NOT FINISHED YET!!! My first try to get a self built fully working Quadrocopter based on an mbed, a self built frame and some other more or less cheap parts.

Dependencies:   mbed MODI2C

Committer:
maetugr
Date:
Wed Jun 12 16:42:32 2013 +0000
Revision:
37:34917f7c10ae
Parent:
36:128c55793728
Child:
38:ff95fd524c9e
Solved -180 to 180 degree YAW-range-issue, not physicaly tested yet

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
maetugr 7:9d4313510646 1 #include "mbed.h" // Standard Library
maetugr 7:9d4313510646 2 #include "LED.h" // LEDs framework for blinking ;)
maetugr 13:4737ee9ebfee 3 #include "PC.h" // Serial Port via USB by Roland Elmiger for debugging with Terminal (driver needed: https://mbed.org/media/downloads/drivers/mbedWinSerial_16466.exe)
maetugr 7:9d4313510646 4 #include "L3G4200D.h" // Gyro (Gyroscope)
maetugr 7:9d4313510646 5 #include "ADXL345.h" // Acc (Accelerometer)
maetugr 7:9d4313510646 6 #include "HMC5883.h" // Comp (Compass)
maetugr 14:cf260677ecde 7 #include "BMP085_old.h" // Alt (Altitude sensor)
maetugr 30:021e13b62575 8 #include "RC_Channel.h" // RemoteControl Channels with PPM
maetugr 15:753c5d6a63b3 9 #include "Servo_PWM.h" // Motor PPM using PwmOut
maetugr 13:4737ee9ebfee 10 #include "PID.h" // PID Library by Aaron Berk
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 11 #include "IMU_Filter.h" // Class to calculate position angles
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 12 #include "Mixer.h" // Class to calculate motorspeeds from Angles, Regulation and RC-Signals
maetugr 0:0c4fafa398b4 13
maetugr 30:021e13b62575 14 #define RATE 0.002 // speed of the interrupt for Sensors and PID
maetugr 30:021e13b62575 15 #define PPM_FREQU 495 // Hz Frequency of PPM Signal for ESCs (maximum <500Hz)
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 16 #define RC_SENSITIVITY 30 // maximal angle from horizontal that the PID is aming for
maetugr 36:128c55793728 17 #define YAWSPEED 0.2 // maximal speed of yaw rotation in degree per Rate
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 18 #define INTEGRAL_MAX 300
maetugr 15:753c5d6a63b3 19
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 20 // RC
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 21 #define AILERON 0
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 22 #define ELEVATOR 1
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 23 #define RUDDER 2
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 24 #define THROTTLE 3
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 25 // Axes
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 26 #define ROLL 0
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 27 #define PITCH 1
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 28 #define YAW 2
maetugr 25:0498d3041afa 29
maetugr 29:8b7362a2ee14 30 #define PC_CONNECTED // decoment if you want to debug per USB/Bluetooth and your PC
maetugr 2:93f703d2c4d7 31
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 32 // Global variables
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 33 bool armed = false; // this variable is for security (when false no motor rotates any more)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 34 bool RC_present = false; // this variable shows if an RC is present
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 35 float dt = 0;
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 36 float time_for_dt = 0;
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 37 float dt_read_sensors = 0;
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 38 float time_read_sensors = 0;
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 39 float controller_value[] = {0,0,0}; // The calculated answer form the Controller
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 40 float RC_angle[] = {0,0,0}; // Angle of the RC Sticks, to steer the QC
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 41 float RC_yaw_adding; // temporary variable to take the desired yaw adjustment
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 42
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 43 float P = 4.0; // PID values
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 44 float I = 0;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 45 float D = 1.0;
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 46
maetugr 14:cf260677ecde 47 Timer GlobalTimer; // global time to calculate processing speed
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 48 Ticker Dutycycler; // timecontrolled interrupt for exact timed control loop
maetugr 14:cf260677ecde 49
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 50 // Initialisation of hardware (see includes for more info)
maetugr 5:818c0668fd2d 51 LED LEDs;
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 52 #ifdef PC_CONNECTED
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 53 PC pc(USBTX, USBRX, 115200); // USB
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 54 //PC pc(p9, p10, 115200); // Bluetooth
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 55 #endif
maetugr 5:818c0668fd2d 56 L3G4200D Gyro(p28, p27);
maetugr 5:818c0668fd2d 57 ADXL345 Acc(p28, p27);
maetugr 11:9bf69bc6df45 58 HMC5883 Comp(p28, p27);
maetugr 14:cf260677ecde 59 BMP085_old Alt(p28, p27);
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 60 RC_Channel RC[] = {RC_Channel(p5,1), RC_Channel(p6,2), RC_Channel(p8,4), RC_Channel(p7,3)}; // no p19/p20 !
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 61 Servo_PWM ESC[] = {Servo_PWM(p21,PPM_FREQU), Servo_PWM(p22,PPM_FREQU), Servo_PWM(p23,PPM_FREQU), Servo_PWM(p24,PPM_FREQU)}; // p21 - p26 only because PWM needed!
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 62 IMU_Filter IMU; // (don't write () after constructor for no arguments!)
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 63 Mixer MIX(1); // 0 for +-Formation, 1 for X-Formation
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 64 PID Controller[] = {PID(P, I, D, INTEGRAL_MAX), PID(P, I, D, INTEGRAL_MAX), PID(1.0, 0, 0, INTEGRAL_MAX)}; // 0:X:Roll 1:Y:Pitch 2:Z:Yaw
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 65
maetugr 28:ba6ca9f4def4 66 void dutycycle() // method which is called by the Ticker Dutycycler every RATE seconds
maetugr 8:d25ecdcdbeb5 67 {
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 68 time_read_sensors = GlobalTimer.read(); // start time measure for sensors
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 69
maetugr 15:753c5d6a63b3 70 // read data from sensors // ATTENTION! the I2C option repeated true is important because otherwise interrupts while bus communications cause crashes
maetugr 14:cf260677ecde 71 Gyro.read();
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 72 Acc.read();
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 73 //Comp.read(); // TODO: not every loop every sensor? altitude not that important
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 74 //Alt.Update(); // TODO needs very long to read because of waits
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 75
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 76 //pc.printf("%6.1f,%6.1f,%6.1f,%6.1f,%6.1f,%6.1f\r\n", Gyro.data[0], Gyro.data[1], Gyro.data[2], Acc.data[0], Acc.data[1], Acc.data[2]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 77
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 78 dt_read_sensors = GlobalTimer.read() - time_read_sensors; // stop time measure for sensors
maetugr 8:d25ecdcdbeb5 79
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 80 // meassure dt for the filter
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 81 dt = GlobalTimer.read() - time_for_dt; // time in us since last loop
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 82 time_for_dt = GlobalTimer.read(); // set new time for next measurement
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 83
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 84 IMU.compute(dt, Gyro.data, Acc.data);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 85 //pc.printf("%f,%f,%f,%3.5fs,%3.5fs\r\n", IMU.angle[0], IMU.angle[1], IMU.angle[2], dt, dt_read_sensors);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 86
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 87 if(RC[AILERON].read() == -100 || RC[ELEVATOR].read() == -100 || RC[RUDDER].read() == -100 || RC[THROTTLE].read() == -100)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 88 RC_present = false;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 89 else
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 90 RC_present = true;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 91
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 92 // Arming / disarming
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 93 if(RC[THROTTLE].read() < 20 && RC[RUDDER].read() > 850) {
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 94 armed = true;
maetugr 25:0498d3041afa 95 }
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 96 if((RC[THROTTLE].read() < 30 && RC[RUDDER].read() < 30) || !RC_present) {
maetugr 20:e116e596e540 97 armed = false;
maetugr 25:0498d3041afa 98 }
maetugr 20:e116e596e540 99
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 100 // RC Angle ROLL-PITCH-Part
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 101 for(int i=0;i<2;i++) { // calculate new angle we want the QC to have
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 102 if (RC_present)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 103 RC_angle[i] = (RC[i].read()-500)*RC_SENSITIVITY/500.0;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 104 else
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 105 RC_angle[i] = 0;
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 106 }
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 107
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 108 // RC Angle YAW-Part
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 109 if (RC_present && RC[THROTTLE].read() > 20)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 110 RC_yaw_adding = (RC[RUDDER].read()-500)*YAWSPEED/500;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 111 else
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 112 RC_yaw_adding = 0;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 113
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 114 while(RC_angle[YAW] + RC_yaw_adding < -180 || RC_angle[YAW] + RC_yaw_adding > 180) { // make shure it's in the cycle -180 to 180
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 115 if(RC_angle[YAW] + RC_yaw_adding < -180)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 116 RC_yaw_adding += 360;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 117 if(RC_angle[YAW] + RC_yaw_adding > 180)
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 118 RC_yaw_adding -= 360;
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 119 }
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 120 RC_angle[YAW] += RC_yaw_adding; // for yaw angle it's integrated
maetugr 30:021e13b62575 121
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 122 // PID controlling
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 123 for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
maetugr 29:8b7362a2ee14 124 Controller[i].setIntegrate(armed); // only integrate in controller when armed, so the value is not totally odd from not flying
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 125 controller_value[i] = Controller[i].compute(RC_angle[i], IMU.angle[i]); // give the controller the actual angle and get his advice to correct
maetugr 30:021e13b62575 126 }
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 127 Controller[YAW].setIntegrate(armed); // same for YAW
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 128 if (abs(RC_angle[YAW] - IMU.angle[YAW]) > 180) // for YAW a special calculation because of range -180 to 180
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 129 if (RC_angle[YAW] > IMU.angle[YAW])
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 130 controller_value[YAW] = Controller[YAW].compute(RC_angle[YAW] - 360, IMU.angle[YAW]);
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 131 else
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 132 controller_value[YAW] = Controller[YAW].compute(RC_angle[YAW] + 360, IMU.angle[YAW]);
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 133 else
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 134 controller_value[YAW] = Controller[YAW].compute(RC_angle[YAW], IMU.angle[YAW]);
maetugr 29:8b7362a2ee14 135
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 136 if (armed) // for SECURITY!
maetugr 22:d301b455a1ad 137 {
maetugr 34:3aa1cbcde59d 138 MIX.compute(RC[THROTTLE].read(), controller_value); // let the Mixer compute motorspeeds based on throttle and controller output
maetugr 28:ba6ca9f4def4 139 for(int i=0;i<4;i++) // Set new motorspeeds
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 140 ESC[i] = (int)MIX.Motor_speed[i];
maetugr 25:0498d3041afa 141
maetugr 15:753c5d6a63b3 142 } else {
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 143 for(int i=0;i<4;i++) // for security reason, set every motor to zero speed
maetugr 28:ba6ca9f4def4 144 ESC[i] = 0;
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 145 }
maetugr 8:d25ecdcdbeb5 146 }
maetugr 5:818c0668fd2d 147
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 148 void commandexecuter(char* command) { // take new PID values on the fly
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 149 if (command[0] == 'p')
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 150 P = atof(&command[1]);
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 151 if (command[0] == 'i')
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 152 I = atof(&command[1]);
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 153 if (command[0] == 'd')
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 154 D = atof(&command[1]);
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 155 for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 156 Controller[i].setPID(P,I,D); // give the controller the new PID values
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 157 }
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 158 }
maetugr 31:872d8b8c7812 159
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 160 int main() { // main programm for initialisation and debug output
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 161 NVIC_SetPriority(TIMER3_IRQn, 1); // set priorty of tickers below hardware interrupts (standard priority is 0)(this is to prevent the RC interrupt from waiting until ticker is finished)
maetugr 15:753c5d6a63b3 162
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 163 #ifdef PC_CONNECTED
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 164 // init screen
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 165 pc.locate(10,5);
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 166 pc.printf("Flybed v0.2");
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 167 #endif
maetugr 1:5a64632b1eb9 168 LEDs.roll(2);
maetugr 5:818c0668fd2d 169
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 170 Gyro.calibrate(50, 0.02);
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 171 Acc.calibrate(50, 0.02);
maetugr 33:fd98776b6cc7 172
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 173 // Start!
maetugr 2:93f703d2c4d7 174 GlobalTimer.start();
maetugr 28:ba6ca9f4def4 175 Dutycycler.attach(&dutycycle, RATE); // start to process all RATEms
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 176
maetugr 12:67a06c9b69d5 177 while(1) {
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 178 #ifdef PC_CONNECTED
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 179 if (pc.readable()) // Get Serial input (polled because interrupts disturb I2C)
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 180 pc.readcommand(&commandexecuter);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 181 //pc.printf("%f %f %f %f %f %f\r\n", IMU.angle[0], IMU.angle[1], IMU.angle[2], controller_value[0], controller_value[1], controller_value[2]); // For live plot in MATLAB of IMU
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 182 //pc.printf("%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f\r\n", IMU.angle[0], IMU.angle[1], IMU.angle[2], controller_value[0], controller_value[1], controller_value[2]);
maetugr 37:34917f7c10ae 183 #if 1 //pc.cls();
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 184 pc.locate(20,0); // PC output
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 185 pc.printf("dt:%3.5fs dt_sensors:%3.5fs Altitude:%6.1fm ", dt, dt_read_sensors, Alt.CalcAltitude(Alt.Pressure));
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 186 pc.locate(5,1);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 187 if(armed)
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 188 pc.printf("ARMED!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 189 else
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 190 pc.printf("DIS_ARMED ");
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 191 pc.locate(5,3);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 192 pc.printf("Roll:%6.1f Pitch:%6.1f Yaw:%6.1f ", IMU.angle[0], IMU.angle[1], IMU.angle[2]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 193 pc.locate(5,4);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 194 pc.printf("q0:%6.1f q1:%6.1f q2:%6.1f q3:%6.1f ", IMU.q0, IMU.q1, IMU.q2, IMU.q3);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 195 pc.locate(5,5);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 196 pc.printf("Gyro.data: X:%6.1f Y:%6.1f Z:%6.1f", Gyro.data[0], Gyro.data[1], Gyro.data[2]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 197 pc.locate(5,6);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 198 pc.printf("Acc.data: X:%6.1f Y:%6.1f Z:%6.1f", Acc.data[0], Acc.data[1], Acc.data[2]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 199
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 200 pc.locate(5,8);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 201 pc.printf("P:%6.1f I:%6.1f D:%6.1f ", P, I, D);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 202
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 203 pc.locate(5,11);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 204 pc.printf("PID Result:");
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 205 for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 206 pc.printf(" %d: %6.1f", i, controller_value[i]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 207 pc.locate(5,14);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 208 pc.printf("RC angle: roll: %f pitch: %f yaw: %f ", RC_angle[0], RC_angle[1], RC_angle[2]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 209 pc.locate(5,16);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 210 pc.printf("Motor: 0:%d 1:%d 2:%d 3:%d ", (int)MIX.Motor_speed[0], (int)MIX.Motor_speed[1], (int)MIX.Motor_speed[2], (int)MIX.Motor_speed[3]);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 211
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 212 // RC
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 213 pc.locate(10,19);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 214 pc.printf("RC0: %4d RC1: %4d RC2: %4d RC3: %4d ", RC[0].read(), RC[1].read(), RC[2].read(), RC[3].read());
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 215
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 216 pc.locate(10,21);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 217 pc.printf("Commandline: %s ", pc.command);
maetugr 35:2a9465fedb99 218 #endif
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 219 #endif
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 220 if(armed){
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 221 LEDs.rollnext();
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 222 } else {
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 223 for(int i=1;i<=4;i++)
maetugr 26:96a072233d7a 224 LEDs.set(i);
maetugr 21:c2a2e7cbabdd 225 }
maetugr 29:8b7362a2ee14 226 wait(0.05);
maetugr 0:0c4fafa398b4 227 }
maetugr 28:ba6ca9f4def4 228 }