An input/output controller for virtual pinball machines, with plunger position tracking, accelerometer-based nudge sensing, button input encoding, and feedback device control.

Dependencies:   USBDevice mbed FastAnalogIn FastIO FastPWM SimpleDMA

/media/uploads/mjr/pinscape_no_background_small_L7Miwr6.jpg

The Pinscape Controller is a special-purpose software project that I wrote for my virtual pinball machine.

New version: V2 is now available! The information below is for version 1, which will continue to be available for people who prefer the original setup.

What exactly is a virtual pinball machine? It's basically a video-game pinball emulator built to look like a real pinball machine. (The picture at right is the one I built.) You start with a standard pinball cabinet, either built from scratch or salvaged from a real machine. Inside, you install a PC motherboard to run the software, and install TVs in place of the playfield and backglass. Several Windows pinball programs can take advantage of this setup, including the open-source project Visual Pinball, which has hundreds of tables available. Building one of these makes a great DIY project, and it's a good way to add to your skills at woodworking, computers, and electronics. Check out the Cabinet Builders' Forum on vpforums.org for lots of examples and advice.

This controller project is a key piece in my setup that helps integrate the video game into the pinball cabinet. It handles several input/output tasks that are unique to virtual pinball machines. First, it lets you connect a mechanical plunger to the software, so you can launch the ball like on a real machine. Second, it sends "nudge" data to the software, based on readings from an accelerometer. This lets you interact with the game physically, which makes the playing experience more realistic and immersive. Third, the software can handle button input (for wiring flipper buttons and other cabinet buttons), and fourth, it can control output devices (for tactile feedback, button lights, flashers, and other special effects).

Documentation

The Hardware Build Guide (PDF) has detailed instructions on how to set up a Pinscape Controller for your own virtual pinball cabinet.

Update notes

December 2015 version: This version fully supports the new Expansion Board project, but it'll also run without it. The default configuration settings haven't changed, so existing setups should continue to work as before.

August 2015 version: Be sure to get the latest version of the Config Tool for windows if you're upgrading from an older version of the firmware. This update adds support for TSL1412R sensors (a version of the 1410 sensor with a slightly larger pixel array), and a config option to set the mounting orientation of the board in the firmware rather than in VP (for better support for FP and other pinball programs that don't have VP's flexibility for setting the rotation).

Feb/March 2015 software versions: If you have a CCD plunger that you've been using with the older versions, and the plunger stops working (or doesn't work as well) after you update to the latest version, you might need to increase the brightness of your light source slightly. Check the CCD exposure with the Windows config tool to see if it looks too dark. The new software reads the CCD much more quickly than the old versions did. This makes the "shutter speed" faster, which might require a little more light to get the same readings. The CCD is actually really tolerant of varying light levels, so you probably won't have to change anything for the update - I didn't. But if you do have any trouble, have a look at the exposure meter and try a slightly brighter light source if the exposure looks too dark.

Downloads

  • Config tool for Windows (.exe and C# source): this is a Windows program that lets you view the raw pixel data from the CCD sensor, trigger plunger calibration mode, and configure some of the software options on the controller.
  • Custom VP builds: I created modified versions of Visual Pinball 9.9 and Physmod5 that you might want to use in combination with this controller. The modified versions have special handling for plunger calibration specific to the Pinscape Controller, as well as some enhancements to the nudge physics. If you're not using the plunger, you might still want it for the nudge improvements. The modified version also works with any other input controller, so you can get the enhanced nudging effects even if you're using a different plunger/nudge kit. The big change in the modified versions is a "filter" for accelerometer input that's designed to make the response to cabinet nudges more realistic. It also makes the response more subdued than in the standard VP, so it's not to everyone's taste. The downloads include both the updated executables and the source code changes, in case you want to merge the changes into your own custom version(s).

    Note! These features are now standard in the official VP 9.9.1 and VP 10 releases, so you don't need my custom builds if you're using 9.9.1 or 10 or later. I don't think there's any reason to use my 9.9 instead of the official 9.9.1, but I'm leaving it here just in case. In the official VP releases, look for the checkbox "Enable Nudge Filter" in the Keys preferences dialog. (There's no checkbox in my custom builds, though; the filter is simply always on in those.)
  • Output circuit shopping list: This is a saved shopping cart at mouser.com with the parts needed for each output driver, if you want to use the LedWiz emulator feature. Note that quantities in the cart are for one output channel, so multiply everything by the number of channels you plan to use, except that you only need one of the ULN2803 transistor array chips for each eight output circuits.
  • Lemming77's potentiometer mounting bracket and shooter rod connecter: Sketchup designs for 3D-printable parts for mounting a slide potentiometer as the plunger sensor. These were designed for a particular slide potentiometer that used to be available from an Aliexpress.com seller but is no longer listed. You can probably use this design as a starting point for other similar devices; just check the dimensions before committing the design to plastic.

Features

  • Plunger position sensing, using a TAOS TSL 1410R CCD linear array sensor. This sensor is a 1280 x 1 pixel array at 400 dpi, which makes it about 3" long - almost exactly the travel distance of a standard pinball plunger. The idea is that you install the sensor just above (within a few mm of) the shooter rod on the inside of the cabinet, with the CCD window facing down, aligned with and centered on the long axis of the shooter rod, and positioned so that the rest position of the tip is about 1/2" from one end of the window. As you pull back the plunger, the tip will travel down the length of the window, and the maximum retraction point will put the tip just about at the far end of the window. Put a light source below, facing the sensor - I'm using two typical 20 mA blue LEDs about 8" away (near the floor of the cabinet) with good results. The principle of operation is that the shooter rod casts a shadow on the CCD, so pixels behind the rod will register lower brightness than pixels that aren't in the shadow. We scan down the length of the sensor for the edge between darker and brighter, and this tells us how far back the rod has been pulled. We can read the CCD at about 25-30 ms intervals, so we can get rapid updates. We pass the readings reports to VP via our USB joystick reports.

    The hardware build guide includes schematics showing how to wire the CCD to the KL25Z. It's pretty straightforward - five wires between the two devices, no external components needed. Two GPIO ports are used as outputs to send signals to the device and one is used as an ADC in to read the pixel brightness inputs. The config tool has a feature that lets you display the raw pixel readings across the array, so you can test that the CCD is working and adjust the light source to get the right exposure level.

    Alternatively, you can use a slide potentiometer as the plunger sensor. This is a cheaper and somewhat simpler option that seems to work quite nicely, as you can see in Lemming77's video of this setup in action. This option is also explained more fully in the build guide.
  • Nudge sensing via the KL25Z's on-board accelerometer. Mounting the board in your cabinet makes it feel the same accelerations the cabinet experiences when you nudge it. Visual Pinball already knows how to interpret accelerometer input as nudging, so we simply feed the acceleration readings to VP via the joystick interface.
  • Cabinet button wiring. Up to 24 pushbuttons and switches can be wired to the controller for input controls (for example, flipper buttons, the Start button, the tilt bob, coin slot switches, and service door buttons). These appear to Windows as joystick buttons. VP can map joystick buttons to pinball inputs via its keyboard preferences dialog. (You can raise the 24-button limit by editing the source code, but since all of the GPIO pins are allocated, you'll have to reassign pins currently used for other functions.)
  • LedWiz emulation (limited). In addition to emulating a joystick, the device emulates the LedWiz USB interface, so controllers on the PC side such as DirectOutput Framework can recognize it and send it commands to control lights, solenoids, and other feedback devices. 22 GPIO ports are assigned by default as feedback device outputs. This feature has some limitations. The big one is that the KL25Z hardware only has 10 PWM channels, which isn't enough for a fully decked-out cabinet. You also need to build some external power driver circuitry to use this feature, because of the paltry 4mA output capacity of the KL25Z GPIO ports. The build guide includes instructions for a simple and robust output circuit, including part numbers for the exact components you need. It's not hard if you know your way around a soldering iron, but just be aware that it'll take a little work.

Warning: This is not replacement software for the VirtuaPin plunger kit. If you bought the VirtuaPin kit, please don't try to install this software. The VP kit happens to use the same microcontroller board, but the rest of its hardware is incompatible. The VP kit uses a different type of sensor for its plunger and has completely different button wiring, so the Pinscape software won't work properly with it.

Committer:
mjr
Date:
Tue Aug 26 22:24:54 2014 +0000
Revision:
11:bd9da7088e6e
Parent:
10:976666ffa4ef
Child:
12:669df364a565
Button inputs added

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1 /* Copyright 2014 M J Roberts, MIT License
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 2 *
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 3 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 4 * and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 5 * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 6 * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 7 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 8 *
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 9 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 10 * substantial portions of the Software.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 11 *
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 12 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 13 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 14 * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 15 * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 16 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 17 */
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 18
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 19 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 20 // Pinscape Controller
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 21 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 22 // "Pinscape" is the name of my custom-built virtual pinball cabinet. I wrote this
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 23 // software to perform a number of tasks that I needed for my cabinet. It runs on a
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 24 // Freescale KL25Z microcontroller, which is a small and inexpensive device that
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 25 // attaches to the host PC via USB and can interface with numerous types of external
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 26 // hardware.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 27 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 28 // I designed the software and hardware in this project especially for Pinscape, but
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 29 // it uses standard interfaces in Windows and Visual Pinball, so it should be
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 30 // readily usable in anyone else's VP-based cabinet. I've tried to document the
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 31 // hardware in enough detail for anyone else to duplicate the entire project, and
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 32 // the full software is open source.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 33 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 34 // The device appears to the host computer as a USB joystick. This works with the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 35 // standard Windows joystick device drivers, so there's no need to install any
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 36 // software on the PC - Windows should recognize it as a joystick when you plug
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 37 // it in and shouldn't ask you to install anything. If you bring up the control
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 38 // panel for USB Game Controllers, this device will appear as "Pinscape Controller".
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 39 // *Don't* do any calibration with the Windows control panel or third-part
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 40 // calibration tools. The device calibrates itself automatically for the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 41 // accelerometer data, and has its own special calibration procedure for the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 42 // plunger (see below).
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 43 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 44 // The controller provides the following functions. It should be possible to use
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 45 // any subet of the features without using all of them. External hardware for any
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 46 // particular function can simply be omitted if that feature isn't needed.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 47 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 48 // - Nudge sensing via the KL25Z's on-board accelerometer. Nudge accelerations are
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 49 // processed into a physics model of a rolling ball, and changes to the ball's
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 50 // motion are sent to the host computer via the joystick interface. This is designed
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 51 // especially to work with Visuall Pinball's nudge handling to produce realistic
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 52 // on-screen results in VP. By doing some physics modeling right on the device,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 53 // rather than sending raw accelerometer data to VP, we can produce better results
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 54 // using our awareness of the real physical parameters of a pinball cabinet.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 55 // VP's nudge handling has to be more generic, so it can't make the same sorts
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 56 // of assumptions that we can about the dynamics of a real cabinet.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 57 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 58 // The nudge data reports are compatible with the built-in Windows USB joystick
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 59 // drivers and with VP's own joystick input scheme, so the nudge sensing is almost
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 60 // plug-and-play. There are no Windiows drivers to install, and the only VP work
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 61 // needed is to customize a few global preference settings.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 62 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 63 // - Plunger position sensing via an attached TAOS TSL 1410R CCD linear array sensor.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 64 // The sensor must be wired to a particular set of I/O ports on the KL25Z, and must
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 65 // be positioned adjacent to the plunger with proper lighting. The physical and
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 66 // electronic installation details are desribed in the project documentation. We read
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 67 // the CCD to determine how far back the plunger is pulled, and report this to Visual
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 68 // Pinball via the joystick interface. As with the nudge data, this is all nearly
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 69 // plug-and-play, in that it works with the default Windows USB drivers and works
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 70 // with the existing VP handling for analog plunger input. A few VP settings are
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 71 // needed to tell VP to allow the plunger.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 72 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 73 // For best results, the plunger sensor should be calibrated. The calibration
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 74 // is stored in non-volatile memory on board the KL25Z, so it's only necessary
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 75 // to do the calibration once, when you first install everything. (You might
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 76 // also want to re-calibrate if you physically remove and reinstall the CCD
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 77 // sensor or the mechanical plunger, since their alignment might change slightly
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 78 // when you put everything back together.) To calibrate, you have to attach a
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 79 // momentary switch (e.g., a push-button switch) between one of the KL25Z ground
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 80 // pins (e.g., jumper J9 pin 12) and PTE29 (J10 pin 9). Press and hold the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 81 // button for about two seconds - the LED on the KL25Z wlil flash blue while
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 82 // you hold the button, and will turn solid blue when you've held it down long
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 83 // enough to enter calibration mode. This mode will last about 15 seconds.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 84 // Simply pull the plunger all the way back, hold it for a few moments, and
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 85 // gradually return it to the starting position. *Don't* release it - we want
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 86 // to measure the maximum retracted position and the rest position, but NOT
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 87 // the maximum forward position when the outer barrel spring is compressed.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 88 // After about 15 seconds, the device will save the new calibration settings
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 89 // to its flash memory, and the LED will return to the regular "heartbeat"
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 90 // flashes. If this is the first time you calibrated, you should observe the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 91 // color of the flashes change from yellow/green to blue/green to indicate
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 92 // that the plunger has been calibrated.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 93 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 94 // Note that while Visual Pinball itself has good native support for analog
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 95 // plungers, most of the VP tables in circulation don't implement the necessary
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 96 // scripting features to make this work properly. Therefore, you'll have to do
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 97 // a little scripting work for each table you download to add the required code
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 98 // to that individual table. The work has to be customized for each table, so
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 99 // I haven't been able to automate this process, but I have tried to reduce it
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 100 // to a relatively simple recipe that I've documented separately.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 101 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 102 // - In addition to the CCD sensor, a button should be attached (also described in
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 103 // the project documentation) to activate calibration mode for the plunger. When
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 104 // calibration mode is activated, the software reads the plunger position for about
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 105 // 10 seconds when to note the limits of travel, and uses these limits to ensure
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 106 // accurate reports to VP that properly report the actual position of the physical
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 107 // plunger. The calibration is stored in non-volatile memory on the KL25Z, so it's
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 108 // only necessary to calibrate once - the calibration will survive power cycling
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 109 // and reboots of the PC. It's only necessary to recalibrate if the CCD sensor or
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 110 // the plunger are removed and reinstalled, since the relative alignment of the
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 111 // parts could cahnge slightly when reinstalling.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 112 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 113 // - LedWiz emulation. The KL25Z can appear to the PC as an LedWiz device, and will
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 114 // accept and process LedWiz commands from the host. The software can turn digital
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 115 // output ports on and off, and can set varying PWM intensitiy levels on a subset
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 116 // of ports. (The KL25Z can only provide 6 PWM ports. Intensity level settings on
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 117 // other ports is ignored, so non-PWM ports can only be used for simple on/off
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 118 // devices such as contactors and solenoids.) The KL25Z can only supply 4mA on its
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 119 // output ports, so external hardware is required to take advantage of the LedWiz
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 120 // emulation. Many different hardware designs are possible, but there's a simple
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 121 // reference design in the documentation that uses a Darlington array IC to
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 122 // increase the output from each port to 500mA (the same level as the LedWiz),
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 123 // plus an extended design that adds an optocoupler and MOSFET to provide very
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 124 // high power handling, up to about 45A or 150W, with voltages up to 100V.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 125 // That will handle just about any DC device directly (wtihout relays or other
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 126 // amplifiers), and switches fast enough to support PWM devices.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 127 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 128 // The device can report any desired LedWiz unit number to the host, which makes
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 129 // it possible to use the LedWiz emulation on a machine that also has one or more
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 130 // actual LedWiz devices intalled. The LedWiz design allows for up to 16 units
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 131 // to be installed in one machine - each one is invidually addressable by its
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 132 // distinct unit number.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 133 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 134 // The LedWiz emulation features are of course optional. There's no need to
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 135 // build any of the external port hardware (or attach anything to the output
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 136 // ports at all) if the LedWiz features aren't needed. Most people won't have
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 137 // any use for the LedWiz features. I built them mostly as a learning exercise,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 138 // but with a slight practical need for a handful of extra ports (I'm using the
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 139 // cutting-edge 10-contactor setup, so my real LedWiz is full!).
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 140 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 141 // The on-board LED on the KL25Z flashes to indicate the current device status:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 142 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 143 // two short red flashes = the device is powered but hasn't successfully
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 144 // connected to the host via USB (either it's not physically connected
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 145 // to the USB port, or there was a problem with the software handshake
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 146 // with the USB device driver on the computer)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 147 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 148 // short red flash = the host computer is in sleep/suspend mode
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 149 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 150 // long red/green = the LedWiz unti number has been changed, so a reset
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 151 // is needed. You can simply unplug the device and plug it back in,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 152 // or presss and hold the reset button on the device for a few seconds.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 153 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 154 // long yellow/green = everything's working, but the plunger hasn't
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 155 // been calibrated; follow the calibration procedure described above.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 156 // This flash mode won't appear if the CCD has been disabled. Note
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 157 // that the device can't tell whether a CCD is physically attached,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 158 // so you should use the config command to disable the CCD software
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 159 // features if you won't be attaching a CCD.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 160 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 161 // alternating blue/green = everything's working
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 162 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 163 // Software configuration: you can change option settings by sending special
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 164 // USB commands from the PC. I've provided a Windows program for this purpose;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 165 // refer to the documentation for details. For reference, here's the format
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 166 // of the USB command for option changes:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 167 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 168 // length of report = 8 bytes
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 169 // byte 0 = 65 (0x41)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 170 // byte 1 = 1 (0x01)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 171 // byte 2 = new LedWiz unit number, 0x01 to 0x0f
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 172 // byte 3 = feature enable bit mask:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 173 // 0x01 = enable CCD (default = on)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 174 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 175 // Plunger calibration mode: the host can activate plunger calibration mode
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 176 // by sending this packet. This has the same effect as pressing and holding
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 177 // the plunger calibration button for two seconds, to allow activating this
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 178 // mode without attaching a physical button.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 179 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 180 // length = 8 bytes
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 181 // byte 0 = 65 (0x41)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 182 // byte 1 = 2 (0x02)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 183 //
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 184 // Exposure reports: the host can request a report of the full set of pixel
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 185 // values for the next frame by sending this special packet:
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 186 //
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 187 // length = 8 bytes
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 188 // byte 0 = 65 (0x41)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 189 // byte 1 = 3 (0x03)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 190 //
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 191 // We'll respond with a series of special reports giving the exposure status.
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 192 // Each report has the following structure:
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 193 //
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 194 // bytes 0:1 = 11-bit index, with high 5 bits set to 10000. For
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 195 // example, 0x04 0x80 indicates index 4. This is the
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 196 // starting pixel number in the report. The first report
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 197 // will be 0x00 0x80 to indicate pixel #0.
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 198 // bytes 2:3 = 16-bit unsigned int brightness level of pixel at index
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 199 // bytes 4:5 = brightness of pixel at index+1
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 200 // etc for the rest of the packet
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 201 //
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 202 // This still has the form of a joystick packet at the USB level, but
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 203 // can be differentiated by the host via the status bits. It would have
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 204 // been cleaner to use a different Report ID at the USB level, but this
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 205 // would have necessitated a different container structure in the report
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 206 // descriptor, which would have broken LedWiz compatibility. Given that
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 207 // constraint, we have to re-use the joystick report type, making for
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 208 // this somewhat kludgey approach.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 209
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 210 #include "mbed.h"
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 211 #include "math.h"
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 212 #include "USBJoystick.h"
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 213 #include "MMA8451Q.h"
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 214 #include "tsl1410r.h"
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 215 #include "FreescaleIAP.h"
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 216 #include "crc32.h"
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 217
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 218
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 219 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 220 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 221 // Configuration details
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 222 //
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 223
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 224 // Our USB device vendor ID, product ID, and version.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 225 // We use the vendor ID for the LedWiz, so that the PC-side software can
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 226 // identify us as capable of performing LedWiz commands. The LedWiz uses
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 227 // a product ID value from 0xF0 to 0xFF; the last four bits identify the
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 228 // unit number (e.g., product ID 0xF7 means unit #7). This allows multiple
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 229 // LedWiz units to be installed in a single PC; the software on the PC side
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 230 // uses the unit number to route commands to the devices attached to each
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 231 // unit. On the real LedWiz, the unit number must be set in the firmware
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 232 // at the factory; it's not configurable by the end user. Most LedWiz's
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 233 // ship with the unit number set to 0, but the vendor will set different
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 234 // unit numbers if requested at the time of purchase. So if you have a
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 235 // single LedWiz already installed in your cabinet, and you didn't ask for
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 236 // a non-default unit number, your existing LedWiz will be unit 0.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 237 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 238 // We use unit #7 by default. There doesn't seem to be a requirement that
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 239 // unit numbers be contiguous (DirectOutput Framework and other software
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 240 // seem happy to have units 0 and 7 installed, without 1-6 existing).
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 241 // Marking this unit as #7 should work for almost everybody out of the box;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 242 // the most common case seems to be to have a single LedWiz installed, and
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 243 // it's probably extremely rare to more than two.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 244 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 245 // Note that the USB_PRODUCT_ID value set here omits the unit number. We
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 246 // take the unit number from the saved configuration. We provide a
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 247 // configuration command that can be sent via the USB connection to change
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 248 // the unit number, so that users can select the unit number without having
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 249 // to install a different version of the software. We'll combine the base
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 250 // product ID here with the unit number to get the actual product ID that
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 251 // we send to the USB controller.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 252 const uint16_t USB_VENDOR_ID = 0xFAFA;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 253 const uint16_t USB_PRODUCT_ID = 0x00F0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 254 const uint16_t USB_VERSION_NO = 0x0006;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 255 const uint8_t DEFAULT_LEDWIZ_UNIT_NUMBER = 0x07;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 256
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 257 // Number of pixels we read from the sensor on each frame. This can be
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 258 // less than the physical pixel count if desired; we'll read every nth
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 259 // piexl if so. E.g., with a 1280-pixel physical sensor, if npix is 320,
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 260 // we'll read every 4th pixel. It takes time to read each pixel, so the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 261 // fewer pixels we read, the higher the refresh rate we can achieve.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 262 // It's therefore better not to read more pixels than we have to.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 263 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 264 // VP seems to have an internal resolution in the 8-bit range, so there's
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 265 // no apparent benefit to reading more than 128-256 pixels when using VP.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 266 // Empirically, 160 pixels seems about right. The overall travel of a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 267 // standard pinball plunger is about 3", so 160 pixels gives us resolution
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 268 // of about 1/50". This seems to take full advantage of VP's modeling
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 269 // ability, and is probably also more precise than a human player's
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 270 // perception of the plunger position.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 271 const int npix = 160;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 272
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 273 // On-board RGB LED elements - we use these for diagnostic displays.
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 274 DigitalOut ledR(LED1), ledG(LED2), ledB(LED3);
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 275
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 276 // calibration button - switch input and LED output
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 277 DigitalIn calBtn(PTE29);
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 278 DigitalOut calBtnLed(PTE23);
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 279
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 280 // Joystick button input pin assignments. You can wire up to
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 281 // 32 GPIO ports to buttons (equipped with momentary switches).
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 282 // Connect each switch between the desired GPIO port and ground
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 283 // (J9 pin 12 or 14). When the button is pressed, we'll tell the
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 284 // host PC that the corresponding joystick button as pressed. We
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 285 // debounce the keystrokes in software, so you can simply wire
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 286 // directly to pushbuttons with no additional external hardware.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 287 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 288 // Note that we assign 24 buttons by default, even though the USB
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 289 // joystick interface can handle up to 32 buttons. VP itself only
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 290 // allows mapping of up to 24 buttons in the preferences dialog
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 291 // (although it can recognize 32 buttons internally). If you want
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 292 // more buttons, you can reassign pins that are assigned by default
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 293 // as LedWiz outputs. To reassign a pin, find the pin you wish to
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 294 // reassign in the LedWizPortMap array below, and change the pin name
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 295 // there to NC (for Not Connected). You can then change one of the
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 296 // "NC" entries below to the reallocated pin name. The limit is 32
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 297 // buttons total.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 298 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 299 // Note: PTD1 (pin J2-12) should NOT be assigned as a button input,
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 300 // as this pin is physically connected on the KL25Z to the on-board
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 301 // indicator LED's blue segment. This precludes any other use of
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 302 // the pin.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 303 PinName buttonMap[] = {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 304 PTC2, // J10 pin 10, joystick button 1
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 305 PTB3, // J10 pin 8, joystick button 2
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 306 PTB2, // J10 pin 6, joystick button 3
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 307 PTB1, // J10 pin 4, joystick button 4
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 308
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 309 PTE30, // J10 pin 11, joystick button 5
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 310 PTE22, // J10 pin 5, joystick button 6
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 311
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 312 PTE5, // J9 pin 15, joystick button 7
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 313 PTE4, // J9 pin 13, joystick button 8
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 314 PTE3, // J9 pin 11, joystick button 9
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 315 PTE2, // J9 pin 9, joystick button 10
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 316 PTB11, // J9 pin 7, joystick button 11
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 317 PTB10, // J9 pin 5, joystick button 12
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 318 PTB9, // J9 pin 3, joystick button 13
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 319 PTB8, // J9 pin 1, joystick button 14
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 320
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 321 PTC12, // J2 pin 1, joystick button 15
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 322 PTC13, // J2 pin 3, joystick button 16
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 323 PTC16, // J2 pin 5, joystick button 17
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 324 PTC17, // J2 pin 7, joystick button 18
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 325 PTA16, // J2 pin 9, joystick button 19
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 326 PTA17, // J2 pin 11, joystick button 20
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 327 PTE31, // J2 pin 13, joystick button 21
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 328 PTD6, // J2 pin 17, joystick button 22
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 329 PTD7, // J2 pin 19, joystick button 23
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 330
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 331 PTE1, // J2 pin 20, joystick button 24
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 332
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 333 NC, // not used, joystick button 25
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 334 NC, // not used, joystick button 26
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 335 NC, // not used, joystick button 27
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 336 NC, // not used, joystick button 28
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 337 NC, // not used, joystick button 29
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 338 NC, // not used, joystick button 30
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 339 NC, // not used, joystick button 31
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 340 NC // not used, joystick button 32
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 341 };
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 342
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 343 // LED-Wiz emulation output pin assignments.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 344 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 345 // The LED-Wiz protocol allows setting individual intensity levels
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 346 // on all outputs, with 48 levels of intensity. This can be used
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 347 // to control lamp brightness and motor speeds, among other things.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 348 // Unfortunately, the KL25Z only has 10 PWM channels, so while we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 349 // can support the full complement of 32 outputs, we can only provide
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 350 // PWM dimming/speed control on 10 of them. The remaining outputs
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 351 // can only be switched fully on and fully off - we can't support
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 352 // dimming on these, so they'll ignore any intensity level setting
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 353 // requested by the host. Use these for devices that don't have any
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 354 // use for intensity settings anyway, such as contactors and knockers.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 355 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 356 // Ports with pins assigned as "NC" are not connected. That is,
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 357 // there's no physical pin for that LedWiz port number. You can
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 358 // send LedWiz commands to turn NC ports on and off, but doing so
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 359 // will have no effect. The reason we leave some ports unassigned
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 360 // is that we don't have enough physical GPIO pins to fill out the
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 361 // full LedWiz complement of 32 ports. Many pins are already taken
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 362 // for other purposes, such as button inputs or the plunger CCD
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 363 // interface.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 364 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 365 // The mapping between physical output pins on the KL25Z and the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 366 // assigned LED-Wiz port numbers is essentially arbitrary - you can
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 367 // customize this by changing the entries in the array below if you
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 368 // wish to rearrange the pins for any reason. Be aware that some
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 369 // of the physical outputs are already used for other purposes
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 370 // (e.g., some of the GPIO pins on header J10 are used for the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 371 // CCD sensor - but you can of course reassign those as well by
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 372 // changing the corresponding declarations elsewhere in this module).
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 373 // The assignments we make here have two main objectives: first,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 374 // to group the outputs on headers J1 and J2 (to facilitate neater
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 375 // wiring by keeping the output pins together physically), and
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 376 // second, to make the physical pin layout match the LED-Wiz port
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 377 // numbering order to the extent possible. There's one big wrench
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 378 // in the works, though, which is the limited number and discontiguous
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 379 // placement of the KL25Z PWM-capable output pins. This prevents
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 380 // us from doing the most obvious sequential ordering of the pins,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 381 // so we end up with the outputs arranged into several blocks.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 382 // Hopefully this isn't too confusing; for more detailed rationale,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 383 // read on...
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 384 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 385 // With the LED-Wiz, the host software configuration usually
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 386 // assumes that each RGB LED is hooked up to three consecutive ports
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 387 // (for the red, green, and blue components, which need to be
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 388 // physically wired to separate outputs to allow each color to be
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 389 // controlled independently). To facilitate this, we arrange the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 390 // PWM-enabled outputs so that they're grouped together in the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 391 // port numbering scheme. Unfortunately, these outputs aren't
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 392 // together in a single group in the physical pin layout, so to
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 393 // group them logically in the LED-Wiz port numbering scheme, we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 394 // have to break up the overall numbering scheme into several blocks.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 395 // So our port numbering goes sequentially down each column of
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 396 // header pins, but there are several break points where we have
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 397 // to interrupt the obvious sequence to keep the PWM pins grouped
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 398 // logically.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 399 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 400 // In the list below, "pin J1-2" refers to pin 2 on header J1 on
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 401 // the KL25Z, using the standard pin numbering in the KL25Z
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 402 // documentation - this is the physical pin that the port controls.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 403 // "LW port 1" means LED-Wiz port 1 - this is the LED-Wiz port
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 404 // number that you use on the PC side (in the DirectOutput config
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 405 // file, for example) to address the port. PWM-capable ports are
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 406 // marked as such - we group the PWM-capable ports into the first
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 407 // 10 LED-Wiz port numbers.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 408 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 409 // If you wish to reallocate a pin in the array below to some other
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 410 // use, such as a button input port, simply change the pin name in
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 411 // the entry to NC (for Not Connected). This will disable the given
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 412 // logical LedWiz port number and free up the physical pin.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 413 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 414 // If you wish to reallocate a pin currently assigned to the button
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 415 // input array, simply change the entry for the pin in the buttonMap[]
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 416 // array above to NC (for "not connected"), and plug the pin name into
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 417 // a slot of your choice in the array below.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 418 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 419 // Note: PTD1 (pin J2-12) should NOT be assigned as an LedWiz output,
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 420 // as this pin is physically connected on the KL25Z to the on-board
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 421 // indicator LED's blue segment. This precludes any other use of
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 422 // the pin.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 423 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 424 struct {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 425 PinName pin;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 426 bool isPWM;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 427 } ledWizPortMap[32] = {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 428 { PTA1, true }, // pin J1-2, LW port 1 (PWM capable - TPM 2.0 = channel 9)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 429 { PTA2, true }, // pin J1-4, LW port 2 (PWM capable - TPM 2.1 = channel 10)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 430 { PTD4, true }, // pin J1-6, LW port 3 (PWM capable - TPM 0.4 = channel 5)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 431 { PTA12, true }, // pin J1-8, LW port 4 (PWM capable - TPM 1.0 = channel 7)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 432 { PTA4, true }, // pin J1-10, LW port 5 (PWM capable - TPM 0.1 = channel 2)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 433 { PTA5, true }, // pin J1-12, LW port 6 (PWM capable - TPM 0.2 = channel 3)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 434 { PTA13, true }, // pin J2-2, LW port 7 (PWM capable - TPM 1.1 = channel 13)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 435 { PTD5, true }, // pin J2-4, LW port 8 (PWM capable - TPM 0.5 = channel 6)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 436 { PTD0, true }, // pin J2-6, LW port 9 (PWM capable - TPM 0.0 = channel 1)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 437 { PTD3, true }, // pin J2-10, LW port 10 (PWM capable - TPM 0.3 = channel 4)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 438 { PTD2, false }, // pin J2-8, LW port 11
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 439 { PTC8, false }, // pin J1-14, LW port 12
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 440 { PTC9, false }, // pin J1-16, LW port 13
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 441 { PTC7, false }, // pin J1-1, LW port 14
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 442 { PTC0, false }, // pin J1-3, LW port 15
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 443 { PTC3, false }, // pin J1-5, LW port 16
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 444 { PTC4, false }, // pin J1-7, LW port 17
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 445 { PTC5, false }, // pin J1-9, LW port 18
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 446 { PTC6, false }, // pin J1-11, LW port 19
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 447 { PTC10, false }, // pin J1-13, LW port 20
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 448 { PTC11, false }, // pin J1-15, LW port 21
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 449 { PTE0, false }, // pin J2-18, LW port 22
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 450 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 23
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 451 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 24
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 452 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 25
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 453 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 26
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 454 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 27
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 455 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 28
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 456 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 29
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 457 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 30
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 458 { NC, false }, // Not used, LW port 31
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 459 { NC, false } // Not used, LW port 32
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 460 };
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 461
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 462
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 463 // I2C address of the accelerometer (this is a constant of the KL25Z)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 464 const int MMA8451_I2C_ADDRESS = (0x1d<<1);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 465
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 466 // SCL and SDA pins for the accelerometer (constant for the KL25Z)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 467 #define MMA8451_SCL_PIN PTE25
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 468 #define MMA8451_SDA_PIN PTE24
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 469
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 470 // Digital in pin to use for the accelerometer interrupt. For the KL25Z,
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 471 // this can be either PTA14 or PTA15, since those are the pins physically
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 472 // wired on this board to the MMA8451 interrupt controller.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 473 #define MMA8451_INT_PIN PTA15
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 474
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 475 // Joystick axis report range - we report from -JOYMAX to +JOYMAX
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 476 #define JOYMAX 4096
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 477
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 478
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 479 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 480 // utilities
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 481
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 482 // number of elements in an array
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 483 #define countof(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof((x)[0]))
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 484
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 485 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 486 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 487 // LedWiz emulation
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 488 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 489
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 490 static int pbaIdx = 0;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 491
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 492 // LedWiz output pin interface. We create a cover class to virtualize
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 493 // digital vs PWM outputs and give them a common interface. The KL25Z
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 494 // unfortunately doesn't have enough hardware PWM channels to support
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 495 // PWM on all 32 LedWiz outputs, so we provide as many PWM channels as
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 496 // we can (10), and fill out the rest of the outputs with plain digital
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 497 // outs.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 498 class LwOut
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 499 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 500 public:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 501 virtual void set(float val) = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 502 };
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 503 class LwPwmOut: public LwOut
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 504 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 505 public:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 506 LwPwmOut(PinName pin) : p(pin) { }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 507 virtual void set(float val) { p = val; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 508 PwmOut p;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 509 };
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 510 class LwDigOut: public LwOut
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 511 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 512 public:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 513 LwDigOut(PinName pin) : p(pin) { }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 514 virtual void set(float val) { p = val; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 515 DigitalOut p;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 516 };
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 517 class LwUnusedOut: public LwOut
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 518 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 519 public:
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 520 LwUnusedOut() { }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 521 virtual void set(float val) { }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 522 };
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 523
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 524 // output pin array
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 525 static LwOut *lwPin[32];
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 526
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 527 // initialize the output pin array
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 528 void initLwOut()
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 529 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 530 for (int i = 0 ; i < countof(lwPin) ; ++i)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 531 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 532 PinName p = (i < countof(ledWizPortMap) ? ledWizPortMap[i].pin : NC);
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 533 if (p == NC)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 534 lwPin[i] = new LwUnusedOut();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 535 else if (ledWizPortMap[i].isPWM)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 536 lwPin[i] = new LwPwmOut(p);
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 537 else
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 538 lwPin[i] = new LwDigOut(p);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 539 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 540 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 541
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 542 // on/off state for each LedWiz output
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 543 static uint8_t wizOn[32];
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 544
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 545 // profile (brightness/blink) state for each LedWiz output
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 546 static uint8_t wizVal[32] = {
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 547 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 548 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 549 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 550 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 551 };
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 552
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 553 static float wizState(int idx)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 554 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 555 if (wizOn[idx]) {
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 556 // on - map profile brightness state to PWM level
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 557 uint8_t val = wizVal[idx];
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 558 if (val >= 1 && val <= 48)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 559 return 1.0 - val/48.0;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 560 else if (val >= 129 && val <= 132)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 561 return 0.0;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 562 else
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 563 return 1.0;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 564 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 565 else {
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 566 // off
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 567 return 1.0;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 568 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 569 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 570
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 571 static void updateWizOuts()
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 572 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 573 for (int i = 0 ; i < 32 ; ++i)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 574 lwPin[i]->set(wizState(i));
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 575 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 576
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 577
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 578 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 579 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 580 // Button input
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 581 //
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 582
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 583 // button input map array
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 584 DigitalIn *buttonDigIn[32];
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 585
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 586 // initialize the button inputs
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 587 void initButtons()
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 588 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 589 // create the digital inputs
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 590 for (int i = 0 ; i < countof(buttonDigIn) ; ++i)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 591 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 592 if (i < countof(buttonMap) && buttonMap[i] != NC)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 593 buttonDigIn[i] = new DigitalIn(buttonMap[i]);
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 594 else
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 595 buttonDigIn[i] = 0;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 596 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 597 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 598
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 599
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 600 // read the raw button input state
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 601 uint32_t readButtonsRaw()
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 602 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 603 // start with all buttons off
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 604 uint32_t buttons = 0;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 605
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 606 // scan the button list
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 607 uint32_t bit = 1;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 608 for (int i = 0 ; i < countof(buttonDigIn) ; ++i, bit <<= 1)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 609 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 610 if (buttonDigIn[i] != 0 && !buttonDigIn[i]->read())
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 611 buttons |= bit;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 612 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 613
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 614 // return the button list
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 615 return buttons;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 616 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 617
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 618 // Read buttons with debouncing. We keep a circular buffer
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 619 // of recent input readings. We'll AND together the status of
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 620 // each button over the past 50ms. A button that has been on
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 621 // continuously for 50ms will be reported as ON. All others
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 622 // will be reported as OFF.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 623 uint32_t readButtonsDebounced()
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 624 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 625 struct reading {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 626 int dt; // time since previous reading
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 627 uint32_t b; // button state at this reading
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 628 };
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 629 static Timer t; // timer for tracking time between readings
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 630 static reading readings[8]; // circular buffer of readings
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 631 static int ri = 0; // reading buffer index (next write position)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 632
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 633 // get the write pointer
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 634 reading *r = &readings[ri];
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 635
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 636 // figure the time since the last reading, and read the raw button state
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 637 r->dt = t.read_ms();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 638 uint32_t b = r->b = readButtonsRaw();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 639
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 640 // start timing the next interval
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 641 t.start();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 642 t.reset();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 643
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 644 // AND together readings over 50ms
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 645 int ms = 0;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 646 for (int i = 0 ; i < countof(readings) && ms < 50 ; ++i)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 647 {
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 648 // find the next prior reading, wrapping in the circular buffer
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 649 int j = ri - i;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 650 if (j < 0)
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 651 j = countof(readings) - 1;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 652
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 653 reading *rj = &readings[j];
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 654
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 655 // AND the buttons for this reading
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 656 b &= rj->b;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 657
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 658 // count the time
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 659 ms += rj->dt;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 660 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 661
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 662 // advance the write position for next time
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 663 ri += 1;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 664 if (ri > countof(readings))
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 665 ri = 0;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 666
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 667 // return the debounced result
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 668 return b;
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 669 }
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 670
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 671 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 672 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 673 // Non-volatile memory (NVM)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 674 //
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 675
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 676 // Structure defining our NVM storage layout. We store a small
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 677 // amount of persistent data in flash memory to retain calibration
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 678 // data when powered off.
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 679 struct NVM
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 680 {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 681 // checksum - we use this to determine if the flash record
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 682 // has been properly initialized
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 683 uint32_t checksum;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 684
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 685 // signature value
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 686 static const uint32_t SIGNATURE = 0x4D4A522A;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 687 static const uint16_t VERSION = 0x0003;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 688
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 689 // Is the data structure valid? We test the signature and
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 690 // checksum to determine if we've been properly stored.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 691 int valid() const
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 692 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 693 return (d.sig == SIGNATURE
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 694 && d.vsn == VERSION
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 695 && d.sz == sizeof(NVM)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 696 && checksum == CRC32(&d, sizeof(d)));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 697 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 698
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 699 // save to non-volatile memory
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 700 void save(FreescaleIAP &iap, int addr)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 701 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 702 // update the checksum and structure size
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 703 checksum = CRC32(&d, sizeof(d));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 704 d.sz = sizeof(NVM);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 705
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 706 // erase the sector
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 707 iap.erase_sector(addr);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 708
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 709 // save the data
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 710 iap.program_flash(addr, this, sizeof(*this));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 711 }
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 712
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 713 // reset calibration data for calibration mode
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 714 void resetPlunger()
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 715 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 716 // set extremes for the calibration data
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 717 d.plungerMax = 0;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 718 d.plungerZero = npix;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 719 d.plungerMin = npix;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 720 }
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 721
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 722 // stored data (excluding the checksum)
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 723 struct
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 724 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 725 // Signature, structure version, and structure size - further verification
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 726 // that we have valid initialized data. The size is a simple proxy for a
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 727 // structure version, as the most common type of change to the structure as
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 728 // the software evolves will be the addition of new elements. We also
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 729 // provide an explicit version number that we can update manually if we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 730 // make any changes that don't affect the structure size but would affect
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 731 // compatibility with a saved record (e.g., swapping two existing elements).
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 732 uint32_t sig;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 733 uint16_t vsn;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 734 int sz;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 735
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 736 // has the plunger been manually calibrated?
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 737 int plungerCal;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 738
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 739 // plunger calibration min and max
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 740 int plungerMin;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 741 int plungerZero;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 742 int plungerMax;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 743
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 744 // is the CCD enabled?
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 745 int ccdEnabled;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 746
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 747 // LedWiz unit number
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 748 uint8_t ledWizUnitNo;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 749 } d;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 750 };
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 751
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 752
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 753 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 754 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 755 // Customization joystick subbclass
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 756 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 757
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 758 class MyUSBJoystick: public USBJoystick
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 759 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 760 public:
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 761 MyUSBJoystick(uint16_t vendor_id, uint16_t product_id, uint16_t product_release)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 762 : USBJoystick(vendor_id, product_id, product_release, true)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 763 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 764 suspended_ = false;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 765 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 766
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 767 // are we connected?
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 768 int isConnected() { return configured(); }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 769
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 770 // Are we in suspend mode?
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 771 int isSuspended() const { return suspended_; }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 772
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 773 protected:
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 774 virtual void suspendStateChanged(unsigned int suspended)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 775 { suspended_ = suspended; }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 776
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 777 // are we suspended?
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 778 int suspended_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 779 };
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 780
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 781 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 782 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 783 // Some simple math service routines
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 784 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 785
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 786 inline float square(float x) { return x*x; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 787 inline float round(float x) { return x > 0 ? floor(x + 0.5) : ceil(x - 0.5); }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 788
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 789 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 790 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 791 // Accelerometer (MMA8451Q)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 792 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 793
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 794 // The MMA8451Q is the KL25Z's on-board 3-axis accelerometer.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 795 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 796 // This is a custom wrapper for the library code to interface to the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 797 // MMA8451Q. This class encapsulates an interrupt handler and
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 798 // automatic calibration.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 799 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 800 // We install an interrupt handler on the accelerometer "data ready"
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 801 // interrupt to ensure that we fetch each sample immediately when it
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 802 // becomes available. The accelerometer data rate is fiarly high
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 803 // (800 Hz), so it's not practical to keep up with it by polling.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 804 // Using an interrupt handler lets us respond quickly and read
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 805 // every sample.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 806 //
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 807 // We automatically calibrate the accelerometer so that it's not
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 808 // necessary to get it exactly level when installing it, and so
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 809 // that it's also not necessary to calibrate it manually. There's
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 810 // lots of experience that tells us that manual calibration is a
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 811 // terrible solution, mostly because cabinets tend to shift slightly
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 812 // during use, requiring frequent recalibration. Instead, we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 813 // calibrate automatically. We continuously monitor the acceleration
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 814 // data, watching for periods of constant (or nearly constant) values.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 815 // Any time it appears that the machine has been at rest for a while
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 816 // (about 5 seconds), we'll average the readings during that rest
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 817 // period and use the result as the level rest position. This is
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 818 // is ongoing, so we'll quickly find the center point again if the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 819 // machine is moved during play (by an especially aggressive bout
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 820 // of nudging, say).
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 821 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 822
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 823 // accelerometer input history item, for gathering calibration data
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 824 struct AccHist
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 825 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 826 AccHist() { x = y = d = 0.0; xtot = ytot = 0.0; cnt = 0; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 827 void set(float x, float y, AccHist *prv)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 828 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 829 // save the raw position
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 830 this->x = x;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 831 this->y = y;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 832 this->d = distance(prv);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 833 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 834
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 835 // reading for this entry
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 836 float x, y;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 837
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 838 // distance from previous entry
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 839 float d;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 840
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 841 // total and count of samples averaged over this period
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 842 float xtot, ytot;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 843 int cnt;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 844
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 845 void clearAvg() { xtot = ytot = 0.0; cnt = 0; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 846 void addAvg(float x, float y) { xtot += x; ytot += y; ++cnt; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 847 float xAvg() const { return xtot/cnt; }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 848 float yAvg() const { return ytot/cnt; }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 849
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 850 float distance(AccHist *p)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 851 { return sqrt(square(p->x - x) + square(p->y - y)); }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 852 };
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 853
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 854 // accelerometer wrapper class
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 855 class Accel
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 856 {
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 857 public:
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 858 Accel(PinName sda, PinName scl, int i2cAddr, PinName irqPin)
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 859 : mma_(sda, scl, i2cAddr), intIn_(irqPin)
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 860 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 861 // remember the interrupt pin assignment
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 862 irqPin_ = irqPin;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 863
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 864 // reset and initialize
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 865 reset();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 866 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 867
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 868 void reset()
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 869 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 870 // clear the center point
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 871 cx_ = cy_ = 0.0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 872
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 873 // start the calibration timer
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 874 tCenter_.start();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 875 iAccPrv_ = nAccPrv_ = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 876
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 877 // reset and initialize the MMA8451Q
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 878 mma_.init();
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 879
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 880 // set the initial integrated velocity reading to zero
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 881 vx_ = vy_ = 0;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 882
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 883 // set up our accelerometer interrupt handling
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 884 intIn_.rise(this, &Accel::isr);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 885 mma_.setInterruptMode(irqPin_ == PTA14 ? 1 : 2);
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 886
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 887 // read the current registers to clear the data ready flag
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 888 mma_.getAccXYZ(ax_, ay_, az_);
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 889
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 890 // start our timers
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 891 tGet_.start();
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 892 tInt_.start();
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 893 }
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 894
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 895 void get(int &x, int &y)
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 896 {
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 897 // disable interrupts while manipulating the shared data
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 898 __disable_irq();
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 899
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 900 // read the shared data and store locally for calculations
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 901 float ax = ax_, ay = ay_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 902 float vx = vx_, vy = vy_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 903
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 904 // reset the velocity sum for the next run
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 905 vx_ = vy_ = 0;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 906
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 907 // get the time since the last get() sample
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 908 float dt = tGet_.read_us()/1.0e6;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 909 tGet_.reset();
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 910
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 911 // done manipulating the shared data
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 912 __enable_irq();
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 913
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 914 // adjust the readings for the integration time
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 915 vx /= dt;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 916 vy /= dt;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 917
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 918 // add this sample to the current calibration interval's running total
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 919 AccHist *p = accPrv_ + iAccPrv_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 920 p->addAvg(ax, ay);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 921
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 922 // check for auto-centering every so often
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 923 if (tCenter_.read_ms() > 1000)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 924 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 925 // add the latest raw sample to the history list
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 926 AccHist *prv = p;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 927 iAccPrv_ = (iAccPrv_ + 1) % maxAccPrv;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 928 p = accPrv_ + iAccPrv_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 929 p->set(ax, ay, prv);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 930
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 931 // if we have a full complement, check for stability
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 932 if (nAccPrv_ >= maxAccPrv)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 933 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 934 // check if we've been stable for all recent samples
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 935 static const float accTol = .01;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 936 AccHist *p0 = accPrv_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 937 if (p0[0].d < accTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 938 && p0[1].d < accTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 939 && p0[2].d < accTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 940 && p0[3].d < accTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 941 && p0[4].d < accTol)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 942 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 943 // Figure the new calibration point as the average of
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 944 // the samples over the rest period
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 945 cx_ = (p0[0].xAvg() + p0[1].xAvg() + p0[2].xAvg() + p0[3].xAvg() + p0[4].xAvg())/5.0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 946 cy_ = (p0[0].yAvg() + p0[1].yAvg() + p0[2].yAvg() + p0[3].yAvg() + p0[4].yAvg())/5.0;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 947 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 948 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 949 else
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 950 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 951 // not enough samples yet; just up the count
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 952 ++nAccPrv_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 953 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 954
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 955 // clear the new item's running totals
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 956 p->clearAvg();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 957
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 958 // reset the timer
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 959 tCenter_.reset();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 960 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 961
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 962 // report our integrated velocity reading in x,y
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 963 x = rawToReport(vx);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 964 y = rawToReport(vy);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 965
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 966 #ifdef DEBUG_PRINTF
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 967 if (x != 0 || y != 0)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 968 printf("%f %f %d %d %f\r\n", vx, vy, x, y, dt);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 969 #endif
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 970 }
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 971
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 972 private:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 973 // adjust a raw acceleration figure to a usb report value
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 974 int rawToReport(float v)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 975 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 976 // scale to the joystick report range and round to integer
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 977 int i = int(round(v*JOYMAX));
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 978
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 979 // if it's near the center, scale it roughly as 20*(i/20)^2,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 980 // to suppress noise near the rest position
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 981 static const int filter[] = {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 982 -18, -16, -14, -13, -11, -10, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -2, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 983 0,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 984 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 985 };
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 986 return (i > 20 || i < -20 ? i : filter[i+20]);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 987 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 988
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 989 // interrupt handler
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 990 void isr()
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 991 {
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 992 // Read the axes. Note that we have to read all three axes
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 993 // (even though we only really use x and y) in order to clear
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 994 // the "data ready" status bit in the accelerometer. The
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 995 // interrupt only occurs when the "ready" bit transitions from
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 996 // off to on, so we have to make sure it's off.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 997 float x, y, z;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 998 mma_.getAccXYZ(x, y, z);
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 999
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1000 // calculate the time since the last interrupt
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1001 float dt = tInt_.read_us()/1.0e6;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1002 tInt_.reset();
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1003
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1004 // integrate the time slice from the previous reading to this reading
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1005 vx_ += (x + ax_ - 2*cx_)*dt/2;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1006 vy_ += (y + ay_ - 2*cy_)*dt/2;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1007
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1008 // store the updates
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1009 ax_ = x;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1010 ay_ = y;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1011 az_ = z;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1012 }
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1013
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1014 // underlying accelerometer object
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1015 MMA8451Q mma_;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1016
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1017 // last raw acceleration readings
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1018 float ax_, ay_, az_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1019
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1020 // integrated velocity reading since last get()
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1021 float vx_, vy_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1022
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1023 // timer for measuring time between get() samples
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1024 Timer tGet_;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1025
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1026 // timer for measuring time between interrupts
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1027 Timer tInt_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1028
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1029 // Calibration reference point for accelerometer. This is the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1030 // average reading on the accelerometer when in the neutral position
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1031 // at rest.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1032 float cx_, cy_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1033
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1034 // timer for atuo-centering
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1035 Timer tCenter_;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1036
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1037 // Auto-centering history. This is a separate history list that
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1038 // records results spaced out sparesely over time, so that we can
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1039 // watch for long-lasting periods of rest. When we observe nearly
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1040 // no motion for an extended period (on the order of 5 seconds), we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1041 // take this to mean that the cabinet is at rest in its neutral
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1042 // position, so we take this as the calibration zero point for the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1043 // accelerometer. We update this history continuously, which allows
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1044 // us to continuously re-calibrate the accelerometer. This ensures
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1045 // that we'll automatically adjust to any actual changes in the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1046 // cabinet's orientation (e.g., if it gets moved slightly by an
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1047 // especially strong nudge) as well as any systematic drift in the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1048 // accelerometer measurement bias (e.g., from temperature changes).
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1049 int iAccPrv_, nAccPrv_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1050 static const int maxAccPrv = 5;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1051 AccHist accPrv_[maxAccPrv];
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1052
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1053 // interurupt pin name
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1054 PinName irqPin_;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1055
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1056 // interrupt router
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1057 InterruptIn intIn_;
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1058 };
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1059
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1060
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1061 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1062 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1063 // Clear the I2C bus for the MMA8451!. This seems necessary some of the time
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1064 // for reasons that aren't clear to me. Doing a hard power cycle has the same
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1065 // effect, but when we do a soft reset, the hardware sometimes seems to leave
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1066 // the MMA's SDA line stuck low. Forcing a series of 9 clock pulses through
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1067 // the SCL line is supposed to clear this conidtion.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1068 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1069 void clear_i2c()
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1070 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1071 // assume a general-purpose output pin to the I2C clock
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1072 DigitalOut scl(MMA8451_SCL_PIN);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1073 DigitalIn sda(MMA8451_SDA_PIN);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1074
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1075 // clock the SCL 9 times
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1076 for (int i = 0 ; i < 9 ; ++i)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1077 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1078 scl = 1;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1079 wait_us(20);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1080 scl = 0;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1081 wait_us(20);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1082 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1083 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1084
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1085 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1086 //
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1087 // Main program loop. This is invoked on startup and runs forever. Our
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1088 // main work is to read our devices (the accelerometer and the CCD), process
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1089 // the readings into nudge and plunger position data, and send the results
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1090 // to the host computer via the USB joystick interface. We also monitor
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1091 // the USB connection for incoming LedWiz commands and process those into
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1092 // port outputs.
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1093 //
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1094 int main(void)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1095 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1096 // turn off our on-board indicator LED
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1097 ledR = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1098 ledG = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1099 ledB = 1;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1100
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1101 // initialize the LedWiz ports
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1102 initLwOut();
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1103
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1104 // initialize the button input ports
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1105 initButtons();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1106
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1107 // we don't need a reset yet
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1108 bool needReset = false;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1109
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1110 // clear the I2C bus for the accelerometer
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1111 clear_i2c();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1112
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1113 // set up a flash memory controller
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1114 FreescaleIAP iap;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1115
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1116 // use the last sector of flash for our non-volatile memory structure
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1117 int flash_addr = (iap.flash_size() - SECTOR_SIZE);
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1118 NVM *flash = (NVM *)flash_addr;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1119 NVM cfg;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1120
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1121 // check for valid flash
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1122 bool flash_valid = flash->valid();
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1123
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1124 // if the flash is valid, load it; otherwise initialize to defaults
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1125 if (flash_valid) {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1126 memcpy(&cfg, flash, sizeof(cfg));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1127 printf("Flash restored: plunger cal=%d, min=%d, zero=%d, max=%d\r\n",
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1128 cfg.d.plungerCal, cfg.d.plungerMin, cfg.d.plungerZero, cfg.d.plungerMax);
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1129 }
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1130 else {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1131 printf("Factory reset\r\n");
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1132 cfg.d.sig = cfg.SIGNATURE;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1133 cfg.d.vsn = cfg.VERSION;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1134 cfg.d.plungerCal = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1135 cfg.d.plungerZero = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1136 cfg.d.plungerMin = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1137 cfg.d.plungerMax = npix;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1138 cfg.d.ledWizUnitNo = DEFAULT_LEDWIZ_UNIT_NUMBER;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1139 cfg.d.ccdEnabled = true;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1140 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1141
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1142 // Create the joystick USB client. Note that we use the LedWiz unit
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1143 // number from the saved configuration.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1144 MyUSBJoystick js(
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1145 USB_VENDOR_ID,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1146 USB_PRODUCT_ID | cfg.d.ledWizUnitNo,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1147 USB_VERSION_NO);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1148
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1149 // plunger calibration button debounce timer
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1150 Timer calBtnTimer;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1151 calBtnTimer.start();
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1152 int calBtnLit = false;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1153
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1154 // Calibration button state:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1155 // 0 = not pushed
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1156 // 1 = pushed, not yet debounced
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1157 // 2 = pushed, debounced, waiting for hold time
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1158 // 3 = pushed, hold time completed - in calibration mode
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1159 int calBtnState = 0;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1160
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1161 // set up a timer for our heartbeat indicator
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1162 Timer hbTimer;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1163 hbTimer.start();
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1164 int hb = 0;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1165 uint16_t hbcnt = 0;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1166
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1167 // set a timer for accelerometer auto-centering
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1168 Timer acTimer;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1169 acTimer.start();
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1170
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1171 // create the accelerometer object
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1172 Accel accel(MMA8451_SCL_PIN, MMA8451_SDA_PIN, MMA8451_I2C_ADDRESS, MMA8451_INT_PIN);
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1173
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1174 // create the CCD array object
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1175 TSL1410R ccd(PTE20, PTE21, PTB0);
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1176
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1177 // last accelerometer report, in mouse coordinates
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1178 int x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1179
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1180 // previous two plunger readings, for "debouncing" the results (z0 is
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1181 // the most recent, z1 is the one before that)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1182 int z0 = 0, z1 = 0, z2 = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1183
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1184 // Firing in progress: we set this when we detect the start of rapid
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1185 // plunger movement from a retracted position towards the rest position.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1186 // The actual plunger spring return speed seems to be too slow for VP,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1187 // so when we detect the start of this motion, we immediately tell VP
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1188 // to return the plunger to rest, then we monitor the real plunger
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1189 // until it atcually stops.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1190 int firing = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1191
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1192 // start the first CCD integration cycle
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1193 ccd.clear();
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1194
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1195 // Device status. We report this on each update so that the host config
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1196 // tool can detect our current settings. This is a bit mask consisting
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1197 // of these bits:
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1198 // 0x01 -> plunger sensor enabled
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1199 uint16_t statusFlags = (cfg.d.ccdEnabled ? 0x01 : 0x00);
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1200
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1201 // flag: send a pixel dump after the next read
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1202 bool reportPix = false;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1203
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1204 // we're all set up - now just loop, processing sensor reports and
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1205 // host requests
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1206 for (;;)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1207 {
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1208 // Look for an incoming report. Continue processing input as
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1209 // long as there's anything pending - this ensures that we
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1210 // handle input in as timely a fashion as possible by deferring
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1211 // output tasks as long as there's input to process.
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1212 HID_REPORT report;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1213 while (js.readNB(&report))
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1214 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1215 // all Led-Wiz reports are 8 bytes exactly
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1216 if (report.length == 8)
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1217 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1218 uint8_t *data = report.data;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1219 if (data[0] == 64)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1220 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1221 // LWZ-SBA - first four bytes are bit-packed on/off flags
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1222 // for the outputs; 5th byte is the pulse speed (0-7)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1223 //printf("LWZ-SBA %02x %02x %02x %02x ; %02x\r\n",
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1224 // data[1], data[2], data[3], data[4], data[5]);
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1225
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1226 // update all on/off states
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1227 for (int i = 0, bit = 1, ri = 1 ; i < 32 ; ++i, bit <<= 1)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1228 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1229 if (bit == 0x100) {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1230 bit = 1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1231 ++ri;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1232 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1233 wizOn[i] = ((data[ri] & bit) != 0);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1234 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1235
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1236 // update the physical outputs
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1237 updateWizOuts();
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1238
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1239 // reset the PBA counter
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1240 pbaIdx = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1241 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1242 else if (data[0] == 65)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1243 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1244 // Private control message. This isn't an LedWiz message - it's
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1245 // an extension for this device. 65 is an invalid PBA setting,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1246 // and isn't used for any other LedWiz message, so we appropriate
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1247 // it for our own private use. The first byte specifies the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1248 // message type.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1249 if (data[1] == 1)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1250 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1251 // 1 = Set Configuration:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1252 // data[2] = LedWiz unit number (0x00 to 0x0f)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1253 // data[3] = feature enable bit mask:
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1254 // 0x01 = enable CCD
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1255
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1256 // we'll need a reset if the LedWiz unit number is changing
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1257 uint8_t newUnitNo = data[2] & 0x0f;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1258 needReset |= (newUnitNo != cfg.d.ledWizUnitNo);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1259
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1260 // set the configuration parameters from the message
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1261 cfg.d.ledWizUnitNo = newUnitNo;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1262 cfg.d.ccdEnabled = data[3] & 0x01;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1263
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1264 // update the status flags
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1265 statusFlags = (statusFlags & ~0x01) | (data[3] & 0x01);
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1266
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1267 // if the ccd is no longer enabled, use 0 for z reports
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1268 if (!cfg.d.ccdEnabled)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1269 z = 0;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1270
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1271 // save the configuration
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1272 cfg.save(iap, flash_addr);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1273 }
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1274 else if (data[1] == 2)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1275 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1276 // 2 = Calibrate plunger
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1277 // (No parameters)
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1278
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1279 // enter calibration mode
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1280 calBtnState = 3;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1281 calBtnTimer.reset();
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1282 cfg.resetPlunger();
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1283 }
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1284 else if (data[1] == 3)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1285 {
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1286 // 3 = pixel dump
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1287 // (No parameters)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1288 reportPix = true;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1289
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1290 // show purple until we finish sending the report
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1291 ledR = 0;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1292 ledB = 0;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1293 ledG = 1;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1294 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1295 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1296 else
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1297 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1298 // LWZ-PBA - full state dump; each byte is one output
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1299 // in the current bank. pbaIdx keeps track of the bank;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1300 // this is incremented implicitly by each PBA message.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1301 //printf("LWZ-PBA[%d] %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x\r\n",
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1302 // pbaIdx, data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3], data[4], data[5], data[6], data[7]);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1303
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1304 // update all output profile settings
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1305 for (int i = 0 ; i < 8 ; ++i)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1306 wizVal[pbaIdx + i] = data[i];
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1307
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1308 // update the physical LED state if this is the last bank
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1309 if (pbaIdx == 24)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1310 updateWizOuts();
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1311
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1312 // advance to the next bank
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1313 pbaIdx = (pbaIdx + 8) & 31;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1314 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1315 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1316 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1317
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1318 // check for plunger calibration
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1319 if (!calBtn)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1320 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1321 // check the state
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1322 switch (calBtnState)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1323 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1324 case 0:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1325 // button not yet pushed - start debouncing
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1326 calBtnTimer.reset();
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1327 calBtnState = 1;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1328 break;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1329
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1330 case 1:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1331 // pushed, not yet debounced - if the debounce time has
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1332 // passed, start the hold period
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1333 if (calBtnTimer.read_ms() > 50)
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1334 calBtnState = 2;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1335 break;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1336
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1337 case 2:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1338 // in the hold period - if the button has been held down
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1339 // for the entire hold period, move to calibration mode
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1340 if (calBtnTimer.read_ms() > 2050)
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1341 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1342 // enter calibration mode
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1343 calBtnState = 3;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1344 calBtnTimer.reset();
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1345 cfg.resetPlunger();
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1346 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1347 break;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1348
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1349 case 3:
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1350 // Already in calibration mode - pushing the button here
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1351 // doesn't change the current state, but we won't leave this
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1352 // state as long as it's held down. So nothing changes here.
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1353 break;
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1354 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1355 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1356 else
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1357 {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1358 // Button released. If we're in calibration mode, and
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1359 // the calibration time has elapsed, end the calibration
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1360 // and save the results to flash.
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1361 //
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1362 // Otherwise, return to the base state without saving anything.
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1363 // If the button is released before we make it to calibration
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1364 // mode, it simply cancels the attempt.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1365 if (calBtnState == 3 && calBtnTimer.read_ms() > 15000)
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1366 {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1367 // exit calibration mode
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1368 calBtnState = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1369
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1370 // save the updated configuration
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1371 cfg.d.plungerCal = 1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1372 cfg.save(iap, flash_addr);
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1373
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1374 // the flash state is now valid
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1375 flash_valid = true;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1376 }
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1377 else if (calBtnState != 3)
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1378 {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1379 // didn't make it to calibration mode - cancel the operation
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1380 calBtnState = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1381 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1382 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1383
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1384 // light/flash the calibration button light, if applicable
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1385 int newCalBtnLit = calBtnLit;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1386 switch (calBtnState)
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1387 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1388 case 2:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1389 // in the hold period - flash the light
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1390 newCalBtnLit = ((calBtnTimer.read_ms()/250) & 1);
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1391 break;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1392
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1393 case 3:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1394 // calibration mode - show steady on
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1395 newCalBtnLit = true;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1396 break;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1397
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1398 default:
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1399 // not calibrating/holding - show steady off
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1400 newCalBtnLit = false;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1401 break;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1402 }
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1403
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1404 // light or flash the external calibration button LED, and
mjr 3:3514575d4f86 1405 // do the same with the on-board blue LED
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1406 if (calBtnLit != newCalBtnLit)
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1407 {
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1408 calBtnLit = newCalBtnLit;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1409 if (calBtnLit) {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1410 calBtnLed = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1411 ledR = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1412 ledG = 1;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1413 ledB = 0;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1414 }
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1415 else {
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1416 calBtnLed = 0;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1417 ledR = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1418 ledG = 1;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1419 ledB = 1;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1420 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1421 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1422
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1423 // read the plunger sensor, if it's enabled
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1424 uint16_t pix[npix];
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1425 if (cfg.d.ccdEnabled)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1426 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1427 // start with the previous reading, in case we don't have a
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1428 // clear result on this frame
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1429 int znew = z;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1430
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1431 // read the array
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1432 ccd.read(pix, npix);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1433
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1434 // get the average brightness at each end of the sensor
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1435 long avg1 = (long(pix[0]) + long(pix[1]) + long(pix[2]) + long(pix[3]) + long(pix[4]))/5;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1436 long avg2 = (long(pix[npix-1]) + long(pix[npix-2]) + long(pix[npix-3]) + long(pix[npix-4]) + long(pix[npix-5]))/5;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1437
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1438 // figure the midpoint in the brightness; multiply by 3 so that we can
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1439 // compare sums of three pixels at a time to smooth out noise
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1440 long midpt = (avg1 + avg2)/2 * 3;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1441
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1442 // Work from the bright end to the dark end. VP interprets the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1443 // Z axis value as the amount the plunger is pulled: zero is the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1444 // rest position, and the axis maximum is fully pulled. So we
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1445 // essentially want to report how much of the sensor is lit,
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1446 // since this increases as the plunger is pulled back.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1447 int si = 1, di = 1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1448 if (avg1 < avg2)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1449 si = npix - 2, di = -1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1450
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1451 // If the bright end and dark end don't differ by enough, skip this
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1452 // reading entirely - we must have an overexposed or underexposed frame.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1453 // Otherwise proceed with the scan.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1454 if (labs(avg1 - avg2) > 0x1000)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1455 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1456 uint16_t *pixp = pix + si;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1457 for (int n = 1 ; n < npix - 1 ; ++n, pixp += di)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1458 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1459 // if we've crossed the midpoint, report this position
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1460 if (long(pixp[-1]) + long(pixp[0]) + long(pixp[1]) < midpt)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1461 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1462 // note the new position
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1463 int pos = n;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1464
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1465 // Calibrate, or apply calibration, depending on the mode.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1466 // In either case, normalize to our range. VP appears to
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1467 // ignore negative Z axis values.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1468 if (calBtnState == 3)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1469 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1470 // calibrating - note if we're expanding the calibration envelope
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1471 if (pos < cfg.d.plungerMin)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1472 cfg.d.plungerMin = pos;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1473 if (pos < cfg.d.plungerZero)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1474 cfg.d.plungerZero = pos;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1475 if (pos > cfg.d.plungerMax)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1476 cfg.d.plungerMax = pos;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1477
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1478 // normalize to the full physical range while calibrating
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1479 znew = int(round(float(pos)/npix * JOYMAX));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1480 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1481 else
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1482 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1483 // Running normally - normalize to the calibration range. Note
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1484 // that values below the zero point are allowed - the zero point
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1485 // represents the park position, where the plunger sits when at
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1486 // rest, but a mechanical plunger has a smmall amount of travel
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1487 // in the "push" direction. We represent forward travel with
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1488 // negative z values.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1489 if (pos > cfg.d.plungerMax)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1490 pos = cfg.d.plungerMax;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1491 znew = int(round(float(pos - cfg.d.plungerZero)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1492 / (cfg.d.plungerMax - cfg.d.plungerZero + 1) * JOYMAX));
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1493 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1494
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1495 // done
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1496 break;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1497 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1498 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1499 }
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1500
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1501 // Determine if the plunger is being fired - i.e., if the player
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1502 // has just released the plunger from a retracted position.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1503 //
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1504 // We treat firing as an event. That is, we tell VP when the
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1505 // plunger is fired, and then stop sending data until the firing
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1506 // is complete, allowing VP to carry out the firing motion using
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1507 // its internal model plunger rather than trying to track the
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1508 // intermediate positions of the mechanical plunger throughout
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1509 // the firing motion. This is essential because the firing
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1510 // motion is too fast for us to track - in the time it takes us
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1511 // to read one frame, the plunger can make it all the way to the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1512 // zero position and bounce back halfway. Fortunately, the range
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1513 // of motions for the plunger is limited, so if we see any rapid
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1514 // change of position toward the rest position, it's reasonably
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1515 // safe to interpret it as a firing event.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1516 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1517 // This isn't foolproof. The user can trick us by doing a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1518 // controlled rapid forward push but stopping short of the rest
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1519 // position. We'll misinterpret that as a firing event. But
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1520 // that's not a natural motion that a user would make with a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1521 // plunger, so it's probably an acceptable false positive.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1522 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1523 // Possible future enhancement: we could add a second physical
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1524 // sensor that detects when the plunger reaches the zero position
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1525 // and asserts an interrupt. In the interrupt handler, set a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1526 // flag indicating the zero position signal. On each scan of
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1527 // the CCD, also check that flag; if it's set, enter firing
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1528 // event mode just as we do now. The key here is that the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1529 // secondary sensor would have to be something much faster
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1530 // than our CCD scan - it would have to react on, say, the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1531 // millisecond time scale. A simple mechanical switch or a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1532 // proximity sensor could work. This would let us detect
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1533 // with certainty when the plunger physically fires, eliminating
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1534 // the case where the use can fool us with motion that's fast
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1535 // enough to look like a release but doesn't actually reach the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1536 // starting position.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1537 //
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1538 // To detremine when a firing even occurs, we watch for rapid
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1539 // motion from a retracted position towards the rest position -
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1540 // that is, large position changes in the negative direction over
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1541 // a couple of consecutive readings. When we see a rapid move
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1542 // toward zero, we set our internal 'firing' flag, immediately
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1543 // report to VP that the plunger has returned to the zero
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1544 // position, and then suspend reports until the mechanical
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1545 // readings indicate that the plunger has come to rest (indicated
mjr 7:100a25f8bf56 1546 // by several readings in a row at roughly the same position).
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1547 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1548 // Tolerance for firing is 1/3 of the current pull distance, or
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1549 // about 1/2", whichever is greater. Making this value too small
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1550 // makes for too many false positives. Empirically, 1/4" is too
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1551 // twitchy, so set a floor at about 1/2". But we can be less
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1552 // sensitive the further back the plunger is pulled, since even
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1553 // a long pull will snap back quickly. Note that JOYMAX always
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1554 // corresponds to about 3", no matter how many pixels we're
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1555 // reading, since the physical sensor is about 3" long; so we
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1556 // factor out the pixel count calculate (approximate) physical
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1557 // distances based on the normalized axis range.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1558 //
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1559 // Firing pattern: when firing, don't simply report a solid 0,
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1560 // but instead report a series of pseudo-bouces. This looks
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1561 // more realistic, beacause the real plunger is also bouncing
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1562 // around during this time. To get maximum firing power in
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1563 // the simulation, though, our pseudo-bounces are tiny cmopared
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1564 // to the real thing.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1565 const int restTol = JOYMAX/24;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1566 int fireTol = z/3 > JOYMAX/6 ? z/3 : JOYMAX/6;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1567 static const int firePattern[] = {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1568 -JOYMAX/12, -JOYMAX/12, -JOYMAX/12,
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1569 };
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1570 if (firing != 0)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1571 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1572 // Firing in progress - we've already told VP to send its
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1573 // model plunger all the way back to the rest position, so
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1574 // send no further reports until the mechanical plunger
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1575 // actually comes to rest somewhere.
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1576 if (abs(z0 - z2) < restTol && abs(znew - z2) < restTol)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1577 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1578 // the plunger is back at rest - firing is done
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1579 firing = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1580
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1581 // resume normal reporting
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1582 z = z2;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1583 }
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1584 else if (firing < countof(firePattern))
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1585 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1586 // firing - report the next position in the pseudo-bounce
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1587 // pattern
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1588 z = firePattern[firing++];
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1589 }
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1590 else
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1591 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1592 // firing, out of pseudo-bounce items - just report the
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1593 // rest position
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1594 z = 0;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1595 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1596 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1597 else if (z0 < z2 && z1 < z2 && znew < z2
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1598 && (z0 < z2 - fireTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1599 || z1 < z2 - fireTol
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1600 || znew < z2 - fireTol))
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1601 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1602 // Big jumps toward rest position in last two readings -
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1603 // firing has begun. Report an immediate return to the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1604 // rest position, and send no further reports until the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1605 // physical plunger has come to rest. This effectively
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1606 // detaches VP's model plunger from the real world for
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1607 // the duration of the spring return, letting VP evolve
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1608 // its model without trying to synchronize with the
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1609 // mechanical version. The release motion is too fast
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1610 // for that to work well; we can't take samples quickly
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1611 // enough to get prcise velocity or acceleration
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1612 // readings. It's better to let VP figure the speed
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1613 // and acceleration through modeling. Plus, that lets
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1614 // each virtual table set the desired parameters for its
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1615 // virtual plunger, rather than imposing the actual
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1616 // mechanical charateristics of the physical plunger on
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1617 // every table.
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1618 firing = 1;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1619
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1620 // report the first firing pattern position
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1621 z = firePattern[0];
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1622 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1623 else
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1624 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1625 // everything normal; report the 3rd recent position on
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1626 // tape delay
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1627 z = z2;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1628 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1629
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1630 // shift in the new reading
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1631 z2 = z1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1632 z1 = z0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1633 z0 = znew;
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1634 }
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1635 else
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1636 {
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1637 // plunger disabled - pause 10ms to throttle updates to a
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1638 // reasonable pace
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1639 wait_ms(10);
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1640 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1641
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1642 // read the accelerometer
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1643 int xa, ya;
mjr 9:fd65b0a94720 1644 accel.get(xa, ya);
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1645
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1646 // confine the results to our joystick axis range
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1647 if (xa < -JOYMAX) xa = -JOYMAX;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1648 if (xa > JOYMAX) xa = JOYMAX;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1649 if (ya < -JOYMAX) ya = -JOYMAX;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1650 if (ya > JOYMAX) ya = JOYMAX;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1651
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1652 // store the updated accelerometer coordinates
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1653 x = xa;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1654 y = ya;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1655
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1656 // update the buttons
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1657 uint32_t buttons = readButtonsDebounced();
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1658
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1659 // Send the status report. Note that the nominal x and y axes
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1660 // are reversed - this makes it more intuitive to set up in VP.
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1661 // If we mount the Freesale card flat on the floor of the cabinet
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1662 // with the USB connectors facing the front of the cabinet, this
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1663 // arrangement of our nominal axes aligns with VP's standard
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1664 // setting, so that we can configure VP with X Axis = X on the
mjr 8:c732e279ee29 1665 // joystick and Y Axis = Y on the joystick.
mjr 11:bd9da7088e6e 1666 js.update(y, x, z, buttons, statusFlags);
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1667
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1668 // If we're in pixel dump mode, report all pixel exposure values
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1669 if (reportPix)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1670 {
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1671 // we have satisfied this request
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1672 reportPix = false;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1673
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1674 // send reports for all pixels
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1675 int idx = 0;
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1676 while (idx < npix)
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1677 js.updateExposure(idx, npix, pix);
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1678
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1679 // The pixel dump requires many USB reports, since each report
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1680 // can only send a few pixel values. An integration cycle has
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1681 // been running all this time, since each read starts a new
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1682 // cycle. Our timing is longer than usual on this round, so
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1683 // the integration won't be comparable to a normal cycle. Throw
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1684 // this one away by doing a read now, and throwing it away - that
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1685 // will get the timing of the *next* cycle roughly back to normal.
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1686 ccd.read(pix, npix);
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1687 }
mjr 10:976666ffa4ef 1688
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1689 #ifdef DEBUG_PRINTF
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1690 if (x != 0 || y != 0)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1691 printf("%d,%d\r\n", x, y);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1692 #endif
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1693
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1694 // provide a visual status indication on the on-board LED
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1695 if (calBtnState < 2 && hbTimer.read_ms() > 1000)
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1696 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1697 if (js.isSuspended() || !js.isConnected())
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1698 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1699 // suspended - turn off the LED
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1700 ledR = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1701 ledG = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1702 ledB = 1;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1703
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1704 // show a status flash every so often
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1705 if (hbcnt % 3 == 0)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1706 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1707 // disconnected = red/red flash; suspended = red
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1708 for (int n = js.isConnected() ? 1 : 2 ; n > 0 ; --n)
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1709 {
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1710 ledR = 0;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1711 wait(0.05);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1712 ledR = 1;
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1713 wait(0.25);
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1714 }
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1715 }
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1716 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1717 else if (needReset)
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1718 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1719 // connected, need to reset due to changes in config parameters -
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1720 // flash red/green
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1721 hb = !hb;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1722 ledR = (hb ? 0 : 1);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1723 ledG = (hb ? 1 : 0);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1724 ledB = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1725 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1726 else if (cfg.d.ccdEnabled && !cfg.d.plungerCal)
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1727 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1728 // connected, plunger calibration needed - flash yellow/green
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1729 hb = !hb;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1730 ledR = (hb ? 0 : 1);
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1731 ledG = 0;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1732 ledB = 1;
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1733 }
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1734 else
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1735 {
mjr 6:cc35eb643e8f 1736 // connected - flash blue/green
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1737 hb = !hb;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1738 ledR = 1;
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1739 ledG = (hb ? 0 : 1);
mjr 4:02c7cd7b2183 1740 ledB = (hb ? 1 : 0);
mjr 2:c174f9ee414a 1741 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1742
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1743 // reset the heartbeat timer
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1744 hbTimer.reset();
mjr 5:a70c0bce770d 1745 ++hbcnt;
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1746 }
mjr 1:d913e0afb2ac 1747 }
mjr 0:5acbbe3f4cf4 1748 }