012-08-15

Comitter:

cdonate

Date:

Wed Aug 15 22:17:07 2012 +0000

Commit message:

Kalman Filter fusing input from the Accelerometer and Gyroscope to output PITCH and ROLL.

Changed in this revision

diff -r 000000000000 -r 8a460b0d6f09 kalman.c
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/kalman.c	Wed Aug 15 22:17:07 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#include "kalman.h" 
+
+/*********************************************************************  
+ The implememted kalman filter estimates the angle that will be used 
+ on the PID controller alogrithm. The filter consists of two states 
+ [angle, gyro_bais].
+ *********************************************************************/ 
+ 
+/******************************************************************** 
+*    Function Name:  kalman_init                                    * 
+*    Return Value:   none                                           * 
+*    Parameters:     struct filter, dt, R_angle, Q_gyro, Q_angle    * 
+*    Description:    Initialize the kalman Filter parameters.       * 
+********************************************************************/  
+
+void kalman_init(kalman *filter, double R_angle, double Q_gyro, double Q_angle) // double dt,
+{ 
+    // Initialize the two states, the angle and the gyro bias. As a 
+    // byproduct of computing the angle, we also have an unbiased 
+    // angular rate available. 
+    filter->x_bias = 0.0; 
+    filter->x_rate = 0.0; 
+    filter->x_angle = 0.0; 
+ 
+ 
+    // Initialize the delta in seconds between gyro samples. 
+    //filter->dt = dt; 
+ 
+    // Initialize the measurement noise covariance matrix values. 
+    // In this case, R is a 1x1 matrix tha represents expected 
+    // jitter from the accelerometer. 
+    filter->R_angle = R_angle; 
+ 
+    // Initialize the process noise covariance matrix values. 
+    // In this case, Q indicates how much we trust the acceleromter 
+    // relative to the gyros. 
+    // Q_gyro set to 0.003 and Q_angle set to 0.001. 
+    
+    filter->Q_gyro = Q_gyro; 
+    filter->Q_angle = Q_angle; 
+ 
+    // Initialize covariance of estimate state.  This is updated 
+    // at every time step to determine how well the sensors are 
+    // tracking the actual state. 
+    
+    filter->P_00 = 1.0; 
+    filter->P_01 = 0.0; 
+    filter->P_10 = 0.0; 
+    filter->P_11 = 1.0; 
+} 
+
+/******************************************************************** 
+*    Function Name:  kalman_predict                            * 
+*    Return Value:   none                                           * 
+*    Parameters:     struct filter, measured gyroscope value        * 
+*    Description:    Called every dt(Timer 1 overflow with a biased * 
+*                    gyro. Also updates the current rate and angle  * 
+*                    estimate).                                     * 
+********************************************************************/  
+void kalman_predict(kalman *filter, double dot_angle,  double dt) 
+{ 
+    // Static so these are kept off the stack. 
+    static double gyro_rate_unbiased; 
+    static double Pdot_00; 
+    static double Pdot_01; 
+    static double Pdot_10; 
+    static double Pdot_11;
+    
+    // Unbias our gyro. 
+    gyro_rate_unbiased= dot_angle - filter->x_bias; 
+ 
+    // Store our unbiased gyro estimate. 
+    filter->x_rate= gyro_rate_unbiased; 
+     
+    // Update the angle estimate. 
+    filter->x_angle= filter->x_angle + (dot_angle - filter->x_bias)*dt; 
+ 
+    // Compute the derivative of the covariance matrix 
+    // Pdot = A*P + P*A' + Q 
+    Pdot_00 = filter->Q_angle - filter->P_01 - filter->P_10; 
+    Pdot_01 = -filter->P_11; 
+    Pdot_10 = -filter->P_11; 
+    Pdot_11 = filter->Q_gyro; 
+ 
+    // Update the covariance matrix. 
+    filter->P_00 += Pdot_00 * dt; 
+    filter->P_01 += Pdot_01 * dt; 
+    filter->P_10 += Pdot_10 * dt; 
+    filter->P_11 += Pdot_11 * dt;
+}
+/********************************************************************* 
+*    Function Name:  kalman_update                                   * 
+*    Return Value:   none                                            * 
+*    Parameters:     struct filter, measured angle value             *
+*    Description:    Called when a new accelerometer angle           * 
+*                    measurement is available. Updates the estimated * 
+*                    angle that will be used.                        * 
+*********************************************************************/
+void kalman_update(kalman *filter, double angle_measured)
+{
+    // Static so these are kept off the stack. 
+    static double y;
+    static double S;
+    static double K_0;
+    static double K_1;
+    
+    // Compute the error in the estimate. 
+    // Innovation or Measurement Residual 
+    // y = z - Hx 
+    y= angle_measured - filter->x_angle; 
+ 
+    // Compute the error estimate. 
+    // S = C P C' + R 
+    S = filter->R_angle + filter->P_00; 
+ 
+    // Compute the kalman filter gains. 
+    // K = P C' inv(S) 
+     K_0 = filter->P_00 / S; 
+     K_1 = filter->P_10 / S; 
+ 
+    // Update covariance matrix. 
+    // P = P - K C P 
+    filter->P_00 -= K_0 * filter->P_00; 
+    filter->P_01 -= K_0 * filter->P_01; 
+    filter->P_10 -= K_1 * filter->P_00; 
+    filter->P_11 -= K_1 * filter->P_01; 
+   
+    // Update the state (new)estimates (Correct the prediction of the state). 
+    // Also adjust the bias on the gyro at every iteration. 
+    // x = x + K * y 
+    filter->x_angle = filter->x_angle + K_0 * y; 
+    filter->x_bias = filter->x_bias + K_1 * y;  
+     
+}
\ No newline at end of file

diff -r 000000000000 -r 8a460b0d6f09 kalman.h
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/kalman.h	Wed Aug 15 22:17:07 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#ifndef KALMAN_H 
+#define KALMAN_H
+
+#define R_matrix          0.590 
+#define Q_Gyro_matrix     0.002 
+#define Q_Accel_matrix    0.001
+ 
+typedef struct 
+{ 
+    // Two states, angle and gyro bias. Unbiased angular rate is a byproduct. 
+    double x_bias;
+    double x_rate; 
+    double x_angle; 
+ 
+    // Covariance of estimation error matrix. 
+    double P_00; 
+    double P_01; 
+    double P_10; 
+    double P_11; 
+ 
+    // State constants. 
+    //double dt; 
+    double R_angle; 
+    double Q_gyro; 
+    double Q_angle; 
+     
+} kalman; 
+ 
+ 
+void kalman_init(kalman *filter, double R_angle, double Q_gyro, double Q_angle); 
+void kalman_predict(kalman *filter, double dot_angle,  double dt); 
+void kalman_update(kalman *filter, double angle_measured); 
+ 
+// Get the bias. 
+double kalman_get_bias(kalman *filter) 
+{ 
+    return filter->x_bias; 
+} 
+// Get the rate. 
+double kalman_get_rate(kalman *filter) 
+{ 
+    return filter->x_rate; 
+} 
+// Get the angle. 
+double kalman_get_angle(kalman *filter) 
+{ 
+    return filter->x_angle; 
+} 
+ 
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file