File content as of revision 17:d6a3b29cab31:

#include "Game.h"

/// @file Game.cpp

Game::~Game()
{
    // Free allocated memory from bullets
    for (std::vector<Point*>::iterator it = bullets.begin(); it != bullets.end(); ++it)
        delete *it;
    
    bullets.clear();
    
    // Free allocated memory from enemies
    for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemies.begin(); it != enemies.end(); ++it)
        delete *it;
    
    enemies.clear();
}

void Game::init()
{   
    Global::score = 0;
    paused = false;
    livesLeft = 2; 
    
    // Set initial values for the player
    player.width = player.height = 5; // important that this is correct, see size of Image::Player in Resources.h
    player.onGround = false;
    respawnPlayer();
    
    spawnRate = 2; // Probability for spawning a new enemy in percent
    spawnEnemy();
}

// temporary move to game
const int Game::spawnPoints[3][2] = {{27,20}, {2,29}, {24,45}};

void Game::spawnEnemy()
{
    // Get random spawn point
    int r = rand() % 3;
    int x = Game::spawnPoints[r][0];
    int y = Game::spawnPoints[r][1];
    
    // Spawn random enemy
    int randPercent = (rand() % 100);
    Enemy::Type type;
        
    if (randPercent >= 40)      // 60% probability
        type = Enemy::JUMPER;
    else if (randPercent >= 15) // 25% probablitiy
        type = Enemy::SIMPLE;
    else                        // 15 % probability
        type = Enemy::RUNNER;
        
    // Create enemy
    Enemy *enemy = new Enemy(x, y, true, type);
    enemies.push_back(enemy);
}

// Functions
void Game::update(float dt)
{    
    // Pause button input
    if (input->read(Input::ButtonC))
    {
        if (releasedBtnC)
        {
            paused = !paused;
            releasedBtnC = false;
        }
    }
    else
        releasedBtnC = true;
        
    // Skip the rest if paused
    if (paused) return;   
    
    if ((rand() % 100) < spawnRate )
        spawnEnemy();
        
    // Handle input, should be its own function
    switch(input->joystick->getDirection())
    {
        case LEFT:
        case UP_LEFT:
        case DOWN_LEFT:
            player.vx = -2;
            player.facingLeft = true;
        break;
        
        case RIGHT:
        case UP_RIGHT:
        case DOWN_RIGHT:
            player.vx = 2;
            player.facingLeft = false;
        break;
        
        case CENTER:
            player.vx = 0;
        break;
    }
    
    
    // MOVE: Random enemies
    
    // Gravity
    player.vy += 1;
    
    // Check if player is trying to jump. Player can only jump if it's on the ground
    if (input->read(Input::ButtonA) && player.onGround)
    {
        player.vy = -4;
        player.onGround = false;
        sound->playNote(SFX::PLAYER_JUMP);
    }
    
    // Terminal velocity 3 px/update
    if (player.vy > TERMINAL_VELOCITY) player.vy = TERMINAL_VELOCITY;
    
    if (!player.dead)
        moveWithCollisionTest(&player, map);
    else // move without testing collision agains the map
    {
        player.x += player.vx;
        player.y += player.vy;
    }
    
    
    moveEnemies();
    
    // Check if bullet should be fired
    if (input->read(Input::ButtonB) && releasedBtnB)
    {
        // Create a new bullet and give it initial values
        Point* bullet = new Point;
        bullet->x = (int)(player.x + (player.width / 2)); //(player.facingLeft) ? (player.x-1) : (player.x + player.width);
        bullet->y = player.y + 2;
        bullet->vx = (player.facingLeft) ? -4 : 4;
        bullet->vy = 0;
        
        bullets.push_back(bullet);
        releasedBtnB = false;
        
        // Play sound
        sound->playNote(SFX::BULLET_FIRED);
    }
    else if (!input->read(Input::ButtonB))
        releasedBtnB = true;
    
    // Loop through bullets and move them + collision test
    for (std::vector<Point*>::iterator it = bullets.begin(); it != bullets.end();)
    {
        Point* bullet = *it;
        
        int x0; // left border of collision rect
        int x1; // right border of collision rect
        
        int oldX = bullet->x;
        int newX = bullet->x + bullet->vx;
        
        x0 = min(oldX, newX);
        x1 = max(oldX, newX);
            
        // Collision rect for bullet in this time step
        Rectangle bulletColRect(x0, bullet->y, (x1-x0)+1, 1);
        
        bool col = false;
        // Delete if outside screen
        if (newX < 0 || newX > WIDTH || bulletHitMap(bulletColRect, map)) // if outside screen
        {
            col = true;
        }
        else
        {
            // loop through all enemies
            for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator ite = enemies.begin(); ite != enemies.end(); ++ite)
            {
                Enemy *enemy = *ite;
                
                // If bullet hits enemy
                //if (!enemy->dead && bullet->x >= enemy->x && bullet->x <= enemy->getRight() && bullet->y >= enemy->y && bullet->y <= enemy->getBottom()) 
                
                Rectangle enemyColRect(enemy->x, enemy->y, enemy->width, enemy->height); // collision rectangle for enemy
                
                if (!enemy->dead && hitTestRect(bulletColRect, enemyColRect))
                {
                    col = true;
                    
                    enemy->dead = true;
                    enemy->vx = bullet->vx / 2; // sends the dead enemy in the same direction as the incoming bullet
                    enemy->vy = -3;             // sends the dead enemy upwards in the air, because of impact
                    
                    Global::score += 5 * enemy->difficulty; // increase the score
                    
                    sound->playNote(SFX::ENEMY_DEAD);
                }
            }
        }
        
        if (!col)
        {
            ++it;   // go to next element
            bullet->x += bullet->vx; // update position
        }
        else
        {
            delete bullet;
            it = bullets.erase(it); // go to next element
        }
    }
    
    // Check if player hits enemy
    Rectangle playerRect(player.x, player.y, player.width, player.height);
    for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemies.begin(); it != enemies.end(); ++it)
    {
        Enemy *enemy = *it;
        
        if (enemy->dead) continue; // only test against living enemies
        
        Rectangle enemyRect(enemy->x, enemy->y, enemy->width, enemy->height);
        
        if (hitTestRect(playerRect, enemyRect))
        {
            player.dead = true;
            player.vx = 0;
            player.vy = -4;
            player.onGround = false;
            --livesLeft;
            
            sound->playNote(SFX::PLAYER_DEAD);
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (player.dead)
    {
        // remove all enemies (let them fall off)
        for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemies.begin(); it != enemies.end(); ++it)
        {
            Enemy *enemy = *it;
            enemy->dead = true;
        }
        
        if (player.y >= HEIGHT && !enemies.size()) // when all enemies are removed
        {
            if (livesLeft)
            {
                respawnPlayer(); // Respawn player if it still have lives left
                spawnEnemy();   // Spawn an enemy right away
            }
            else
            {
                if (Global::score > Global::highscores[2].score) // If new high score
                    requestStateChange(SUBMIT_HIGHSCORE);
                else
                    requestStateChange(GAME_OVER);
            }
        }
    }
}

void Game::render()
{
    
    if (!player.dead)
    {
        // Draw map
        drawImage(map);
    }
    else
    {
        // Print lives left
        std::stringstream ss;
        ss << "Lives left: " << livesLeft;
        lcd->printString(ss.str().c_str(), 4, 2);
    }
    
    // Draw player
    drawImage(Image::Player, player.x, player.y, false, !player.facingLeft, player.dead);
    
    
    // Draw enemies
    for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemies.begin(); it != enemies.end(); ++it)
    {
        Enemy *enemy = *it;
        
        switch (enemy->type)
        {
            case Enemy::SIMPLE:
                drawImage(Image::EnemySimple, enemy->x, enemy->y, false, !enemy->facingLeft, enemy->dead);    
            break;
            
            case Enemy::JUMPER:
                drawImage(Image::EnemyJumper, enemy->x, enemy->y, false, !enemy->facingLeft, enemy->dead);
            break;
            
            case Enemy::RUNNER:
                drawImage(Image::EnemyRunner, enemy->x, enemy->y, false, !enemy->facingLeft, enemy->dead);
            break;
            
            default:
                ; // should not happen, don't render
        }
        
        
    }    

    // Render bullets
    for (std::vector<Point*>::iterator it = bullets.begin(); it != bullets.end(); ++it)
    {
        int x, y;
        x = (*it)->x;
        y = (*it)->y;
        
        if (x >= 0 && x < WIDTH && y >= 0 && y < HEIGHT) // Boundary check
            lcd->setPixel(x,y);
    }
    
    // Draw pause
    if (paused)
    {
        lcd->drawRect(24, 13, 40, 13, 0); // outline
        lcd->drawRect(25, 14, 38, 11, 2); // white fill
        lcd->printString("Paused", 27, 2); // text
    }
    
    // GUI
    renderScore();
}

// Collision test between entites and map
void Game::moveWithCollisionTest(Entity* entity, const int map[HEIGHT][WIDTH])
{   
    int x = entity->x;
    int y = entity->y;
    int steps = abs(entity->vx); // how many units (pixels) the entity should move in said direction
    bool collision; // true if colliding
    
    // Check x-axis
    if (entity->vx > 0) // moving right
    {
        int entityRight = x + entity->width - 1; // Need to check right border of entity, since it is moving right
        
        while(steps--) // While it still have more movement left
        {
            collision = false;
            
            // Wrapping
            if (entityRight+1 >= WIDTH)
                entityRight = -1;// wants entityRight = -1, so next check is entityRight 0*/
            
            for (int i = 0; i < entity->height; ++i) // Loop through all vertical points on the right hand side of the entity (y+i)
            {
                if (map[y+i][entityRight+1]) // If moving to the right leads to collision for given y+i
                {
                    // Slope + allows player to climb to top of platform by going right if it hits close to top of wall.
                    if (!map[y+i-1][entityRight+1] && entity->onGround)
                    {
                        entity->vy = -1;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        collision = true; // Then collision is true
                        break;            // Skip the for loop, no need for further testing
                    }
                        
                }
            }
            
            if (collision) // If collision
                break;     // skip the while loop, entity can not move further, even though its velocity is higher
            else
                ++entityRight;  // Move entity one px to the right
        }
        
        // If wrap didn't work, make sure entity is on the correct side of the map
        if (entityRight < 0)
            entityRight = WIDTH-1;
            
        entity->x = entityRight - (entity->width - 1); // Update entity's position. Need to set upper-left pixel.
    }
    else // moving left
    {
        while(steps--) // While still movement left
        {
            collision = false;
            
            // Wrap around map
            if (x-1 < 0)
                x = WIDTH; // causes x-1 in the next check to be WIDTH - 1
            
            // Check for all y-positions
            for (int i = 0; i < entity->height; ++i)
            {
                
                if (map[y+i][x-1])                  // If solid block
                {
                    if (!map[y+i-1][x-1] && entity->onGround) // If slope or close to top of wall (=> can climb by going left).
                    {
                        entity->vy = -1;   
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        collision = true;
                        break;                          // Collision detected, no further testing required
                    }
                }
            }
            
            if (collision)
                break;
            else
                --x;    // Move to the left if no collision is detected
        }
        
        x %= WIDTH; // In case wrapping caused entity to crash with wall on other side, x should be 0 instead of WIDTH (invalid).
        
        entity->x = x; // update position
    }
    
    // Check collision with map in y-direction - works the same way as the x-axis, except for other axis
    x = entity->x;
    y = entity->y;
    steps = abs(entity->vy);
    
    if (entity->vy > 0) // downwards
    {
        int entityBottom = y + entity->height - 1; // Need to check if bottom part collides
        while(steps--)  // Still movement left
        {
            collision = false;

            for (int i = 0; i < entity->width; ++i)  // Loop through all x-position on lower part of entity
            {   
                if (map[(entityBottom+1) % HEIGHT][x+i])       // If moving the entity one step down for a given (x+i)-position gives a collision
                {
                    collision = true;
                    break;                          // No further testing required
                }
            }
            
            if (collision)                          // If collision
            {
                entity->vy = 0;                      // Set vertical velocity to 0 (playe
                entity->onGround = true;             // entity has hit ground
                break;                               // Skip the while loop as the entity can not move further downwards
            }
            else                // Can safely move entity without collision
            {
                ++entityBottom; // Move entity one step down
                entity->onGround = false;
            }
        }
        
        // Wrapping
        y = (entityBottom - (entity->height - 1));
        if (y >= HEIGHT)            // if completely outside map
            y = -entity->height;    // wrap to top of map
            
        entity->y = y; // (entityBottom - (entity->height - 1));      // Update position when done moving, remember that entity.y refers to upper part of the entity
    }
    else // moving up, check collision from top
    {
        while(steps--)  // Still movement left
        {
            collision = false;
                            
            for (int i = 0; i < entity->width; ++i) // Check for all x-positions
            {
                int y1 = ((y-1) + HEIGHT) % HEIGHT; // In case negative, because of wrapping
                
                if (map[y1][x+i])                  // If moving upwards gives collision for a given x+i
                {
                    collision = true;               // Then we have a collision
                    break;                          // No further testing needed, skip for loop
                }
            }
            
            if (collision)  // If collision was detected
            {
                entity->vy = 0;  // Set vertical velocity to zero
                break;          // Skip while loop as entity can not move further up
            }
            else            // If safe to move for all x-values
                --y;        // Move entity one step up
        }
        
        // Wrapping
        if (y + (entity->height - 1) < 0)          // completely outside map (bottom of entity over top of map)
            y = HEIGHT-1 - entity->height - 1;     // Sets the altitude.
            
        entity->y = y;       // Update vertical position of entity
    }    
}

bool Game::hitTestRect(Rectangle r1, Rectangle r2)
{
    return ((r1.x + r1.width > r2.x)       // r1's right edge to the right of r2's left edge
        &&  (r1.x < r2.x + r2.width)       // r1's left edge to the left of r2's right edge
        &&  (r1.y + r2.height > r2.y)      // r1's bottom lower than r2's top
        &&  (r1.y < r2.y + r2.height));    // r1's top higher than r2's bottom
        
    // Note: Right border: r1.x + r1.width - 1, but we don't need to subtract 1 as we use > instead of >=
}

bool Game::bulletHitMap(Rectangle &bulletColRect, const int map[HEIGHT][WIDTH])
{
    for (int j = 0; j < bulletColRect.width; ++j)
    {
        if (map[bulletColRect.y][bulletColRect.x + j])
            return true;
    }
    
    return false;
}

void Game::moveEnemies()
{
    for (std::vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemies.begin(); it != enemies.end(); )
    {   
        Enemy *enemy = *it;
        
        // Gravity
        enemy->vy += 1;
        
        if (!enemy->dead)
        {
            // Random movement for enemies
            if (enemy->onGround && (rand() % 100) < enemy->jumpRate)
            {
                // jump
                enemy->vy = -3;
                enemy->onGround = false;
            }
            else if ((rand() % 100) > 98) // 2% chance
            {
                // switch direction
                enemy->vx *= -1;
                enemy->facingLeft = (enemy->vx < 0);
            }
            
            moveWithCollisionTest(enemy, map);
            
            // Enemy AI
            if (enemy->y >= 0)
            {
                int nextRight = enemy->getRight() + 1;   // Next position of right edge if enemy moves to the right
                nextRight %= WIDTH; // wrapping
                for (int i = 0; i < enemy->height; ++i)  // Check for all heighs
                {
                    // Check if crashing if moving right or left. Bounds should already be limited by moveWithCollisionTest!
                    if (map[enemy->y + i][nextRight] || map[enemy->y + i][enemy->x - 1])
                    {
                        enemy->vx *= -1; // move in opposite direction
                        enemy->facingLeft = !enemy->facingLeft; // toggle direction
                        break;          // no further testing required
                    }
                }
            }
            
            ++it;   // go to next enemy
        }
        else    // if enemy is dead
        {
            enemy->y += enemy->vy;
            enemy->x += enemy->vx;
            
            if (enemy->y >= HEIGHT) // if outside map (and dead)
            {
                delete enemy;
                it = enemies.erase(it); // remove and go to next enemy
            }
            else
                ++it;   // go to next enemy
        }
    }   
}

void Game::renderScore()
{
    int s = (Global::score < 100000) ? Global::score : 99999; // Max possible score is 99999.
    
    // Read digits
    int digits[5]; // max five
    // Count the number of digits in the score
    int numDigits = 0;
    do
    {
        digits[numDigits] = s % 10;
        s /= 10;
        ++numDigits;
    } while (s != 0 && numDigits < 5);
    
    
    // Draw score
    int xStart = 79;
    int xStep = 4; // width + 1
    int y = 2;
    int x;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < numDigits; ++i)
    {
        x = xStart - i * xStep;
        
        switch (digits[i])
        {
            case 1:
                drawImage(Number::One, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 2:
                drawImage(Number::Two, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 3:
                drawImage(Number::Three, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 4:
                drawImage(Number::Four, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 5:
                drawImage(Number::Five, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 6:
                drawImage(Number::Six, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 7:
                drawImage(Number::Seven, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 8:
                drawImage(Number::Eight, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 9:
                drawImage(Number::Nine, x, y);
            break;
            
            case 0:
            default:
                drawImage(Number::Zero, x, y);
            break;
        }
                
    }
}

void Game::respawnPlayer()
{
    player.x = 74;
    player.y = 31;
    player.vx = player.vy = 0;
    player.facingLeft = true;   
    player.dead = false;
}