PPP-Blinky - Small Internet Protocol Stack using a standard se…

Users » nixnax » Code » PPP-Blinky

Nicolas Nackel / Mbed 2 deprecated PPP-Blinky

Small Internet Protocol Stack using a standard serial port.

PPP-Blinky - TCP/IP Networking Over a Serial Port

Note: The source code is at the bottom of this page.

/media/uploads/nixnax/blinky-connected.gif
A Windows desktop showing PPP-Blinky in the network connections list.

Describe PPP-Blinky in Three Sentences

PPP-Blinky is a tiny library that enables Internet protocols (IPv4) to any mbed target hardware by using only a serial port.

The code runs on processors with as little as 8k RAM, for example the Nucleo-L053R8 board.

PPP-Blinky uses the industry-standard PPP (Point-to-Point) Protocol and a tiny "stateless" TCP/IP stack.

No Ethernet Port Required

No ethernet port is required - PPP-Blinky uses a serial port to send IP packets to your PC.

PPP-Blinky emulates a standard dial-up modem and therefore connects to Windows, Linux or Adroid machines.

The code runs on most ARM mbed platforms such as the LPC11U24 shown in the picture below:

/media/uploads/nixnax/blinky-to-laptop1.jpg mbed LPC11u24 acting as a webserver to a Windows laptop.

Webserver

The Webserver and WebSocket functions are ideal for building browser-based GUIs on mbed-enabled hardware.

PPP-Blinky's HTTP webserver works with most web clients such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, Curl, wget and Lynx as well as Microsoft Powershell Invoke-Webrequest command.

In the image below Firefox web browser displays the main web page embedded into PPP-Blinky's code:

/media/uploads/nixnax/ppp-blinky-firefox.jpg Firefox web browser displays a web page embedded into PPP-Blinky's code

WebSocket Service

WebSocket is the most popular protocol standard for real-time bidirectional TCP/IP communication between clients and servers.
In the image below a small Internet Explorer script has connected to PPP-Blinky's WebSocket Service.
A websocket message was then sent by the browser and was echoed back by the WebSocket, triggering the onmessage event in the script.
The WebSocket service enables bidirectional real-time interaction between PPP-Blinky and any element in the browser DOM via JavaScript.
If you already have PPP-Blinky up and running you can test your WebSocket service using this: http://jsfiddle.net/d26cyuh2/112/embedded/result
Websockets are ideal for building browser-based GUIs for mbed hardware.

/media/uploads/nixnax/ppp-blinky-websocke-2.gif

Trying PPP-Blinky on your mbed board

You will need an mbed-enabled hardware board: https://developer.mbed.org/platforms/

Establish a serial port connection between your host PC and your mbed board. The easiest way is to use mbed hardware with a USB serial debug port. I've tried the ST-Micro Nucleo-L476RG, Nucleo-L152RE, Nucleo-F401RE, Nucleo-L432KC, Nucleo-L053R8, mbed-LPC11U24 and mbed-LPC1768 boards and they all work out of the box. Use the mbed online compiler to compile the software for your target board. Save the compiled binary to your hardware.

Before establishing a network connection, you can verify the operation of the code by opening a terminal program such as Tera Term, and setting the baud rate of the COM port on your mbed board to 115200 baud. LED1 should toggle for every two 0x7E (~) (i.e. tilde) characters you type, as 0x7E is the PPP frame start/end marker. Don't forget to close the port when your'e done testing, or else Windows Dial-up Networking will report that the COM port is in use by another program when you try to connect.

Once you are certain that the serial port and firmware is working, proceed to creating a new network connection on your PC -see below.

Creating a Dial-up Connection in Windows

/media/uploads/nixnax/modem.jpg

Setting up Dial-Up Networking (DUN) on your Windows 7 or 8 PC is essentially a two-step process: First, you create a new modem device, because PPP-blinky partially emulates a standard Windows serial port modem device. Second, you create a new Internet connection (in practice, a new network adapter) which is associated with your new "modem".

Step-by-step description of how to configure Windows for PPP-Blinky here:

/users/nixnax/code/PPP-Blinky/wiki/Configuring-Windows-Dial-Up-Networking

There is also a screen on how to set up Linux dial-up networking near the bottom of this page.

Connecting to PPP-Blinky from your PC

Once Windows networking is configured you can establish a dial-up connection to your mbed board over the USB virtual com port.

The IP address you manually assigned to the new dial-up network adapter (172.10.10.1) functions as a gateway to any valid IP address on that subnet. In the screen capture below, I'm sending pings from the Windows 8 command line to my ST-Micro Nucleo-L476RG board over the USB virtual serial Port. I'm also using a second serial port and Tera Term to capture the debug output from a second serial port on the hardware. The optional debug output from the board prints out the IP source and destination address and the first few bytes of the data payload. Note that the source is the adapter IP address, (172.10.10.1 in this case) and the destination is some other address on that subnet - all packets to the subnet are sent to our mbed hardware. For example, you could also ping 172.10.10.123 or, if your PPP-Blinky is running, simply click on this link: http://172.10.10.123

/media/uploads/nixnax/ping-cap-3.gif

One Million Pings!

In the image below the ICMP ("ping") echo reply service was tested by sending one million pings to ppp-Blinky. This took over two hours.
The ping tool used on the Windows 8 PC was psping.exe from PsTools by Mark Russinovich - http://bit.ly/PingFast
The average reply time for a short ping (1 byte of payload data) was 11 milliseconds at 115200 baud on the $10 Nucleo-L053R8 board - barely enough time for 130 bytes to be sent over the port!

/media/uploads/nixnax/ppp-blinky-ping-results.jpg

Monitoring PPP-Blinky Packets

The image below is from a Microsoft Network Monitor 3.4 capture session.

Responses from PPP-Blinky are shown in blue.

Frame 2 - Internet Explorer at IP 172.10.10.1 (the Dial-Up Adapter IP) requests a TCP connection by sending an S (SYN) flag.
Frame 3 - PPP-Blinky at IP 172.10.10.2 responds with an ACK in frame 3. One direction of the link is now established.
Frame 4 - The PC acknowledges the SYN sent by PPP-Blinky in frame 3. The TCP link is now fully established.
Frame 5 - The browser "pushes" (P flag is set) an HTTP GET request to PPP-Blinky.
Frame 6 - PPP-Blinky responds with a standard HTTP response "pushes" (P flag set) back a small web page. It also sets the A (ACK) flag to acknowledge the message sent in frame 6.
Frame 7 - The PC acknowledges reception of the HTTP payload.
Frame 8 - The PC starts to shut down the TCP connection by sending a FIN flag.
Frame 9 - PPP-Blinky acknowledges the FIN request - the connection is now closed in one direction. It also sets a FIN flag in the response to request closure of the opposite direction of the connection.
Frame 10 - The PC acknowledges the FIN request. The closing of the TCP connection is now confirmed in both directions.

/media/uploads/nixnax/ms-network-monitor-http-get-1.gif

Debug Output

PPP-Blinky can output handy debug information to an optional second serial port.
The image below shows the debug output (Ident, Source, Destination, TCP Flags) for a complete HTTP conversation.
The PC messages are displayed in black. PPP-Blinky messages are blue.
Notice how PPP-blinky automatically inserts a blank line after each full HTTP conversation.

/media/uploads/nixnax/tcp-data-3.gif

Creating a Dial-Up Connection in Linux

The screen below shows the required pppd command to connect to PPP-Blinky from a Linux machine. This was much simpler than Windows! The USB serial port of the mbed LPC1768 board registered as /dev/ttyACM0 on my Linux box. Do a websearch on pppd if you want to learn more about pppd, the Linux PPP handler. Near the bottom of the screen below, two webpages are fetched (/ and /y) by using the curl command on the command line. Gnome Webkit and Firefox work fine, too. Also try echo GET / HTTP/1.1 | nc 172.10.10.2 which uses netcat, the "Swiss army knife" of networking tools. PPP-Blinky was also tested with ApacheBench, the Apache server benchmark software. After 100000 fetches, the mean page fetch rate was reported as 6 page fetches per second for a small page.

/media/uploads/nixnax/pppd-screen.png

Caveats

PPP Blinky is an extremely sparse implementation (1.5k lines) of HTTP,WebSocket,TCP, UDP, ICMP, IPCP and LCP over PPP, requiring around 8kB of RAM. The minimum functionality required to establish connectivity is implemented. These are often acceptable tradeoffs for embedded projects as well as a handy tool to learn the practical details of everyday networking implementations.

PPP-Blinky/ppp-blinky.cpp@261:272ec8e2a7d4, 2019-08-16 (annotated)

Committer:: nixnax
Date:: Fri Aug 16 05:30:58 2019 +0000
Revision:: 261:272ec8e2a7d4
Parent:: 260:2c9a01c9d03e
Child:: 262:c044fed611aa

Make mbed-code field in websocket response optional.

Who changed what in which revision?

User	Revision	Line number	New contents of line
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	1	// PPP-Blinky - "The Most Basic Internet Thing"
nixnax	259:f694046fc06f	2	// A Tiny IPv4 Stack and HTTP Webserver Using Windows XP/7/8/10/Linux Dial-Up Networking Over A Serial Port.
nixnax	259:f694046fc06f	3	// Aka PPP over serial (PPPOS)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	4	// Receives UDP packets and responds to ping (ICMP Echo requests)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	5	// WebSocket Service - see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSocket
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	6
nixnax	256:16543c8dd55c	7	// Copyright 2016/2017/2018/2019 Nicolas Nackel aka Nixnax. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	8
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	9	// Notes and Instructions
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	10	// http://bit.ly/PPP-Blinky-Instructions
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	11	// http://bit.ly/win-rasdial-config
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	12
nixnax	201:9fcf92e9f427	13	// Important - ensure that you are using the latest mbed firmware for your specific mbed target board
nixnax	201:9fcf92e9f427	14
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	15	// Handy reading material
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	16	// https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc957992.aspx
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	17	// https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Serial_Programming/IP_Over_Serial_Connections
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	18	// http://atari.kensclassics.org/wcomlog.htm
nixnax	249:9ff0e20325f7	19	// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favicon (see also html5 <link> tag)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	20
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	21	// Handy tools
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	22	// https://ttssh2.osdn.jp/index.html.en - Tera Term, a good terminal program to monitor the debug output from the second serial port with!
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	23	// https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=4865 - Microsoft network monitor - real-time monitoring of PPP packets
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	24	// http://pingtester.net/ - nice tool for high rate ping testing
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	25	// http://www.sunshine2k.de/coding/javascript/crc/crc_js.html - Correctly calculates the 16-bit FCS (crc) on our frames (Choose CRC16_CCITT_FALSE), then custom relected-in=1, reflected-out=1
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	26	// https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/pstools.aspx - psping for fast testing of ICMP ping function
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	27	// https://eternallybored.org/misc/netcat/ - use netcat -u 172.10.10.1 80 to send/receive UDP packets from PPP-Blinky
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	28	// Windows Powershell invoke-webrequest command - use it to stress test the webserver like this: while (1){ invoke-webrequest -uri 172.10.10.1/x }
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	29
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	30	// Connecting PPP-Blinky to Linux
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	31	// PPP-Blinky can be made to talk to Linux - tested on Fedora - the following command, which uses pppd, works:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	32	// pppd /dev/ttyACM0 115200 debug dump local passive noccp novj nodetach nocrtscts 172.10.10.1:172.10.10.2
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	33	// in the above command 172.10.10.1 is the adapter IP, and 172.10.10.2 is the IP of PPP-Blinky.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	34	// See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol_daemon
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	35
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	36	// Special pages when PPP-Blinky is running
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	37	// 172.10.10.2 root page
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	38	// 172.10.10.2/x returns the number of ppp frames sent - this is handy for testing
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	39	// 172.10.10.2/xb also returns number of ppp frames sent, but issues a fast refresh meta command. This allows you to use your browser to benchmark page load speed
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	40	// 172.10.10.2/ws a simple WebSocket demo
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	41	// http://jsfiddle.net/d26cyuh2/ more complete WebSocket demo in JSFiddle, showing cross-domain access
nixnax	207:28cd834b785d	42
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	43	// Ok, enough talking, time to check out some code!!
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	44
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	45	#include "ppp-blinky.h"
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	46
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	47	// The #define below enables/disables a second (OPTIONAL) serial port that prints out interesting diagnostic messages.
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	48	// Change to SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES to enable diagnostics messages. You need to wire a second serial port to your mbed hardware to monitor the debug output.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	49	// Using the second serial port will slow down packet response time
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	50	// Note - the LPC11U24 does NOT have a second serial port
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	51
nixnax	183:6d3ba874b267	52	#define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO /* change to SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES for debug messages */
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	53
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	54	// here we define the OPTIONAL, second debug serial port for various mbed target boards
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	55	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	56	#if defined(TARGET_LPC1768)
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	57	RawSerial xx(p9, p10); // Second serial port on LPC1768 - not required to run, if you get compile error here, change #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES to #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	58	#elif defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_F446RE) \|\| defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_L152RE) \|\| defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_L053R8) \|\| defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_L476RG) \|\| defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_F401RE)
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	59	RawSerial xx(PC_10, PC_11); // Second serial port on NUCLEO boards - not required to run, if you get compile error here, change #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES to #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO
nixnax	196:8791e241be80	60	#elif defined(TARGET_NUCLEO_L432KC)
nixnax	196:8791e241be80	61	RawSerial xx(PA_9, PA_10); // Second serial port on NUCLEO-L432KC - not required to run, if you get compile error here, change #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES to #define SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	62	#elif defined(TARGET_LPC11U24)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	63	#error The LPC11U24 does not have a second serial port to use for debugging - change SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES back to SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	64	#elif defined (TARGET_KL46Z) \|\| (TARGET_KL25Z)
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	65	RawSerial xx(PTE0,PTE1); // Second serial port on FRDM-KL46Z board
nixnax	193:48072570f41d	66	#elif defined(TARGET_KW41Z)
nixnax	194:5b23ebfb3626	67	RawSerial xx(PTC3, PTC2); // Second serial port on FRDM-KW41Z board
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	68	#elif defined(YOUR_TARGET_BOARD_NAME_HERE)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	69	// change the next line to YOUR target board's second serial port pin definition if it's not present - and if it works, please send it to me - thanks!!!
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	70	RawSerial xx(p9, p10); // change this to YOUR board's second serial port pin definition - and please send it to me if it works!!!
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	71	#else
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	72	#error Add your target board's second serial port here if you want to use debugging - or simply change SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES to SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_NO
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	73	#endif
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	74	#define debugPrintf(x...) xx.printf (x) /* if we have a serial port we can print debug messages */
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	75	#define debugPutc(x...) xx.putc(x)
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	76	#define debugPuts(x...) xx.puts(x)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	77	#define debugBaudRate(x...) xx.baud(x)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	78	#else
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	79	// if we don't have a debug port the debug print functions do nothing
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	80	#define debugPrintf(x...) {}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	81	#define debugPutc(x...) {}
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	82	#define debugPuts(x...) {}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	83	#define debugBaudRate(x...) {}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	84	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	85
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	86	// verbosity flags used in debug printouts - change to 1 to see increasingly more detailed debug info.
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	87	#define v0 1
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	88	#define v1 0
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	89	#define v2 0
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	90	#define IP_HEADER_DUMP_YES /* YES for ip header dump */
nixnax	182:f039ec218c9f	91	#define TCP_HEADER_DUMP_YES /* YES for tcp header dump */
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	92	#define DUMP_RECEIVED_PPP_FRAMES_NO /* YES to dump received PPP frames */
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	93
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	94	// below is the webpage we serve when we get an HTTP request to root (/)
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	95	// keep size under ~1400 bytes to fit into a single PPP packet
nixnax	249:9ff0e20325f7	96	// the <link rel="icon" ...> tag stops browsers from asking for file favicon.ico
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	97
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	98	const static char rootWebPage[] = "\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	99	<!DOCTYPE html>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	100	<html>\
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	101	<!--Comment-->\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	102	<head>\
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	103	<title>mbed PPP-Blinky</title>\r\n\
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	104	<link rel=\"icon\" href=\"data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAP8AAAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=\">\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	105	<style>\
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	106	body {font-family:sans-serif; font-size:140%; text-align:center; color:#807070;}\
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	107	</style>\r\n\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	108	</head>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	109	<body>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	110	<h1>mbed PPP-Blinky Up and Running</h1>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	111	<h1><a href=\"http://bit.ly/pppBlink2\">Source on mbed</a></h1>\
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	112	<h1><a href=\"/w\">WebSocket Test</a></h1>\
nixnax	245:544cea761769	113	<h1><a href=\"/x?Parameter1=Example\">Benchmark 1</a></h1>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	114	<h1><a href=\"/xb\">Benchmark 2</a></h1>\
nixnax	257:1990a41a1e31	115	<h1><a href=\"http://bit.ly/websocket-demo-jsfiddle\">JSFiddle Demo</a></h1>\
nixnax	252:b3c8c5699153	116	<h1>TCP, LCP & Ping Count: 0000000000</h1>\
nixnax	254:7345c9a6f4c2	117	<h1>System Core Clock: 0000000000</h1>\
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	118	</body>\
nixnax	257:1990a41a1e31	119	</html>\r\n"; // size = 682 bytes + 1 null byte = 683 bytes
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	120
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	121	// this is a websocket demo html page we serve when GET /ws is requested
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	122	// it contains some javascript to handle the websocket activities
nixnax	249:9ff0e20325f7	123	// the <link rel="icon" ...> tag stops browsers from asking for file favicon.ico
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	124	const static char webSocketPage[] = "\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	125	<!DOCTYPE html>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	126	<html>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	127	<head>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	128	<title>mbed PPP-Blinky WebSocket</title>\
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	129	<link rel=\"icon\" href=\"data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAP8AAAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=\">\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	130	<script>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	131	window.onload=function(){\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	132	var url=\"ws://172.10.10.2\";\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	133	var sts=document.getElementById(\"sts\");\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	134	var btn=document.getElementById(\"btn\");\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	135	var ctr=0;\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	136	function show(text){sts.textContent=text;}\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	137	btn.onclick=function(){\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	138	if(btn.textContent==\"Connect\"){\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	139	x=new WebSocket(url);\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	140	x.onopen=function(){\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	141	show(\"Connected to PPP-Blinky WebSocket service at: \"+url);\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	142	btn.textContent=\"Send \\\"\"+ctr+\"\\\"\";\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	143	};\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	144	x.onclose=function(){show(\"WebSocket closed\");};\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	145	x.onmessage=function(msg){show(\"PPP-Blinky WebSocket service responded with: \\\"\"+msg.data+\"\\\"\");};\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	146	} else {\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	147	x.send(ctr);\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	148	ctr=ctr+1;\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	149	btn.textContent=\"Send \\\"\"+ctr+\"\\\"\";\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	150	}\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	151	};\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	152	};\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	153	</script>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	154	<style>\
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	155	body {font-family:sans-serif; font-size:140%; text-align:center; color:#807070;}\
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	156	button {font-size:140%; background-color:#7eeeee; border-radius:15px; border:none; margin-top:20px; }\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	157	</style>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	158	<body>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	159	<h1>mbed PPP-Blinky WebSocket Test</h1>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	160	<h1><div id=\"sts\">Idle</div><h1>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	161	<button id=\"btn\">Connect</button>\
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	162	</body>\
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	163	</html>"; // size = 1037 bytes + 1 null byte = 1038 bytes
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	164
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	165	// The serial port on your mbed hardware. Your PC should be configured to view this port as a standard dial-up networking modem.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	166	// On Windows the model type of the modem should be selected as "Communications cable between two computers"
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	167	// The modem baud rate should be set to 115200 baud
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	168	// See instructions at the top.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	169	// On a typical mbed hardware platform this serial port is a USB virtual com port (VCP) and the USB serial driver is supplied by the board vendor.
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	170	RawSerial pc (USBTX, USBRX); // usb virtual com port for mbed hardware
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	171
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	172	DigitalOut led1(LED1); // this led toggles when a packet is received
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	173
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	174	pppType ppp; // our global - definitely not thread safe
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	175
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	176	/// Initialize the ppp structure and clear the receive buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	177	void pppInitStruct()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	178	{
nixnax	223:917b554cb8a5	179	memset( (void *)ppp.rx.buf, 0, RXBUFLEN+1); // one extra byte at the end which always remains zero so strstr() cannot exceed the buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	180	ppp.online=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	181	ppp.rx.tail=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	182	ppp.rx.rtail=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	183	ppp.rx.head=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	184	ppp.rx.buflevel=0;
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	185	ppp.rx.maxbuflevel=0;
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	186	ppp.rx.bufferfull=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	187	ppp.pkt.len=0;
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	188	ppp.ipData.ident=10000; // easy to recognize in ip packet dumps
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	189	ppp.ledState=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	190	ppp.hdlc.frameStartIndex=0;
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	191	ppp.responseCounter=0;
nixnax	239:426e50519204	192	ppp.pingCount=0; // number of ICMP pings we have received
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	193	ppp.firstFrame=1;
nixnax	175:b4e6f8a6fe00	194	ppp.ppp = (pppHeaderType *)ppp.pkt.buf; // pointer to ppp header
nixnax	175:b4e6f8a6fe00	195	ppp.ip = (ipHeaderType *)(ppp.pkt.buf+4); // pointer to IP header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	196	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	197
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	198	/// Toggle the LED on every second PPP packet received
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	199	void led1Toggle()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	200	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	201	led1 = (ppp.ledState >> 1) & 1; // use second bit, in other words toggle LED only every second packet
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	202	ppp.ledState++;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	203	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	204
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	205	/// Returns 1 after a connect message, 0 at startup or after a disconnect message
nixnax	150:3366bf3d294e	206	int connectedPpp()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	207	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	208	return ppp.online;
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	209	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	210
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	211	/// PPP serial port receive interrupt handler.
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	212	/// Check for available characters from the PC and read them into our own circular serial receive buffer at ppp.rx.buf.
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	213	/// Also, if we are offline and a 0x7e frame start character is seen, we go online immediately
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	214	void pppReceiveHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	215	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	216	char ch;
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	217	while ( pc.readable() ) {
nixnax	223:917b554cb8a5	218	int localHead = (ppp.rx.head+1); // local head index
nixnax	223:917b554cb8a5	219	if (localHead > RXBUFLEN) localHead=0; // increment and wrap head index
nixnax	223:917b554cb8a5	220	if ( localHead == ppp.rx.rtail ) {
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	221	ppp.rx.bufferfull = 1; // set flag if rx buffer is full
nixnax	252:b3c8c5699153	222	#define BUFFER_FULL_TRAP_YES
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	223	#ifdef BUFFER_FULL_TRAP_YES
nixnax	243:24f899297799	224	while(1) {
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	225	led1Toggle(); // flash LED at a slow rate to indicate buffer overfloe
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	226	wait_ms(150);
nixnax	243:24f899297799	227	}
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	228	#else
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	229	return; // don't read if rx buffer is full
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	230	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	231	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	232	ch = pc.getc(); // read new character
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	233	ppp.rx.buf[ppp.rx.head] = ch; // insert in our receive buffer
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	234	if (ch == 0x7E) { // check for ppp frame start character
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	235	ppp.online = 1; // if we see a frame sync character we immediately change status to online
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	236	}
nixnax	223:917b554cb8a5	237	ppp.rx.head = localHead; // update real head pointer
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	238	ppp.rx.buflevel++; // update buffer level counter
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	239	if ( ppp.rx.buflevel > ppp.rx.maxbuflevel ) {
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	240	ppp.rx.maxbuflevel = ppp.rx.buflevel; // remember the maximum usage of rx buffer
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	241	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	242	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	243	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	244
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	245	/// update the cumulative PPP FCS (frame check sequence)
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	246	void fcsDo(register int x)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	247	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	248	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	249	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	250	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	251	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	252	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	253	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	254	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	255	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	256	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	257	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	258	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	259	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	260	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	220:54f45f924707	261	x>>=1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	262	ppp.fcs=((ppp.fcs^x)&1) ? (ppp.fcs>>1)^0x8408 : ppp.fcs>>1;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	263	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	264
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	265	/// calculate the PPP FCS (frame check sequence) on an entire block of memory
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	266	int fcsBuf(char * buf, int size) // crc on an entire block of memory
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	267	{
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	268	ppp.fcs=0xffff; // fcs initial value
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	269	for(int i=0; i<size; i++)fcsDo(*buf++);
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	270	return ppp.fcs;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	271	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	272
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	273	/// Get one character from our received PPP buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	274	int pc_getBuf()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	275	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	276	int x = ppp.rx.buf[ ppp.rx.tail ];
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	277	int temptail = ppp.rx.tail+1;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	278	if (temptail > RXBUFLEN) temptail=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	279	ppp.rx.buflevel--;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	280	ppp.rx.tail = temptail;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	281	return x;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	282	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	283
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	284	/// Dump a PPP frame to the debug serial port
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	285	/// Note - the hex output of dumpPPPFrame() can be imported into WireShark
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	286	/// Capture the frame's hex output in your terminal program and save as a text file
nixnax	164:c3de3d212c4b	287	/// In WireShark, use "Import Hex File". Import options are: Offset=None, Protocol=PPP.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	288	void dumpPPPFrame()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	289	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	290	char pbuf[100];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	291	for(int i=0; i<ppp.pkt.len; i++) {
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	292
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	293	sprintf(pbuf, "%02x ", ppp.pkt.buf[i]);
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	294
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	295	debugPuts(pbuf);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	296	}
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	297
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	298	sprintf(pbuf, " CRC=%04x Len=%d\n", ppp.pkt.crc, ppp.pkt.len);
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	299
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	300	debugPuts(pbuf);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	301	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	302
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	303	/// Process a received PPP frame
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	304	void processPPPFrame(int start, int end)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	305	{
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	306	led1Toggle(); // change led1 state on received frames
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	307	if(start==end) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	308	return; // empty frame
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	309	}
nixnax	260:2c9a01c9d03e	310	ppp.pingCount++; // count any non-empty frame
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	311	ppp.fcs=0xffff; // fcs initial value
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	312	char * dest = ppp.pkt.buf;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	313	ppp.pkt.len=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	314	int unstuff=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	315	int idx = start;
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	316	char bufchar;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	317	while(1) {
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	318	bufchar = ppp.rx.buf[idx];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	319	if (unstuff==0) {
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	320	if (bufchar==0x7d) unstuff=1;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	321	else {
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	322	*dest = bufchar;
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	323	fcsDo(*dest);
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	324	dest++;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	325	ppp.pkt.len++;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	326	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	327	} else { // unstuff characters prefixed with 0x7d
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	328	*dest = bufchar^0x20;
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	329	fcsDo(*dest);
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	330	dest++;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	331	ppp.pkt.len++;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	332	unstuff=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	333	}
nixnax	216:e3c5a5b47295	334	idx = idx+1;
nixnax	216:e3c5a5b47295	335	if (idx > RXBUFLEN) idx=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	336	if (idx == end) break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	337	}
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	338	ppp.pkt.crc = ppp.fcs & 0xffff;
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	339	#ifdef DUMP_RECEIVED_PPP_FRAMES_YES
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	340	dumpPPPFrame(); // hex dump ALL ppp frames to the debug port
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	341	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	342	if (ppp.pkt.crc == 0xf0b8) { // check for good CRC
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	343	determinePacketType();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	344	} else {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	345	#define REPORT_FCS_ERROR_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	346	#ifdef REPORT_FCS_ERROR_YES
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	347	char pbuf[100]; // local print buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	348	sprintf(pbuf, "\nPPP FCS(crc) Error CRC=%x Length = %d\n",ppp.pkt.crc,ppp.pkt.len); // print a debug line
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	349	debugPuts( pbuf );
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	350	#define DUMP_PPP_FRAME_ON_ERROR_NO
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	351	#ifdef DUMP_PPP_FRAME_ON_ERROR_YES
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	352	dumpPPPFrame(); // dump frames with errors in them
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	353	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	354	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	355	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	356	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	357
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	358	/// do PPP HDLC-like handling of special (flag) characters
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	359	void hdlcPut(int ch)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	360	{
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	361	if ( (ch<0x20) \|\| (ch==0x7d) \|\| (ch==0x7e) /* \|\| (ch>0x7f) */ ) {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	362	pc.putc(0x7d);
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	363	pc.putc(ch^0x20); // these characters need special handling
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	364	} else {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	365	pc.putc(ch);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	366	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	367	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	368
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	369	/// send a PPP frame in HDLC format
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	370	void sendPppFrame()
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	371	{
nixnax	172:449dd7a28955	372	ppp.responseCounter++; // count the number of ppp frames we send
nixnax	145:098b6ed2f7f2	373	int crc = fcsBuf(ppp.pkt.buf, ppp.pkt.len-2); // update crc
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	374	ppp.pkt.buf[ ppp.pkt.len-2 ] = (~crc>>0); // fcs lo (crc)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	375	ppp.pkt.buf[ ppp.pkt.len-1 ] = (~crc>>8); // fcs hi (crc)
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	376	pc.putc(0x7e); // hdlc start-of-frame "flag"
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	377	for(int i=0; i<ppp.pkt.len; i++) {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	378	// wait_us(86); // wait one character time
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	379
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	380	hdlcPut( ppp.pkt.buf[i] ); // send a character
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	381	}
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	382	pc.putc(0x7e); // hdlc end-of-frame "flag"
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	383	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	384
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	385	/// convert a network ip address in the buffer to an integer (IP adresses are big-endian, i.e most significant byte first)
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	386	int bufferToIP(char * buffer)
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	387	{
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	388	int result=0;
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	389	for(int i=0; i<4; i++) result = (result<<8)\|(*buffer++ & 0xff);
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	390	return result;
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	391	}
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	392
nixnax	177:dab9e685af53	393	/// convert 4-byte ip address to 32-bit
nixnax	228:7fb878500862	394	unsigned int integersToIp( int a, int b, int c, int d)
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	395	{
nixnax	177:dab9e685af53	396	return a<<24 \| b<<16 \| c<<8 \| d;
nixnax	177:dab9e685af53	397	}
nixnax	177:dab9e685af53	398
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	399	/// handle IPCP configuration requests
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	400	void ipcpConfigRequestHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	401	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	402	debugPuts("Their IPCP Config Req, Our Ack\n");
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	403	if(ppp.ipcp->request[0]==3) {
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	404	ppp.hostIP = bufferToIP(ppp.pkt.buf+10);
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	405	debugPrintf("Host IP = %d.%d.%d.%d (%08x)\n", ppp.ipcp->request[2],ppp.ipcp->request[3],ppp.ipcp->request[4],ppp.ipcp->request[5],ppp.hostIP);
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	406	}
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	407
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	408	ppp.ipcp->code=2; // change code to ack
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	409	sendPppFrame(); // acknowledge everything they ask for - assume it's IP addresses
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	410
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	411	debugPuts("Our IPCP Ask (no options)\n");
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	412	ppp.ipcp->code=1; // change code to request
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	413	ppp.ipcp->lengthR = __REV16( 4 ); // 4 is minimum length - no options in this request
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	414	ppp.pkt.len=4+4+2; // no options in this request shortest ipcp packet possible (4 ppp + 4 ipcp + 2 crc)
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	415	sendPppFrame(); // send our request
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	416	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	417
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	418	/// handle IPCP acknowledge (do nothing)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	419	void ipcpAckHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	420	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	421	debugPuts("Their IPCP Grant\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	422	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	423
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	424	/// Handle IPCP NACK by sending our suggested IP address if there is an IP involved.
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	425	/// This is how Linux responds to an IPCP request with no options - Windows assumes any IP address on the submnet is OK.
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	426	void ipcpNackHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	427	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	428	debugPuts("Their IPCP Nack\n");
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	429	if (ppp.ipcp->request[0]==3) { // check if the NACK contains an IP address parameter
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	430	ppp.ipcp->code=1; // assume the NACK contains our "suggested" IP address
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	431	sendPppFrame(); // let's request this IP address as ours
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	432	debugPuts("Our IPCP ACK (received an IP)\n");
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	433	} else { // if it's not an IP nack we ignore it
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	434	debugPuts("IPCP Nack Ignored\n");
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	435	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	436	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	437
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	438	/// handle all other IPCP requests (by ignoring them)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	439	void ipcpDefaultHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	440	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	441	debugPuts("Their IPCP Other\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	442	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	443
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	444	/// process an incoming IPCP packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	445	void IPCPframe()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	446	{
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	447	int action = ppp.ipcp->code; // packet type is here
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	448	switch (action) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	449	case 1:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	450	ipcpConfigRequestHandler();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	451	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	452	case 2:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	453	ipcpAckHandler();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	454	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	455	case 3:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	456	ipcpNackHandler();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	457	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	458	default:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	459	ipcpDefaultHandler();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	460	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	461	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	462
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	463	/// perform a 16-bit checksum. if the byte count is odd, stuff in an extra zero byte.
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	464	unsigned int dataCheckSum(char * ptr, int len, int restart)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	465	{
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	466	unsigned int i,hi,lo;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	467	unsigned char placeHolder;
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	468	if (restart) ppp.sum=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	469	if (len&1) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	470	placeHolder = ptr[len];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	471	ptr[len]=0; // if the byte count is odd, insert one extra zero byte is after the last real byte because we sum byte PAIRS
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	472	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	473	i=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	474	while ( i<len ) {
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	475
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	476	hi = ptr[i++];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	477	lo = ptr[i++];
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	478	ppp.sum = ppp.sum + ((hi<<8)\|lo);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	479	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	480	if (len&1) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	481	ptr[len] = placeHolder; // restore the extra byte we made zero
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	482	}
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	483	ppp.sum = (ppp.sum & 0xffff) + (ppp.sum>>16);
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	484	ppp.sum = (ppp.sum & 0xffff) + (ppp.sum>>16); // sum one more time to catch any carry from the carry
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	485	return ~ppp.sum;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	486	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	487
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	488	/// perform the checksum on an IP header
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	489	void IpHeaderCheckSum()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	490	{
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	491	ppp.ip->checksumR=0; // zero the checsum in the IP header
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	492	int len = 4 * ppp.ip->headerLength; // length of IP header in bytes
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	493	unsigned int sum = dataCheckSum(ppp.ipStart,len,1);
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	494	ppp.ip->checksumR = __REV16( sum ); // insert fresh checksum
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	495	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	496
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	497	/// swap the IP source and destination addresses
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	498	void swapIpAddresses()
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	499	{
nixnax	162:594729c0e5c1	500	unsigned int tempHold;
nixnax	162:594729c0e5c1	501	tempHold = ppp.ip->srcAdrR; // tempHold <- source IP
nixnax	162:594729c0e5c1	502	ppp.ip->srcAdrR = ppp.ip->dstAdrR; // source <- dest
nixnax	162:594729c0e5c1	503	ppp.ip->dstAdrR = tempHold; // dest <- tempHold*/
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	504	}
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	505
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	506	/// swap the IP source and destination ports
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	507	void swapIpPorts()
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	508	{
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	509	int headerSizeIP = 4 * (ppp.ip->headerLength); // calculate size of IP header
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	510	char * ipSrcPort = ppp.ipStart + headerSizeIP + 0; // ip source port location
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	511	char * ipDstPort = ppp.ipStart + headerSizeIP + 2; // ip destin port location
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	512	char tempHold[2];
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	513	memcpy(tempHold, ipSrcPort,2); // tempHold <- source
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	514	memcpy(ipSrcPort,ipDstPort,2); // source <- dest
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	515	memcpy(ipDstPort,tempHold, 2); // dest <- tempHold
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	516	}
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	517
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	518	/// Build the "pseudo header" required for UDP and TCP, then calculate its checksum
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	519	void checkSumPseudoHeader( unsigned int packetLength )
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	520	{
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	521	// this header contains the most important parts of the IP header, i.e. source and destination address, protocol number and data length.
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	522	pseudoIpHeaderType pseudoHeader; // create pseudo header
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	523	pseudoHeader.srcAdrR = ppp.ip->srcAdrR; // copy in ip source address
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	524	pseudoHeader.dstAdrR = ppp.ip->dstAdrR; // copy in ip dest address
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	525	pseudoHeader.zero = 0; // zero byte
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	526	pseudoHeader.protocol = ppp.ip->protocol; // protocol number (udp or tcp)
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	527	pseudoHeader.lengthR = __REV16( packetLength ); // size of tcp or udp packet
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	528	dataCheckSum(pseudoHeader.start, 12, 1); // calculate this header's checksum
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	529	}
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	530
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	531	/// initialize an IP packet to send
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	532	void initIP (unsigned int srcIp, unsigned int dstIp, unsigned int srcPort, unsigned int dstPort, unsigned int protocol)
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	533	{
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	534	ppp.ppp->address = 0xff;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	535	ppp.ppp->control = 3;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	536	ppp.ppp->protocolR = __REV16( 0x0021 );
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	537	ppp.ip->version = 4;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	538	ppp.ip->headerLength = 5; // 5 words = 20 bytes
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	539	ppp.ip->identR = __REV16(ppp.ipData.ident++); // insert our ident
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	540	ppp.ip->dontFragment=1;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	541	ppp.ip->ttl=128;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	542	ppp.ip->protocol = protocol; // udp
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	543	ppp.ip->srcAdrR = __REV(srcIp);
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	544	ppp.ip->dstAdrR = __REV(dstIp);
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	545	ppp.udpStart = ppp.ipStart + 20; // calculate start of udp header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	546	ppp.udp->srcPortR = __REV16(srcPort); // source port
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	547	ppp.udp->dstPortR = __REV16(dstPort); // dest port
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	548	}
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	549
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	550
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	551	/// Build a UDP packet from scratch
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	552	void sendUdp(unsigned int srcIp, unsigned int dstIp, unsigned int srcPort, unsigned int dstPort, char * message,int msgLen)
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	553	{
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	554	struct {
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	555	unsigned int ipAll; // length of entire ip packet
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	556	unsigned int ipHeader; // length of ip header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	557	unsigned int udpAll; // length of entire udp packet
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	558	unsigned int udpData; // length of udp data segment
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	559	} len;
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	560	len.ipHeader = 20; // ip header length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	561	len.udpData = msgLen; // udp data size
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	562	len.udpAll = len.udpData+8; // update local udp packet length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	563	len.ipAll = len.ipHeader + len.udpAll; // update IP Length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	564	initIP(srcIp, dstIp, srcPort, dstPort, 17); // init a UDP packet
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	565	ppp.ip->lengthR = __REV16(len.ipAll); // update IP length in buffer
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	566	ppp.udpStart = ppp.ipStart + len.ipHeader; // calculate start of udp header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	567	memcpy( ppp.udp->data, message, len.udpData ); // copy the message to the buffer
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	568	ppp.udp->lengthR = __REV16(len.udpAll); // update UDP length in buffer
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	569	ppp.pkt.len = len.ipAll+2+4; // update ppp packet length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	570	IpHeaderCheckSum(); // refresh IP header checksum
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	571	checkSumPseudoHeader( len.udpAll ); // get the UDP pseudo-header checksum
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	572	ppp.udp->checksumR = 0; // before TCP checksum calculations the checksum bytes must be set cleared
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	573	unsigned int pseudoHeaderSum=dataCheckSum(ppp.udpStart,len.udpAll, 0); // continue the TCP checksum on the whole TCP packet
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	574	ppp.udp->checksumR = __REV16( pseudoHeaderSum); // tcp checksum done, store it in the TCP header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	575	sendPppFrame(); // send the UDP message back
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	576	}
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	577
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	578	/// Process an incoming UDP packet.
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	579	/// If the packet starts with the string "echo " or "test" we echo back a special packet
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	580	void UDPpacket()
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	581	{
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	582	struct {
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	583	unsigned int all; // length of entire ip packet
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	584	unsigned int header; // length of ip header
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	585	} ipLength;
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	586
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	587	struct {
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	588	unsigned int all; // length of entire udp packet
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	589	unsigned int data; // length of udp data segment
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	590	} udpLength;
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	591
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	592	ipLength.header = 4 * ppp.ip->headerLength; // length of ip header
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	593	ppp.udpStart = ppp.ipStart + ipLength.header; // calculate start of udp header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	594	udpLength.all = __REV16( ppp.udp->lengthR ); // size of udp packet
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	595	udpLength.data = udpLength.all - 8; // size of udp data
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	596
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	597	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	598	char * srcIP = ppp.ip->srcAdrPtr; // IP source
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	599	char * dstIP = ppp.ip->dstAdrPtr; //IP destination
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	600
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	601	unsigned int udpSrcPort = __REV16( ppp.udp->srcPortR ); // integer of UDP source port
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	602	unsigned int udpDstPort = __REV16( ppp.udp->dstPortR ); // integer of UDP dest port
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	603
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	604	if(v0) {
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	605	debugPrintf("UDP %d.%d.%d.%d:%d ", srcIP[0],srcIP[1],srcIP[2],srcIP[3],udpSrcPort);
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	606	debugPrintf("%d.%d.%d.%d:%d ", dstIP[0],dstIP[1],dstIP[2],dstIP[3],udpDstPort);
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	607	debugPrintf("Len %03d", udpLength);
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	608	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	609	if (v1) {
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	610	int printSize = udpLength.data;
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	611	if (printSize > 20) printSize = 20; // print only first 20 characters
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	612	for (int i=0; i<printSize; i++) {
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	613	char ch = ppp.udp->data[i];
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	614	if (ch>31 && ch<127) {
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	615	debugPrintf("%c", ch);
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	616	} else {
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	617	debugPuts("_");
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	618	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	619	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	620	}
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	621	if (v0) debugPuts("\n");
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	622	#endif
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	623	int echoFound = !strncmp(ppp.udp->data,"echo ",5); // true if UDP message starts with "echo "
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	624	int testFound = !strncmp(ppp.udp->data,"test",4); // true if UDP message starts with "test"
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	625	if ( (echoFound) \|\| (testFound)) { // if the UDP message starts with "echo " or "test" we answer back
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	626	if (echoFound) {
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	627	swapIpAddresses(); // swap IP source and destination
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	628	swapIpPorts(); // swap IP source and destination ports
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	629	memcpy(ppp.udp->data,"Got{",4); // in the UDP data modify "echo" to "Got:"
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	630	int n=0;
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	631	#define IDENTIFY_UDP_SERVER_NO
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	632	#ifdef IDENTIFY_UDP_SERVER_YES
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	633	n=n+sprintf(n+ppp.udp->data+udpLength.data, "} UDP Server: PPP-Blinky\n"); // an appendix
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	634	#endif
nixnax	168:c77eb908042a	635	udpLength.data = udpLength.data + n; // update udp data size with the size of the appendix
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	636	// we may have changed data length, update all the lengths
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	637	udpLength.all = udpLength.data+8; // update local udp packet length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	638	ipLength.all = ipLength.header + udpLength.all; // update IP Length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	639	ppp.ip->lengthR = __REV16(ipLength.all); // update IP length in buffer
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	640	ppp.udp->lengthR = __REV16(udpLength.all); // update UDP length in buffer
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	641	ppp.pkt.len = ipLength.all+2+4; // update ppp packet length
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	642	IpHeaderCheckSum(); // refresh IP header checksum
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	643	checkSumPseudoHeader( udpLength.all ); // get the UDP pseudo-header checksum
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	644	ppp.udp->checksumR = 0; // before TCP checksum calculations the checksum bytes must be set cleared
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	645	unsigned int pseudoHeaderSum=dataCheckSum(ppp.udpStart,udpLength.all, 0); // continue the TCP checksum on the whole TCP packet
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	646	ppp.udp->checksumR = __REV16( pseudoHeaderSum); // tcp checksum done, store it in the TCP header
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	647	sendPppFrame(); // send the UDP message back
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	648	} else if ( testFound ) {
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	649	unsigned int sI = __REV( ppp.ip->srcAdrR );
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	650	unsigned int dI = __REV( ppp.ip->dstAdrR );
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	651	unsigned int sp = __REV16( ppp.udp->srcPortR );
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	652	unsigned int dp = __REV16( ppp.udp->dstPortR );
nixnax	172:449dd7a28955	653	int n=sprintf(ppp.pkt.buf+200,"Response Count %d\n", ppp.responseCounter);
nixnax	171:46b36d4edd1d	654	sendUdp(dI,sI,dp,sp,ppp.pkt.buf+200,n); // build a udp packet from the ground up
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	655	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	656	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	657	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	658
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	659	/// UDP demo that sends a udp packet containing a character received from the second debug serial port.
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	660	/// Sends a 48 byte IP/UDP header for every 1 byte of data so line-mode would probably be better.
nixnax	178:3f17aa0ce5ce	661	/// If you want ip packets from ppp blinky to be routed to other networks, ensure you have ip routing enabled.
nixnax	178:3f17aa0ce5ce	662	/// See http://www.wikihow.com/Enable-IP-Routing.
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	663	/// Also ensure that the firewall on the receiving machine has the receiving UDP port (12345 in this example) enabled.
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	664	/// The netcat UDP receive command on the remote host would be: nc -ul 12345
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	665	void sendUdpData()
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	666	{
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	667	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	668	if (ppp.online) {
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	669	if (xx.readable()) {
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	670	char inchar = xx.getc();
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	671	xx.putc( inchar ); // echo the received character on the debug serial port
nixnax	228:7fb878500862	672	sendUdp(integersToIp(172,10,10,2), integersToIp(192,168,0,109), 1, 12345, &inchar, 1); // send a 1 byte UDP message to a remote machine at IP 192.168.0.109:12345
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	673	}
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	674	}
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	675	#endif
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	676	}
nixnax	174:e5a3f16421a5	677
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	678	/// handle a PING ICMP (internet control message protocol) packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	679	void ICMPpacket() // internet control message protocol
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	680	{
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	681	struct {
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	682	unsigned int all; // length of entire ip packet
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	683	unsigned int header; // length of ip header
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	684	} ipLength;
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	685	struct {
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	686	unsigned int all; // length of entire udp packet
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	687	unsigned int data; // length of udp data segment
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	688	} icmpLength;
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	689	ipLength.all = __REV16( ppp.ip->lengthR ); // length of ip packet
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	690	ipLength.header = 4 * ppp.ip->headerLength; // length of ip header
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	691	ppp.icmpStart = ppp.ipStart + ipLength.header; // calculate start of udp header
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	692	icmpLength.all = ipLength.all - ipLength.header; // length of icmp packet
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	693	icmpLength.data = icmpLength.all - 8; // length of icmp data
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	694	#define ICMP_TYPE_PING_REQUEST 8
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	695	if ( ppp.icmp->type == ICMP_TYPE_PING_REQUEST ) {
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	696	ppp.ip->ttl--; // decrement time to live (so we have to update header checksum)
nixnax	253:ee1044976b2c	697	//ppp.pingCount++; // count how many times we get pinged
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	698	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	699	char * srcAdr = ppp.ip->srcAdrPtr;
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	700	char * dstAdr = ppp.ip->dstAdrPtr;
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	701	int icmpIdent = __REV16( ppp.ip->identR ); // byte reversed - big endian
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	702	int icmpSequence = __REV16( ppp.icmp->sequenceR ); // byte reversed - big endian
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	703	if(1) {
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	704	char pbuf[100];
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	705
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	706	sprintf(pbuf, "ICMP PING %d.%d.%d.%d %d.%d.%d.%d ", srcAdr[0],srcAdr[1],srcAdr[2],srcAdr[3],dstAdr[0],dstAdr[1],dstAdr[2],dstAdr[3]);
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	707	debugPuts( pbuf );
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	708
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	709	sprintf(pbuf, "Ident %04x Sequence %04d \n",icmpIdent,icmpSequence);
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	710
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	711	debugPuts( pbuf );
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	712	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	713	#endif
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	714	swapIpAddresses(); // swap the IP source and destination addresses
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	715	IpHeaderCheckSum(); // new ip header checksum (required because we changed TTL)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	716	#define ICMP_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY 0
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	717	ppp.icmp->type = ICMP_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY; // icmp echo reply
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	718	ppp.icmp->checkSumR = 0; // zero the checksum for recalculation
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	719	unsigned int sum = dataCheckSum(ppp.icmpStart, icmpLength.all, 1); // icmp checksum
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	720	ppp.icmp->checkSumR = __REV16( sum ); // save big-endian icmp checksum
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	721	#define DUMP_ICMP_PACKETS_NO
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	722	#ifdef DUMP_ICMP_PACKETS_YES
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	723	int printSize = icmpLength.data; // exclude size of icmp header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	724	if (printSize > 10) printSize = 10; // print up to 20 characters
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	725	for (int i=0; i<printSize; i++) {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	726	char ch = ppp.icmp->data[i];
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	727	if (ch>31 && ch<127) {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	728	debugPutc(ch);
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	729	} else {
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	730	debugPutc('_'); // for non-printable characters
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	731	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	732	}
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	733	debugPutc('\n');
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	734	#endif
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	735	sendPppFrame(); // reply to the ping
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	736	} else {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	737	if (v0) {
nixnax	165:c47826d07e0d	738	debugPrintf("ICMP type=%x \n", ppp.icmp->type);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	739	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	740	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	741	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	742
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	743	/// handle an IGMP (internet group managment protocol) packet (by ignoring it)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	744	void IGMPpacket()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	745	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	746	if (v0) debugPrintf("IGMP type=%d \n", ppp.pkt.buf[28]);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	747	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	748
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	749	/// dump the header of an IP pakcet on the (optional) debug serial port
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	750	void dumpHeaderIP (int outGoing)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	751	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	752	#if defined(IP_HEADER_DUMP_YES) && defined(SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES)
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	753
nixnax	155:9c6a1d249e26	754	int IPv4Id = __REV16(ppp.ip->identR);
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	755	char pbuf[100]; // local print buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	756	int n=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	757	n=n+sprintf(pbuf+n, outGoing ? "\x1b[34m" : "\x1b[30m" ); // VT100 color code, print black for incoming, blue for outgoing headers
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	758	n=n+sprintf(pbuf+n, "%05d ",IPv4Id); // IPv4Id is a good way to correlate our dumps with net monitor or wireshark traces
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	759	#define DUMP_FULL_IP_ADDRESS_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	760	#ifdef DUMP_FULL_IP_ADDRESS_YES
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	761	char * srcAdr = ppp.ip->srcAdrPtr;
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	762	char * dstAdr = ppp.ip->dstAdrPtr;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	763	n=n+sprintf(pbuf+n, " %d.%d.%d.%d %d.%d.%d.%d ",srcAdr[0],srcAdr[1],srcAdr[2],srcAdr[3], dstAdr[0],dstAdr[1],dstAdr[2],dstAdr[3]); // full ip addresses
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	764	#endif
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	765	debugPuts( pbuf );
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	766	#ifndef TCP_HEADER_DUMP_YES
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	767	debugPuts('\x1b[30m\n'); // if there's no TCP header dump we terminate the line with \n and VT100 code for black
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	768	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	769	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	770	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	771
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	772	/// dump a TCP header on the optional debug serial port
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	773	void dumpHeaderTCP(int outGoing)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	774	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	775	#if defined(TCP_HEADER_DUMP_YES) && defined(SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES)
nixnax	155:9c6a1d249e26	776	char flagString[9]; // text string presenting the 8 most important TCP flags
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	777	#define PRINT_ALL_TCP_FLAGS_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	778	#ifdef PRINT_ALL_TCP_FLAGS_YES
nixnax	155:9c6a1d249e26	779	memset(flagString,'.', 8); // fill string with "........"
nixnax	156:163c23249731	780	if (ppp.tcp->flag.fin) flagString[7]='F';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	781	if (ppp.tcp->flag.syn) flagString[6]='S';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	782	if (ppp.tcp->flag.rst) flagString[5]='R';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	783	if (ppp.tcp->flag.psh) flagString[4]='P';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	784	if (ppp.tcp->flag.ack) flagString[3]='A';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	785	if (ppp.tcp->flag.urg) flagString[2]='U';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	786	if (ppp.tcp->flag.ece) flagString[1]='E';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	787	if (ppp.tcp->flag.cwr) flagString[0]='C';
nixnax	155:9c6a1d249e26	788	flagString[8]=0; // null terminate string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	789	#else
nixnax	156:163c23249731	790	if (ppp.tcp->flag.ack) flagString[0]='A'; // choose only the most important flag to print
nixnax	156:163c23249731	791	if (ppp.tcp->flag.syn) flagString[0]='S';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	792	if (ppp.tcp->flag.fin) flagString[0]='F';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	793	if (ppp.tcp->flag.psh) flagString[0]='P';
nixnax	156:163c23249731	794	if (ppp.tcp->flag.rst) flagString[0]='R';
nixnax	155:9c6a1d249e26	795	flagString[1]=0; // null terminate string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	796	#endif
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	797	debugPuts( flagString );
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	798	#define EVERY_PACKET_ON_A_NEW_LINE_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	799	#ifdef EVERY_PACKET_ON_A_NEW_LINE_YES
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	800	debugPuts("\x1b[30m\n"); // write a black color and newline after every packet
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	801	#else
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	802	debugPuts("\x1b[30m"); // write a black color after every packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	803	#endif
nixnax	156:163c23249731	804	if( outGoing && ppp.tcp->flag.fin ) { // ACK/FIN - if this is an outgoing FIN it's the end of a tcp conversation
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	805	debugPutc('\n'); // insert an extra new line to mark the end (except for final ack) of an HTTP conversation
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	806	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	807	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	808	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	809
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	810	/// Encode a buffer in base-64
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	811	const static char lut [] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	812	void enc64(char * in, char * out, int len)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	813	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	814	int i,j,a,b,c;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	815	i=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	816	j=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	817	while(1) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	818	if (i<len) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	819	a = in[i++];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	820	out[j++] = lut[ ( (a >> 2) & 0x3f) ];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	821	} else break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	822	if (i<len) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	823	b = in[i++];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	824	out[j++] = lut[ ( (a << 4) & 0x30) \| ( (b >> 4) & 0x0f) ];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	825	out[j++] = lut[ ( (b << 2) & 0x3c) ];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	826	} else out[j++] = '=';
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	827	if (i<len) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	828	c = in[i++];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	829	j--;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	830	out[j++] = lut[ ( (b << 2) & 0x3c) \| ( (c >> 6) & 0x03) ];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	831	out[j++] = lut[ ( (c >> 0) & 0x3f) ];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	832	} else out[j++] = '=';
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	833	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	834	out[j]=0;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	835	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	836
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	837	/// Handle a request for an http websocket.
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	838	/// We end up here if we enter the following javascript in a web browser console: x = new WebSocket("ws://172.10.10.2");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	839	int webSocketHandler(char * dataStart)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	840	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	841	int n=0; // byte counter
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	842	char * key = strstr(dataStart, "Sec-WebSocket-Key:"); // search for the key in the payload
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	843	if (key != NULL) {
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	844	key = key + 18; // skip over the key ident string "Sec-WebSocket-Key:"
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	845	if (v0) debugPuts("WebSocket Request\n");
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	846	while ( strchr(lut, *key) == NULL) key++; // skip non-valid base-64 characters (whitespace)
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	847	char challenge [80];
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	848	int i=0;
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	849	char * copyTo = challenge;
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	850	while (strchr(lut, *key) != NULL) { // copy while we see valid base-64 characters
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	851	if (i++ >40) break; // prevent buffer overflow
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	852	copyTo++ = key++; // copy next valid base-64 character
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	853	}
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	854	strcpy(copyTo,"258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"); // append websocket gui code
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	855	#define DUMP_WEBSOCKET_CHALLENGE_NO
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	856	#ifdef DUMP_WEBSOCKET_CHALLENGE_YES
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	857	debugPrintf("Challenge is %s\n", challenge); // the string we hash for the challenge
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	858	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	859	char shaOutput [20]; // sha1 output
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	860	sha1( shaOutput, challenge, strlen(challenge)); // hash the challenge
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	861	char encOut[50];
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	862	enc64( shaOutput, encOut, 20); // base-64 encode
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	863	char * versionstring = strstr(dataStart, "Sec-WebSocket-Version:");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	864	char * version = challenge;
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	865	strncpy(version, versionstring,70); // copy their version string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	866	*strchr(version,'\r')=0; // null terminate so we can sprintf it
nixnax	240:d7a01533397d	867	memset(dataStart,0,500); // blank out old data before sending the websocket response header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	868	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	869	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "Upgrade: websocket\r\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	870	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "Connection: Upgrade\r\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	871	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n",encOut);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	872	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "%s\r\n",version);
nixnax	261:272ec8e2a7d4	873	#define SHOW_MBED_IN_RESPONSE_YES // change to SHOW_MBED_IN_RESPONSE_NO to exclude
nixnax	261:272ec8e2a7d4	874	#ifdef SHOW_MBED_IN_RESPONSE_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	875	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "mbed-Code: PPP-Blinky\r\n");
nixnax	261:272ec8e2a7d4	876	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	877	n=n+sprintf(dataStart+n, "\r\n"); // websocket response header ending
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	878	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	879	return n; // this response should satisfy a web browser's websocket protocol request
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	880	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	881
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	882	#define TCP_FLAG_ACK (1<<4)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	883	#define TCP_FLAG_SYN (1<<1)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	884	#define TCP_FLAG_PSH (1<<3)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	885	#define TCP_FLAG_RST (1<<2)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	886	#define TCP_FLAG_FIN (1<<0)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	887
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	888	/// respond to an HTTP request
nixnax	185:4cd8f91e9d49	889	int httpResponse(char * dataStart, int * flags)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	890	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	891	int n=0; // number of bytes we have printed so far
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	892	n = webSocketHandler( dataStart ); // test for and handle WebSocket upgrade requests
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	893	if (n>0) return n; // if n>0 we already have a response, so return
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	894
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	895	int nHeader; // byte size of HTTP header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	896	int contentLengthStart; // index where HTML starts
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	897	int httpGet5,httpGet6,httpGetx, httpGetRoot; // temporary storage of strncmp results
nixnax	185:4cd8f91e9d49	898	*flags = TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_FIN; // the default case is that we close the connection
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	899
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	900	httpGetRoot = strncmp(dataStart, "GET / HTTP/1.", 13); // found a GET to the root directory
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	901	httpGetx = strncmp(dataStart, "GET /x", 6); // found a GET to /x which we will treat special (anything starting with /x, e.g. /x, /xyz, /xABC?pqr=123
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	902	httpGet5 = dataStart[5]; // the first character in the path name, we use it for special functions later on
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	903	httpGet6 = dataStart[6]; // the second character in the path name, we use it for special functions later on
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	904	// for example, you could try this using netcat (nc): echo "GET /x" \| nc 172.10.10.2
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	905	if( (httpGetRoot==0) \|\| (httpGetx==0) \|\| (httpGet5 == 'w') ) {
nixnax	229:a81c37376187	906	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nServer: mbed PPP-Blinky\r\n"); // 200 OK header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	907	} else {
nixnax	229:a81c37376187	908	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\nServer: mbed PPP-Blinky\r\n"); // 404 header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	909	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	910	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"Content-Length: "); // http header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	911	contentLengthStart = n; // remember where Content-Length is in buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	912	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"?????\r\n"); // leave five spaces for content length - will be updated later
nixnax	250:35a3a19dc184	913	//n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"Connection: close\r\n"); // close connection immediately
nixnax	217:86498f9ab967	914	#define SHOWMAXBUFLEVEL_YES
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	915	#ifdef SHOWMAXBUFLEVEL_YES
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	916	// if this is enabled then the maximum value of the serial port receive buffer will show up in the http headers of your browser - nice for debugging
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	917	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"Maxbuflevel: %d\r\n", ppp.rx.maxbuflevel);
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	918	#endif
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	919	#define SHOWPINGCOUNT_NO
nixnax	240:d7a01533397d	920	#ifdef SHOWPINGCOUNT_YES
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	921	// if this is enabled then the ICMP ping count will show up in the http headers of your browser - disabled for now because it's also displayed in the root page
nixnax	240:d7a01533397d	922	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"PingCount: %d\r\n", ppp.pingCount);
nixnax	240:d7a01533397d	923	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	924	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii\r\n\r\n"); // http header must end with empty line (\r\n)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	925	nHeader=n; // size of HTTP header
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	926
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	927	if( httpGetRoot == 0 ) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	928	// this is where we insert our web page into the buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	929	memcpy(n+dataStart,rootWebPage,sizeof(rootWebPage));
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	930	n = n + sizeof(rootWebPage)-1; // one less than sizeof because we don't count the null byte at the end
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	931	// naximum length of pingCount (maximum number of digits of an unsigned 32-bit int)
nixnax	241:dece92cb7296	932	#define PINGCOUNTMAXLEN (10)
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	933	char pingCountString[PINGCOUNTMAXLEN+1]; // space for the ten digits and a string terminator 0
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	934	snprintf(pingCountString,PINGCOUNTMAXLEN+1,"%*d",PINGCOUNTMAXLEN,ppp.pingCount); // print number of ICMP pings right justified in 10 spaces
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	935	char * tenNulls = "0000000000";
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	936	char * pingCountStart = strstr(dataStart,tenNulls); // find the ten zeros in the page - this is where we must paste in the ICMP count
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	937	if ( pingCountStart != NULL )
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	938	memcpy(pingCountStart, pingCountString, PINGCOUNTMAXLEN); // copy ping count over the ten zeros in the page
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	939	snprintf(pingCountString,PINGCOUNTMAXLEN+1,"%*d",PINGCOUNTMAXLEN,SystemCoreClock); // print System Core Clock speed
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	940	char * coreClockStart = strstr(dataStart,tenNulls); // find the ten zeros in the page - this is where we must paste in the core clock speed
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	941	if ( coreClockStart != NULL )
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	942	memcpy(coreClockStart, pingCountString, PINGCOUNTMAXLEN); // copy core clock speed over the ten zeros in the page
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	943	} else if ( httpGet5 == 'w' ) { // "w" is a special page for websocket demo
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	944	memcpy(n+dataStart,webSocketPage,sizeof(webSocketPage));
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	945	n = n + sizeof(webSocketPage)-1; // one less than size
nixnax	185:4cd8f91e9d49	946	*flags = TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_PSH; // for a websocket page we do NOT close the connection
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	947	} else {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	948	if (httpGetx == 0) { // the page request started with "GET /x" - here we treat anything starting with /x special:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	949	#define W3C_COMPLIANT_RESPONSE_NO
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	950	// change the above to W3C_COMPLIANT_RESPONSE_YES if you want a W3C.org compliant HTTP response
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	951	#ifdef W3C_COMPLIANT_RESPONSE_YES
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	952	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<!DOCTYPE html><title>mbed PPP-Blinky</title>"); // html title (W3C.org required elements)
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	953	#endif
nixnax	249:9ff0e20325f7	954	if( (ppp.pingCount & 1) == 0) // check lowest bit of ping counter and respond with red or green favicon - this stops browsers from asking for favicon.ico file
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	955	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<link rel=\"icon\" id=\"red-pixel\" href=\"data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAP8AAAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs\">"); // data url containing 1 red pixel gif
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	956	else
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	957	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<link rel=\"icon\" id=\"grn-pixel\" href=\"data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAAD/AAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=\">"); // data url containing 1 green pixel gif
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	958	if( httpGet6 == 'b' ) // if the fetched page is "xb" send a meta command to let the browser continuously reload
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	959	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart, "<meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"0\">"); // reload loop - handy for benchmarking
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	960	// /x is a very short page, in fact, it is only a decimal number showing the http Page count
nixnax	248:5aca1c98fc24	961	#ifdef W3C_COMPLIANT_RESPONSE_YES
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	962	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<body>%d</body>",ppp.responseCounter); // body = the http frame count
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	963	#else
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	964	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"%d ",ppp.responseCounter); // not really valid html but most browsers and curl are ok with it
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	965	#endif
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	966	} else {
nixnax	249:9ff0e20325f7	967	// all other requests get a Mot Found response
nixnax	257:1990a41a1e31	968	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<!DOCTYPE html><title>mbed PPP-Blinky</title>"); // html title (W3C.org required elements)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	969	n=n+sprintf(n+dataStart,"<body>Not Found</body>"); // not found message
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	970	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	971	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	972	#define CONTENTLENGTHSIZE 5
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	973	char contentLengthString[CONTENTLENGTHSIZE+1];
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	974	snprintf(contentLengthString,CONTENTLENGTHSIZE+1,"%*d",CONTENTLENGTHSIZE,n-nHeader); // print Content-Length with leading spaces and fixed width equal to csize
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	975	memcpy(dataStart+contentLengthStart, contentLengthString, CONTENTLENGTHSIZE); // copy Content-Length to it's place in the send buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	976	return n; // total byte size of our response
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	977	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	978
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	979	/// Handle TCP data that is not an HTTP GET.
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	980	/// This is handy when for example you want to use netcat (nc.exe) to talk to PPP-Blinky.
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	981	/// This could also be a websocket receive event - especially if the first byte is 0x81 (websocket data push)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	982	int tcpResponse(char * dataStart, int len, int * outFlags)
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	983	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	984	int n=0; // number of bytes we have printed so far
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	985	if (dataStart[0] == 0x81) { // check if this is a websocket push message
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	986	char mask [4];
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	987	memcpy ( mask, dataStart+2, 4); // websocket messages are "masked", so first we obtain the 4-byte mask
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	988	int websocketMessageSize = len - 6; // 1 byte prefix (0x81), 1 byte, 4 bytes mask = 6 bytes
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	989	if((dataStart[1]&0x80)==0x80) // test if the mask bit is set, which means all data is xor'ed with the mask
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	990	for (int i=0; i<websocketMessageSize; i++) dataStart[i+6]^= mask[i%4]; // unmask each byte with one of the mask bytes
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	991	dataStart[1] = len-2; // add four extra bytes to the message length because we don't use mask bytes for the send
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	992	memcpy(dataStart+2, "Got:",4); // insert our own text into the four mask bytes
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	993	n = len; // our response size remains exactly the same length as what we received
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	994	} else if ( (dataStart[0]==0x88) && (dataStart[1]==0x80) && (len == 6) ) { // test for a websocket close request
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	995	n=2; // our close command is only two bytes long because we don't use the four mask bytes
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	996	dataStart[1]=0; // we don't have mask bytes on
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	997	} else {
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	998	if ( len > 1 ) { // we assume a length of 1 is a keep-alive or push packet
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	999	if (v1) debugPuts("TCP data received\n"); // all other tcp push packets
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	1000	}
nixnax	163:d1b4328e9f08	1001	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1002	return n; // total byte size of our response
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1003	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1004
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1005	/// dump the TCP data to the debug serial port
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1006	void dumpDataTCP(int outGoing)
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1007	{
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1008	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1009	if (v2) {
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1010	int packetLengthIp = __REV16(ppp.ip->lengthR ); // size of ip packet
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1011	int headerSizeIp = 4 * ppp.ip->headerLength; // size of ip header
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1012	ppp.tcpStart = ppp.ipStart + headerSizeIp; // calculate where the TCP header starts
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1013	int headerSizeTcp = 4 * (ppp.tcp->offset); // tcp "offset" for start of data is also the header size
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1014	ppp.tcpData = ppp.tcpStart + headerSizeTcp; // start of tcp data
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1015	int tcpSize = packetLengthIp - headerSizeIp; // tcp size = size of ip payload
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1016	int tcpDataSize = tcpSize - headerSizeTcp; // size of data block after TCP header
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1017	char pbuf[100]; // local print buffer
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1018	int n=0;
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1019
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1020	n=n+sprintf(pbuf+n, outGoing ? "\x1b[34m" : "\x1b[30m" ); // VT100 color code, print black for incoming, blue for outgoing headers
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1021
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1022	n=n+sprintf(pbuf+n, "IP:%d ipHeader:%d tcpHeader:%d tcpData:%d\n", packetLengthIp, headerSizeIp, headerSizeTcp, tcpDataSize); // 1 for more verbose
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1023	if (n>95) debugPuts("n>pbuf overflow in dumpDataTCP()\n");
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1024
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	1025	debugPuts( pbuf );
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1026	if (tcpDataSize > 0) {
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1027	ppp.tcpData[tcpDataSize]=0; // insert a null after the data so debug printf stops printing after the data
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	1028	debugPuts( ppp.tcpData ); // print the tcp payload data
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	1029	debugPuts("\n");
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1030	}
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	1031	debugPuts( "\x1b[30m" ); // VT100 color code, print black
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1032	}
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1033	#endif
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1034	}
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1035
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1036	/// handle an incoming TCP packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1037	/// use the first few bytes to figure out if it's a websocket, an http request or just pure incoming TCP data
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1038	void tcpHandler()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1039	{
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1040	int packetLengthIp = __REV16(ppp.ip->lengthR ); // size of ip packet
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1041	int headerSizeIp = 4 * ppp.ip->headerLength; // size of ip header
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1042	ppp.tcpStart = ppp.ipStart + headerSizeIp; // calculate TCP header start
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1043	int tcpSize = packetLengthIp - headerSizeIp; // tcp size = size of ip payload
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1044	int headerSizeTcp = 4 * (ppp.tcp->offset); // tcp "offset" for start of data is also the header size
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1045	char * tcpDataIn = ppp.tcpStart + headerSizeTcp; // start of TCP data after TCP header
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1046	int tcpDataSize = tcpSize - headerSizeTcp; // size of data block after TCP header
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1047
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1048	unsigned int seq_in = __REV(ppp.tcp->seqTcpR); // incoming sequence number
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1049	unsigned int ack_in = __REV(ppp.tcp->ackTcpR); // incoming acknowledge number
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1050	unsigned int ack_out = seq_in + tcpDataSize; // calculate the acknowledge based on size of received packet
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1051	unsigned int seq_out = ack_in; // adopt their version of our sequence number as our sequence number
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1052
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1053	// first we shorten the TCP response header to only 20 bytes. This means we ignore all TCP option requests
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1054	headerSizeIp=20;
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1055	ppp.ip->headerLength = headerSizeIp/4; // ip header is 20 bytes long
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1056	ppp.ip->lengthR = __REV(40); // 20 ip header + 20 tcp header
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1057	headerSizeTcp = 20; // shorten outgoing TCP header size to 20 bytes (no data)
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1058	ppp.tcpStart = ppp.ipStart + headerSizeIp; // recalc TCP header start
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1059	ppp.tcp->offset = (headerSizeTcp/4);
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1060	char * tcpDataOut = ppp.tcpStart + headerSizeTcp; // start of outgoing data
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1061
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1062	int dataLen = 0; // most of our responses will have zero TCP data, only a header
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1063	int flagsOut = TCP_FLAG_ACK; // the default case is an ACK packet
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	1064
nixnax	185:4cd8f91e9d49	1065	ppp.tcp->windowR = __REV16( 1200 ); // set tcp window size to 1200 bytes
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1066
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1067	// A sparse TCP flag interpreter that implements stateless TCP connections
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1068
nixnax	156:163c23249731	1069	switch ( ppp.tcp->flag.All ) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1070	case TCP_FLAG_SYN:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1071	flagsOut = TCP_FLAG_SYN \| TCP_FLAG_ACK; // something wants to connect - acknowledge it
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1072	seq_out = seq_in+0x10000000U; // create a new sequence number using their sequence as a starting point, increase the highest digit
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1073	ack_out++; // for SYN flag we have to increase the sequence by 1
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1074	break;
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	1075	case TCP_FLAG_ACK:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1076	case TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_PSH:
nixnax	259:f694046fc06f	1077	if (tcpDataSize == 0) return; // handle zero-size ack messages by ignoring them
nixnax	259:f694046fc06f	1078	// if ( (ppp.tcp->flag.All == TCP_FLAG_ACK) && (tcpDataSize == 0)) return; // handle zero-size ack messages by ignoring them
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1079	if ( (strncmp(tcpDataIn, "GET /", 5) == 0) ) { // check for an http GET command
nixnax	237:796851817c26	1080	led1Toggle(); // toggle the LED one more time so we can visualize the HTTP GET
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1081	flagsOut = TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_PSH; // we have data, set the PSH flag
nixnax	185:4cd8f91e9d49	1082	dataLen = httpResponse(tcpDataOut, &flagsOut); // send an http response
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1083	} else {
nixnax	158:841592aed956	1084	dataLen = tcpResponse(tcpDataOut,tcpDataSize, &flagsOut); // not an http GET, handle as a tcp connection
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1085	if (dataLen > 0) flagsOut = TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_PSH; // if we have any data set the PSH flag
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1086	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1087	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1088	case TCP_FLAG_FIN:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1089	case TCP_FLAG_FIN \| TCP_FLAG_ACK:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1090	case TCP_FLAG_FIN \| TCP_FLAG_PSH \| TCP_FLAG_ACK:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1091	flagsOut = TCP_FLAG_ACK \| TCP_FLAG_FIN; // set outgoing FIN flag to ask them to close from their side
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1092	ack_out++; // for FIN flag we have to increase the sequence by 1
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1093	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1094	default:
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1095	return; // ignore all other packets
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1096	} // switch
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1097
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1098	// The TCP flag handling is now done
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1099	// first we swap source and destination TCP addresses and insert the new ack and seq numbers
nixnax	147:0f40005cbc5f	1100	swapIpAddresses(); // swap IP source and destination addresses
nixnax	149:969d98f6fb88	1101	swapIpPorts(); // swap IP source and destination ports
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1102
nixnax	158:841592aed956	1103	ppp.tcp->ackTcpR = __REV( ack_out ); // byte reversed - tcp/ip messages are big-endian (high byte first)
nixnax	158:841592aed956	1104	ppp.tcp->seqTcpR = __REV( seq_out ); // byte reversed - tcp/ip messages are big-endian (high byte first)
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	1105
nixnax	156:163c23249731	1106	ppp.tcp->flag.All = flagsOut; // update the TCP flags
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1107
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	1108	// recalculate all the header sizes
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1109	tcpSize = headerSizeTcp + dataLen; // tcp packet size
nixnax	154:18b2bd92f557	1110	int newPacketSize = headerSizeIp + tcpSize; // calculate size of the outgoing packet
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	1111	ppp.ip->lengthR = __REV16 ( newPacketSize );
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1112	ppp.pkt.len = newPacketSize+4+2; // ip packet length + 4-byte ppp prefix (ff 03 00 21) + 2 fcs (crc) bytes bytes at the end of the packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1113
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1114	// the header is all set up, now do the IP and TCP checksums
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1115	IpHeaderCheckSum(); // calculate new IP header checksum
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	1116	checkSumPseudoHeader( tcpSize ); // get the TCP pseudo-header checksum
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	1117	ppp.tcp->checksumR = 0; // before TCP checksum calculations the checksum bytes must be set cleared
nixnax	161:d59f778bc8ab	1118	unsigned int pseudoHeaderSum=dataCheckSum(ppp.tcpStart,tcpSize, 0); // continue the TCP checksum on the whole TCP packet
nixnax	159:4d1bf96a59cd	1119	ppp.tcp->checksumR = __REV16( pseudoHeaderSum); // tcp checksum done, store it in the TCP header
nixnax	160:bd701ad564cb	1120
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	1121	dumpHeaderIP(1); // dump outgoing IP header before sending the frame
nixnax	170:3d3b2126181c	1122	dumpHeaderTCP(1); // dump outgoing TCP header before sending the frame
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1123	dumpDataTCP(1); // dump outgoing TCP data before sending the frame
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1124	#define WAIT_BEFORE_IP_SEND_NO
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1125	#ifdef WAIT_BEFORE_IP_SEND_YES
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1126	wait_ms(45); // 45 ms delay before sending frame
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1127	#endif
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	1128	sendPppFrame(); // All preparation complete - send the TCP response
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1129	#define DUMP_TRANSMITTED_PPP_NO
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1130	#ifdef DUMP_TRANSMITTED_PPP_YES
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1131	dumpPPPFrame(); // dump every transmitted ppp frame to debug port
nixnax	226:4898247048c7	1132	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1133	memset(ppp.pkt.buf+44,0,500); // flush out traces of previous data that we may scan for
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1134	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1135
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1136	/// handle an incoming TCP packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1137	void TCPpacket()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1138	{
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1139	dumpHeaderIP(0); // dump incoming packet IP header
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1140	dumpHeaderTCP(0); // dump incoming packet TCP header
nixnax	173:6774a0c851c4	1141	dumpDataTCP(0); // dump incoming packet data
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1142	tcpHandler();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1143	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1144
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1145	/// handle the remaining IP protocols by ignoring them
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1146	void otherProtocol()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1147	{
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1148	debugPuts("Other IP protocol");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1149	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1150
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1151	/// process an incoming IP packet
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1152	void IPframe()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1153	{
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1154	int protocol = ppp.ip->protocol;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1155	switch (protocol) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1156	case 1:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1157	ICMPpacket();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1158	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1159	case 2:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1160	IGMPpacket();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1161	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1162	case 17:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1163	UDPpacket();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1164	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1165	case 6:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1166	TCPpacket();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1167	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1168	default:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1169	otherProtocol();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1170	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1171	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1172
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1173	/// process LCP packets
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1174	void LCPframe()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1175	{
nixnax	253:ee1044976b2c	1176	//ppp.pingCount++; // count how many times we get LCP packets or get pinged
nixnax	175:b4e6f8a6fe00	1177	int code = ppp.lcp->code;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1178	switch (code) {
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1179	case 1: // LCP configuration request
nixnax	231:6bd4523833a2	1180	debugPuts("LCP Config");
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1181	if ( __REV16( ppp.lcp->lengthR ) == 4 ) {
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1182	debugPuts("LCP Ack\n");
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1183	ppp.lcp->code=2; // acknowledge zero configuration request
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1184	sendPppFrame();
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1185	ppp.lcp->code=1; // request no options
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1186	sendPppFrame();
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1187	} else {
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1188	debugPuts("LCP request reject\n");
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1189	ppp.lcp->code=4; // allow only "no options" which means Maximum Receive Unit (MRU) is default 1500 bytes
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1190	sendPppFrame();
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1191	}
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1192	break;
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1193	case 2: // LCP configuration acknowledge
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1194	debugPuts("LCP Ack\n"); // don't do anything, i.e. ignore
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1195	break;
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1196	case 5: // LCP end
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1197	ppp.lcp->code=6; // acknowledge
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1198	sendPppFrame(); // acknowledge
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1199	ppp.online=0; // start hunting for connect string again
nixnax	227:f87156f9ef11	1200	pppInitStruct(); // flush the receive buffer
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1201	debugPuts("LCP End (Disconnect from host)\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1202	break; // end connection
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1203	default:
nixnax	231:6bd4523833a2	1204	debugPuts("LCP Other\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1205	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1206	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1207
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1208	/// discard packets that are not IP, IPCP, or LCP
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1209	void discardedFrame()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1210	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1211	if (v0) debugPrintf("Frame is not IP, IPCP or LCP: %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", ppp.pkt.buf[0],ppp.pkt.buf[1],ppp.pkt.buf[2],ppp.pkt.buf[3]);
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1212	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1213
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1214	/// determine the packet type (IP, IPCP or LCP) of incoming packets
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1215	void determinePacketType()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1216	{
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1217	if ( ppp.ppp->address != 0xff ) {
nixnax	231:6bd4523833a2	1218	debugPuts("Unexpected: PPP address != ff\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1219	return;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1220	}
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1221	if ( ppp.ppp->control != 3 ) {
nixnax	231:6bd4523833a2	1222	debugPuts("Unexpected: PPP control != 3\n");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1223	return;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1224	}
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1225	unsigned int protocol = __REV16( ppp.ppp->protocolR );
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1226	switch ( protocol ) {
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1227	case 0xc021:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1228	LCPframe();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1229	break; // link control
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1230	case 0x8021:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1231	IPCPframe();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1232	break; // IP control
nixnax	167:ff8a2d8beeb1	1233	case 0x0021:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1234	IPframe();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1235	break; // IP itself
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1236	default:
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1237	discardedFrame();
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1238	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1239	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1240
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1241	/// a sniffer tool to assist in figuring out where in the code we are having characters in the input buffer
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1242	void sniff()
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1243	{
nixnax	221:1d7c32d8256b	1244	if ( pc.readable() ) debugPuts( "Sniff - Char available!\n" ); // if this prints anything it means there is a character in the serial receive buffer
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1245	}
nixnax	146:a45f49a2b29c	1246
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1247	/// scan the PPP serial input stream for frame start markers
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	1248	void waitForPppFrame()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1249	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1250	while(1) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1251	if ( ppp.rx.head != ppp.rx.tail ) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1252	int oldTail = ppp.rx.tail; // remember where the character is located in the buffer
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1253	int rx = pc_getBuf(); // get the character
nixnax	238:f39289ed5a2e	1254	if (rx==0x7e) { // check for frame start/end character 0x7e
nixnax	260:2c9a01c9d03e	1255	if (ppp.firstFrame) { // is this the start of the first frame
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1256	ppp.rx.rtail = ppp.rx.tail; // update real-time tail with the virtual tail
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1257	ppp.hdlc.frameStartIndex = ppp.rx.tail; // remember where first frame started
nixnax	181:bcfe7fe2142d	1258	ppp.firstFrame=0; // clear first frame flag
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1259	} else {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1260	ppp.hdlc.frameEndIndex=oldTail; // mark the frame end character
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1261	processPPPFrame(ppp.hdlc.frameStartIndex, ppp.hdlc.frameEndIndex); // process the frame
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1262	ppp.rx.rtail = ppp.rx.tail; // update real-time tail with the virtual tail
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1263	ppp.hdlc.frameStartIndex = ppp.rx.tail; // remember where next frame started
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1264	break;
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1265	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1266	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1267	}
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1268	// change below to YES to enable the serial to UDP demo
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1269	#define SERIAL_TO_UDP_NO
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1270	#ifdef SERIAL_TO_UDP_YES
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1271	sendUdpData(); // demo that sends characters received on the DEBUG serial port via UDP to another host
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1272	#endif
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1273	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1274	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1275
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	1276	/// Wait for a dial-up modem connect command ("CLIENT") from the host PC, if found, we set ppp.online to true, which starts the IP packet scanner.
nixnax	209:aa514cd631ee	1277	// Note: a 0x7E in the input stream (ppp start of frame character) will also set ppp.online to true - see the code in pppReceiveHandler()
nixnax	153:7993def8663f	1278	void waitForPcConnectString()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1279	{
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1280	while(ppp.online == 0) {
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1281	// search for Windows Dialup Networking "Direct Connection Between Two Computers" expected connect string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1282	char * found1 = strstr( (char *)ppp.rx.buf, "CLIENT" );
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1283	if (found1 != NULL) {
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1284	if (v0) debugPuts("Connected: Found connect string \"CLIENT\", sent \"CLIENTSERVER\"\n");
nixnax	208:73086736610a	1285	// respond with Windows Dialup networking expected "Direct Connection Between Two Computers" response string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1286	pc.puts("CLIENTSERVER");
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1287	ppp.online=1; // we are connected - set flag so we stop looking for the connect string
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1288	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1289	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1290	}
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1291
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	1292	/// Initialize PPP data structure and set serial port(s) baud rate(s)
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	1293	void initializePpp()
nixnax	142:54d1543e23e5	1294	{
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1295	#ifdef SERIAL_PORT_MONITOR_YES
nixnax	144:01d98cf7738e	1296	debugBaudRate(115200); // baud rate for (optional) debug serial port
nixnax	230:ee097c486e45	1297	debugPuts("\x1b[2J\x1b[H\x1b[30m"); // VT100 codes for clear_screen, home, black_text - Tera Term is a handy VT100 terminal
nixnax	184:4133f557d4d4	1298	wait_ms(200); // a brief wait so a human can see the reset event
nixnax	258:1eb9abd66922	1299	debugPuts("mbed PPP-Blinky HTTP & WebSocket server ready :)\n");
nixnax	210:a2a651249a9a	1300	#endif
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1301	pppInitStruct(); // initialize all the variables/properties/buffers
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1302	pc.baud(115200); // pc serial port acting as a dial-up modem - for PPP traffic
nixnax	179:ba2b2ddd0da5	1303	pc.attach(&pppReceiveHandler, RawSerial::RxIrq); // set up serial port receive interrupt handler
nixnax	143:c5019f856a56	1304	}

Repository toolbox

Export to desktop IDE

Build repository

Repository details

Type:	Program
Mbed OS support:	Mbed 2 deprecated
Created:	27 Dec 2016
Imports:	426
Forks:	1
Commits:	276
Dependents:	0
Dependencies:	1
Followers:	22

The code in this repository is MIT licensed.