File content as of revision 25:9556a3a9b7cc:

/// RA8875 Display Controller Library.
/// 
/// This is being created for a specific display from buydisplay.com,
/// which is 480 x xxx. It has other attributes (like display controller
/// managed backlight brightness. So, there are expectations and some
/// defined constants based on that specific display.
///
#include "RA8875.h"

DigitalOut zz1(LED1);
DigitalOut zz2(LED2);
DigitalOut zz3(LED3);
DigitalOut zz4(LED4);

//#define DEBUG "RAIO"
// ...
// INFO("Stuff to show %d", var); // new-line is automatically appended
//
#if (defined(DEBUG) && !defined(TARGET_LPC11U24))
#define INFO(x, ...) std::printf("[INF %s %3d] "x"\r\n", DEBUG, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__);
#define WARN(x, ...) std::printf("[WRN %s %3d] "x"\r\n", DEBUG, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__);
#define ERR(x, ...)  std::printf("[ERR %s %3d] "x"\r\n", DEBUG, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__);
#else
#define INFO(x, ...)
#define WARN(x, ...)
#define ERR(x, ...)
#endif


#define RA8875_DISPLAY_WIDTH  480
#define RA8875_DISPLAY_HEIGHT 272


#ifdef PERF_METRICS
#define PERFORMANCE_RESET performance.reset()
#define REGISTERPERFORMANCE(a) RegisterPerformance(a)
static const char *metricsName[] = 
{
    "Point", "Line", "Rectangle", "Rounded Rectangle", "Triangle", "Circle", "Ellipse"
};
#else
#define PERFORMANCE_RESET
#define REGISTERPERFORMANCE(a)
#endif

// When it is going to poll a register for completion, how many 
// uSec should it wait between each polling activity.
#define POLLWAITuSec 10


RA8875::RA8875(PinName mosi, PinName miso, PinName sclk, PinName csel, PinName reset, const char *name)
    : spi(mosi, miso, sclk)
    , cs(csel)
    , res(reset)
    , GraphicsDisplay(name)
{
    font = NULL;                        // no external font, use internal.
    select(false);                      // deselect the display
    frequency(RA8875_DEFAULT_SPI_FREQ); // data rate
    init();
#ifdef PERF_METRICS
    performance.start();
    ClearPerformance();
#endif
}

//RA8875::~RA8875()
//{
//}

#ifdef PERF_METRICS
void RA8875::ClearPerformance()
{
    for (int i=0; i<METRICCOUNT; i++)
        metrics[i] = 0;
}

void RA8875::RegisterPerformance(method_e method)
{
    unsigned long elapsed = performance.read_us();
    
    if (method < METRICCOUNT && elapsed > metrics[method])
        metrics[method] = elapsed;
}

void RA8875::ReportPerformance()
{
    for (int i=0; i<METRICCOUNT; i++) {
        printf("%10d uS %s\r\n", metrics[i], metricsName[i]);
    }    
}
#endif

RetCode_t RA8875::WriteCommand(unsigned char command, unsigned int data)
{
    select(true);
    spiwrite(0x80);
    spiwrite(command);
    if (data <= 0xFF) {   // only if in the valid range
        spiwrite(0x00);
        spiwrite(data);
    }
    select(false);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::WriteData(unsigned char data)
{
    select(true);
    spiwrite(0x00);
    spiwrite(data);
    select(false);
    return noerror;
}

unsigned char RA8875::ReadCommand(unsigned char command)
{
    WriteCommand(command);
    return ReadData();
}

unsigned char RA8875::ReadData(void)
{
    unsigned char data;
    
    select(true);
    spiwrite(0x40);
    data = spiread();
    select(false);
    return data;
}

unsigned char RA8875::ReadStatus(void)
{
    unsigned char data;
    
    select(true);
    spiwrite(0xC0);
    data = spiread();
    select(false);
    return data;
}

unsigned int RA8875::fontwidth(void)
{
    if (font == NULL)
        return (((ReadCommand(0x22) >> 2) & 0x3) + 1) * 16;
    else
        return width() / font[1];
}

unsigned int RA8875::fontheight(void)
{
    if (font == NULL)
        return (((ReadCommand(0x22) >> 0) & 0x3) + 1) * 16;
    else
        return height() / font[2];
}

RetCode_t RA8875::locate(unsigned int x, unsigned int y)
{
    return SetTextCursor(x * fontwidth(), y * fontheight());
}

int RA8875::columns(void)
{
    return width() / fontwidth();
}

int RA8875::rows(void)
{
    return height() / fontheight();
}

int RA8875::width(void)
{
    return RA8875_DISPLAY_WIDTH;
}

int RA8875::height(void)
{
    return RA8875_DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetTextCursor(unsigned int x, unsigned int y)
{
    WriteCommand(0x2A, x & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x2B, x >> 8);
    WriteCommand(0x2C, y & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x2D, y >> 8);
    INFO("SetTextCursor(%d,%d)", x,y);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetTextCursorControl(cursor_t cursor, bool blink)
{
    unsigned char mwcr0 = ReadCommand(0x40) & 0x0F; // retain direction, auto-increase
    unsigned char horz = 0;
    unsigned char vert = 0;
    
    mwcr0 |= 0x80;                  // text mode
    if (cursor != NOCURSOR)
        mwcr0 |= 0x40;              // visible
    if (blink)
        mwcr0 |= 0x20;              // blink
    WriteCommand(0x40, mwcr0);      // configure the cursor
    WriteCommand(0x41, 0x00);       // close the graphics cursor
    WriteCommand(0x44, 0x1f);       // The cursor flashing cycle
    switch (cursor) {
        case IBEAM:
            horz = 0x01;
            vert = 0x1F;
            break;
        case UNDER:
            horz = 0x07;
            vert = 0x01;
            break;
        case BLOCK:
            horz = 0x07;
            vert = 0x1F;
            break;
        case NOCURSOR:
        default:
            break;
    }
    WriteCommand(0x4e, horz);       // The cursor size horz
    WriteCommand(0x4f, vert);       // The cursor size vert
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetTextFont(RA8875::font_t font)
{
    if (/*font >= RA8875::ISO8859_1 && */ font <= RA8875::ISO8859_4) {
        WriteCommand(0x21, (unsigned int)(font));
        return noerror;
    } else {
        return bad_parameter;
    }
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetTextFontControl(fill_t fillit,
    RA8875::font_angle_t angle, 
    RA8875::HorizontalScale hScale, 
    RA8875::VerticalScale vScale, 
    RA8875::alignment_t alignment)
{
    if (hScale >= 1 && hScale <= 4 && 
    vScale >= 1 && vScale <= 4) {
        unsigned char x = 0;
        
        if (alignment == align_full)
            x |= 0x80;
        if (fillit == NOFILL)
            x |= 0x40;
        if (angle == rotated)
            x |= 0x10;
        x |= ((hScale - 1) << 2);
        x |= ((vScale - 1) << 0);
        WriteCommand(0x22, x);
        return noerror;
    } else {
        return bad_parameter;
    }
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetTextFontSize(RA8875::HorizontalScale hScale, RA8875::VerticalScale vScale)
{
    unsigned char reg = ReadCommand(0x22);
    
    if (hScale >= 1 && hScale <= 4 && vScale >= 1 && vScale <= 4) {
        reg &= 0xF0;    // keep the high nibble as is.
        reg |= ((hScale - 1) << 2);
        reg |= ((vScale - 1) << 0);
        WriteCommand(0x22, reg);
        return noerror;
    } else {
        return bad_parameter;
    }
}

int RA8875::_putc(int c)
{
    if (c) {
        if (c == '\r') {
            unsigned int x;
            x = ReadCommand(0x30) | (ReadCommand(0x31) << 8);   // Left edge of active window
            WriteCommand(0x2A, x & 0xFF);
            WriteCommand(0x2B, x >> 8);
        } else if (c == '\n') {
            unsigned int y;
            y = ReadCommand(0x2C) | (ReadCommand(0x2D) << 8);   // current y location
            y += fontheight();
            if (y > height())               // @TODO > active window, then scroll?
                y = 0;
            WriteCommand(0x2C, y & 0xFF);
            WriteCommand(0x2D, y >> 8);
        } else {
            if (font == NULL) {
                unsigned char mwcr0 = ReadCommand(0x40);
                
                if (mwcr0 & 0x80 == 0x00)
                    WriteCommand(0x40,0x80);
                WriteCommand(0x02);
                select(true);
                WriteData(c);
                while (ReadStatus() & 0x80)
                    wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);            // Chk_Busy();
                select(false);
            } else {
                unsigned int x = (ReadCommand(0x2A) | (ReadCommand(0x2B) << 8)) / fontwidth();
                unsigned int y = (ReadCommand(0x2C) | (ReadCommand(0x2D) << 8)) / fontheight();
                character(x,y,c);
            }
            // @TODO right of active window, then wrap?
        }
    }
    return c;
}

void RA8875::puts(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, const char * string)
{
    SetTextCursor(x,y);
    puts(string);
}

void RA8875::puts(const char * string)
{
    if (*string != '\0') {
        INFO("puts(%s)", string);
        #if 1
        while (*string) {           // @TODO calling individual _putc is slower... anything to do?
            _putc(*string++);
        }
        #else
        WriteCommand(0x40,0x80);    // Put display into text mode
        WriteCommand(0x02);
        select(true);
        while (*string != '\0') {
            WriteData(*string);
            ++string;
            while (ReadStatus() & 0x80)
                wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);            // Chk_Busy();
        }
        select(false);
        #endif
    }
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetMemoryCursor(unsigned int x, unsigned int y)

{
    WriteCommand(0x46, x & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x47, x >> 8);
    WriteCommand(0x48, y & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x49, y >> 8);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::SetWindow(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
    WriteCommand(0x30, x & 0xFF);   // HSAW0
    WriteCommand(0x31, x >> 8);     // HSAW1
    WriteCommand(0x32, y & 0xFF);    // VSAW0
    WriteCommand(0x33, y >> 8);      // VSAW1
    WriteCommand(0x34, (x+width-1) & 0xFF);  // HEAW0
    WriteCommand(0x35, (x+width-1) >> 8);    // HEAW1
    WriteCommand(0x36, (y+height-1) & 0xFF); // VEAW0
    WriteCommand(0x37, (y+height-1) >> 8);   // VEAW1
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::cls(void)
{
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    clsw(FULLWINDOW);
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_CLS);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::clsw(RA8875::Region_t region)
{
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    WriteCommand(0x8E, (region == ACTIVEWINDOW) ? 0xC0 : 0x80);
    while (ReadCommand(0x8E) & 0x80)
        wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_CLS);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::pixel(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, color_t color)
{
    foreground(color);
    return pixel(x,y);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::pixel(unsigned int x, unsigned int y)
{
    RetCode_t ret;
    
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    #if 1
    color_t color = GetForeColor();
    WriteCommand(0x40,0x00);    // Graphics write mode
    SetMemoryCursor(x, y);
    WriteCommand(0x02);         //start data write
    WriteData(color & 0xFF);
    WriteData(color >> 8);
    ret = noerror;
    #else
    // There isn't actually a set pixel function that I found
    // so we'll emulate it as we can.
    ret = line(x,y, x,y);
    #endif
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWPOINT);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::line(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, color_t color)
{
    foreground(color);
    return line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::line(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2)
{
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    WriteCommand(0x91, x1 & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x92, x1 >> 8);
    WriteCommand(0x93, y1 & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x94, y1 >> 8);
    WriteCommand(0x95, x2 & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x96, x2 >> 8);
    WriteCommand(0x97, y2 & 0xFF);
    WriteCommand(0x98, y2 >> 8);
 
    unsigned char drawCmd = 0x00;       // Line
    WriteCommand(0x90, drawCmd);
    WriteCommand(0x90, 0x80 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
    while (ReadCommand(0x90) & 0x80)    // await completion.
        wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWLINE);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::fillrect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    return rect(x1,y1,x2,y2,color,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::rect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return rect(x1,y1,x2,y2,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::rect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    fill_t fillit)
{
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2) {
        pixel(x1, y1);
    } else if (x1 == x2) {
        line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
    } else if (y1 == y2) {
        line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
    } else {
        WriteCommand(0x91, x1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x92, x1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x93, y1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x94, y1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x95, x2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x96, x2 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x97, y2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x98, y2 >> 8);
        
        unsigned char drawCmd = 0x10;   // Rectangle
        if (fillit == FILL)
            drawCmd |= 0x20;
        WriteCommand(0x90, drawCmd);
        WriteCommand(0x90, 0x80 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
        while (ReadCommand(0x90) & 0x80)    // await completion.
            wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    }
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWRECTANGLE);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::fillroundrect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return roundrect(x1,y1,x2,y2,radius1,radius2,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::roundrect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return roundrect(x1,y1,x2,y2,radius1,radius2,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::roundrect(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret = noerror;
    
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2 || (radius1 > (x2-x1)/2) || (radius2 > (y2-y1)/2) ) {
        ret = bad_parameter;
    } else if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2) {
        pixel(x1, y1);
    } else if (x1 == x2) {
        line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
    } else if (y1 == y2) {
        line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
    } else {
        WriteCommand(0x91, x1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x92, x1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x93, y1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x94, y1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x95, x2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x96, x2 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x97, y2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x98, y2 >> 8);

        WriteCommand(0xA1, radius1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA2, radius1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xA3, radius2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA4, radius2 >> 8);

        // Should not need this...
        WriteCommand(0xA5, 0 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA6, 0 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xA7, 0 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA8, 0 >> 8);
        
        unsigned char drawCmd = 0x20;       // Rounded Rectangle
        if (fillit == FILL)
            drawCmd |= 0x40;
        WriteCommand(0xA0, drawCmd);
        WriteCommand(0xA0, 0x80 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
        while (ReadCommand(0xA0) & 0x80) {   // await completion.
            wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
        }
    }
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWROUNDEDRECTANGLE);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::triangle(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int x3, unsigned int y3, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret;
    
    foreground(color);
    ret = triangle(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,fillit);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::filltriangle(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int x3, unsigned int y3, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret;

    foreground(color);
    ret = triangle(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,fillit);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::triangle(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1 ,unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, 
    unsigned int x3, unsigned int y3, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret = noerror;
    
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2 && x1 == x3 && y1 == y3) {
        pixel(x1, y1);
    } else {
        WriteCommand(0x91, x1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x92, x1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x93, y1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x94, y1 >> 8);
        
        WriteCommand(0x95, x2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x96, x2 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x97, y2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x98, y2 >> 8);
        
        WriteCommand(0xA9, x3 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xAA, x3 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xAB, y3 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xAC, y3 >> 8);
        
        unsigned char drawCmd = 0x01;       // Triangle
        if (fillit == FILL)
            drawCmd |= 0x20;
        WriteCommand(0x90, drawCmd);
        WriteCommand(0x90, 0x80 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
        while (ReadCommand(0x90) & 0x80)    // await completion.
            wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    }
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWTRIANGLE);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::circle(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius, 
    color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return circle(x,y,radius,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::fillcircle(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius, 
    color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return circle(x,y,radius,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::circle(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret = noerror;
    
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    if (radius <= 0) {
        ret = bad_parameter;
    } else if (radius == 1) {
        pixel(x,y);
    } else {
        WriteCommand(0x99, x & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x9a, x >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x9b, y & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0x9c, y >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0x9d, radius & 0xFF);
        
        unsigned char drawCmd = 0x00;       // Circle
        if (fillit == FILL)
            drawCmd |= 0x20;
        WriteCommand(0x90, drawCmd);
        WriteCommand(0x90, 0x40 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
        while (ReadCommand(0x90) & 0x40)    // await completion.
            wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    }
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWCIRCLE);
    return ret;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::ellipse(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return ellipse(x,y,radius1,radius2,fillit);
}

RetCode_t RA8875::fillellipse(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, color_t color, fill_t fillit)
{
    foreground(color);
    return ellipse(x,y,radius1,radius2,fillit);
}
        
RetCode_t RA8875::ellipse(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius1, unsigned int radius2, fill_t fillit)
{
    RetCode_t ret = noerror;
    
    PERFORMANCE_RESET;
    if (radius1 <= 0 || radius2 <= 0) {
        ;   // do nothing
    } else if (radius1 == 1 && radius2 == 1) {
        pixel(x, y);
    } else {
        WriteCommand(0xA5, x & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA6, x >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xA7, y & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA8, y >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xA1, radius1 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA2, radius1 >> 8);
        WriteCommand(0xA3, radius2 & 0xFF);
        WriteCommand(0xA4, radius2 >> 8);
        
        unsigned char drawCmd = 0x00;   // Ellipse
        if (fillit == FILL)
            drawCmd |= 0x40;
        WriteCommand(0xA0, drawCmd);
        WriteCommand(0xA0, 0x80 + drawCmd); // Start drawing.
        while (ReadCommand(0xA0) & 0x80)    // await completion.
            wait_us(POLLWAITuSec);
    }
    REGISTERPERFORMANCE(PRF_DRAWELLIPSE);
    return ret;
}


RetCode_t RA8875::frequency(unsigned long Hz)
{
    spi.frequency(Hz);
    //       __   ___
    // Clock   ___A     Rising edge latched
    //       ___ ____
    // Data  ___X____
    spi.format(8, 3);           // 8 bits and clock to data phase 0
    init();
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::Power(bool on)
{
    WriteCommand(0x01, (on) ? 0x80 : 0x00);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::Reset(void)
{
    WriteCommand(0x01, 0x01);   // Apply Display Off, Reset
    wait_ms(2);                     // no idea if I need to wait, or how long
    WriteCommand(0x01, 0x00);   // Display off, Remove reset
    wait_ms(2);                     // no idea if I need to wait, or how long    
    init();
    return noerror;
}


RetCode_t RA8875::Backlight_u8(unsigned char brightness)
{
    static bool is_enabled = false;
    if (brightness == 0) {
        WriteCommand(0x8a); // Disable the PWM
        WriteData(0x00);
        is_enabled = false;
    } else if (!is_enabled) {
        WriteCommand(0x8a); // Enable the PWM
        WriteData(0x80);
        WriteCommand(0x8a); // Not sure why this is needed, but following the pattern
        WriteData(0x81);    // open PWM (SYS_CLK / 2 as best I can tell)
        is_enabled = true;
    }
    WriteCommand(0x8b, brightness);  // Brightness parameter 0xff-0x00
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::Backlight(float brightness)
{
    unsigned char b;
    
    if (brightness > 1.0)
        b = 255;
    else if (brightness < 0)
        b = 0;
    else
        b = (unsigned char)(brightness * 255);
    return Backlight_u8(b);
}


RetCode_t RA8875::set_font(const unsigned char * _font)
{
    font = _font;
    return noerror;     // trusting them, but we could put some checks in here...
}

RetCode_t RA8875::background(color_t color)
{
    WriteCommand(0x60, (color>>11));                  // BGCR0
    WriteCommand(0x61, (unsigned char)(color>>5));    // BGCR0
    WriteCommand(0x62, (unsigned char)(color));       // BGCR0
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::background(unsigned char r, unsigned char g, unsigned char b)
{
    WriteCommand(0x60, r);
    WriteCommand(0x61, g);
    WriteCommand(0x62, b);
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::foreground(color_t color)
{
    WriteCommand(0x63, (unsigned char)(color>>11));
    WriteCommand(0x64, (unsigned char)(color>>5));
    WriteCommand(0x65, (unsigned char)(color));
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::foreground(unsigned char setR, unsigned char setG, unsigned char setB)
{
    WriteCommand(0x63, setR);
    WriteCommand(0x64, setG);
    WriteCommand(0x65, setB);
    return noerror;
}

unsigned int RA8875::GetForeColor(void)
{
    color_t color;
    
    color  = (ReadCommand(0x63) & 0x1F) << 11;
    color |= (ReadCommand(0x64) & 0x3F) << 5;
    color |= (ReadCommand(0x65) & 0x1F);
    return color;
}

color_t RA8875::DOSColor(int i)
    {
    const color_t colors[16] = 
        {
        Black,    Blue,       Green,       Cyan,
        Red,      Magenta,    Brown,       Gray,
        Charcoal, BrightBlue, BrightGreen, BrightCyan,
        Orange,   Pink,       Yellow,      White
        };
    if (i < 16)
        return colors[i];
    else
        return 0;
    }

const char * RA8875::DOSColorNames(int i) 
    {
    const char * names[16] = 
        {
        "Black",    "Blue",       "Green",       "Cyan",
        "Red",      "Magenta",    "Brown",       "Gray",
        "Charcoal", "BrightBlue", "BrightGreen", "BrightCyan",
        "Orange",   "Pink",       "Yellow",      "White"
        };
    if (i < 16)
        return names[i];
    else
        return NULL;
    }


///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Private functions

unsigned char RA8875::spiwrite(unsigned char data)
{
    unsigned char retval;
    
    retval = spi.write(data);
    return retval;
}

unsigned char RA8875::spiread(void)
{
    unsigned char retval;
    unsigned char data = 0;
    
    retval = spi.write(data);
    return retval;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::select(bool chipsel)
{
    cs = (chipsel == true) ? 0 : 1;
    return noerror;
}

RetCode_t RA8875::init(void)
{
    Backlight_u8(0);
    WriteCommand(0x88, 0x0a);               // PLLC1 - Phase Lock Loop registers
    wait_ms(1);
    WriteCommand(0x89, 0x02);
    wait_ms(1);
    
    // System Config Register (SYSR)
    WriteCommand(0x10, 0x0C);           // 16-bpp (65K colors) color depth, 8-bit interface
    // Pixel Clock Setting Register (PCSR)
    WriteCommand(0x04, 0x82);           // PDAT on PCLK falling edge, PCLK = 4 x System Clock
    wait_ms(1);

    // Horizontal Settings
    WriteCommand(0x14, RA8875_DISPLAY_WIDTH/8 - 1); //HDWR//Horizontal Display Width Setting Bit[6:0]
    WriteCommand(0x15, 0x02);                     //HNDFCR//Horizontal Non-Display Period fine tune Bit[3:0]
    WriteCommand(0x16, 0x03);                     //HNDR//Horizontal Non-Display Period Bit[4:0]
    WriteCommand(0x17, 0x01);                     //HSTR//HSYNC Start Position[4:0]
    WriteCommand(0x18, 0x03);                     //HPWR//HSYNC Polarity ,The period width of HSYNC.

    // Vertical Settings
    WriteCommand(0x19, (RA8875_DISPLAY_HEIGHT-1)&0xFF); //VDHR0 //Vertical Display Height Bit [7:0]
    WriteCommand(0x1a, (RA8875_DISPLAY_HEIGHT-1)>>8);   //VDHR1 //Vertical Display Height Bit [8]
    WriteCommand(0x1b, 0x0F);                     //VNDR0 //Vertical Non-Display Period Bit [7:0]
    WriteCommand(0x1c, 0x00);                     //VNDR1 //Vertical Non-Display Period Bit [8]
    WriteCommand(0x1d, 0x0e);                     //VSTR0 //VSYNC Start Position[7:0]
    WriteCommand(0x1e, 0x06);                     //VSTR1 //VSYNC Start Position[8]
    WriteCommand(0x1f, 0x01);                     //VPWR //VSYNC Polarity ,VSYNC Pulse Width[6:0]

    // Clear ram image
    SetWindow(0,0, width(), height());          // Initialize to full screen
    SetTextCursorControl();
    foreground(Black);
    background(Black);
    cls();
    return noerror;
}

#ifdef TESTENABLE

//      ______________  ______________  ______________  _______________
//     /_____   _____/ /  ___________/ /  ___________/ /_____   ______/
//          /  /      /  /            /  /                  /  /
//         /  /      /  /___         /  /__________        /  /
//        /  /      /  ____/        /__________   /       /  /
//       /  /      /  /                       /  /       /  /
//      /  /      /  /__________  ___________/  /       /  /
//     /__/      /_____________/ /_____________/       /__/
//
//    Everything from here down is test code.

void TextCursorTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    const char * iCursor = "The I-Beam cursor should be visible for this text, but it should not be blinking while writing this text.\r\n";
    const char * uCursor = "The Underscore cursor should be visible for this text, but it should not be blinking while writing this text.\r\n";
    const char * bCursor = "The Block cursor should be visible for this text, but it should not be blinking while writing this text.\r\n";
    const char * bbCursor = "The Blinking Block cursor should be visible for this text, and it should be blinking while writing this text.\r\n";
    const char * p;
    
    pc.printf("Text Cursor Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.Backlight_u8(255);
    display.puts(0,0, "Text Cursor Test.");
    
    // visible, non-blinking
    display.SetTextCursor(0,20);
    display.SetTextCursorControl(IBEAM, false);
    p = iCursor;
    while (*p) {
        display._putc(*p++);
        wait_ms(100);
    }

    display.SetTextCursorControl(UNDER, false);
    p = uCursor;
    while (*p) {
        display._putc(*p++);
        wait_ms(100);
    }
    
    display.SetTextCursorControl(BLOCK, false);
    p = bCursor;
    while (*p) {
        display._putc(*p++);
        wait_ms(100);
    }

    display.SetTextCursorControl(BLOCK, true);
    p = bbCursor;
    while (*p) {
        display._putc(*p++);
        wait_ms(100);
    }
    wait_ms(2000);
    display.SetTextCursorControl(NOCURSOR, false);
}

void BacklightTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc, float ramptime)
{
    pc.printf("Backlight Test - ramp over %f sec.\r\n", ramptime);
    display.Backlight_u8(0);
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "RA8875 Backlight Test - Ramp up.");
    for (int i=0; i < 255; i++) {
        display.Backlight_u8(i);
        wait_ms((ramptime * 1000)/ 256);
    }
}

void BacklightTest2(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    pc.printf("Backlight Test 2\r\n");
    // Dim it out at the end of the tests.
    display.foreground(Yellow);
    display.puts(0,0, "Ramp Backlight down.");
    // Ramp it off
    for (int i=255; i != 0; i--) {
        display.Backlight_u8(i);
        wait_ms(20);
    }
    display.Backlight_u8(0);
}

void ExternalFontTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    pc.printf("External Font Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.Backlight(1);
    display.set_font(Arial12x12);
    display.puts(0,0,"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPWRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
}

void DOSColorTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    pc.printf("DOS Color Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "DOS Colors - Fore");
    display.puts(280,0, "Back");
    display.background(Gray);
    for (int i=0; i<16; i++) {
        display.foreground(display.DOSColor(i));
        display.puts(160, i*16, display.DOSColorNames(i));
        display.background(Black);
    }
    display.foreground(White);
    for (int i=0; i<16; i++) {
        display.background(display.DOSColor(i));
        display.puts(360, i*16, display.DOSColorNames(i));
        display.foreground(White);
    }
}

void WebColorTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    pc.printf("Web Color Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.SetWindow(0,0, display.width(), display.height());
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Web Color Test\r\n");
    display.SetTextFontSize(1,2);
    for (int i=0; i<sizeof(WebColors)/sizeof(WebColors[0]); i++) {
        display.background(WebColors[i]);
        display.puts(" ");
        if (i % 36 == 35)
            display.puts("\r\n");
    }
    display.SetTextFontSize(1,1);
}

void LineTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    int i, x, y, x2, y2;

    pc.printf("Line Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Line Test");
    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        // Lines
        x = rand() % 480;
        y = rand() % 272;
        x2 = rand() % 480;
        y2 = rand() % 272;
        display.line(x,y, x2,y2, display.DOSColor(i));
    }
}

void RectangleTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    int i, x1,y1, x2,y2;

    pc.printf("Rectangle Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Rectangle Test");
    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        x1 = rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = rand() % 240;
        y2 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        display.rect(x1,y1, x2,y2, display.DOSColor(i));

        x1 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y2 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        display.rect(x1,y1, x2,y2, FILL);
    }
}


void RoundRectTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    unsigned int i, x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2;

    pc.printf("Round Rectangle Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Rounded Rectangle Test");
    
    #if 0
    i = 3;
    x1 = 30; y1 = 30;
    x2 = 200; y2 = 100;
    r1 = 10; r2 = 20;
    pc.printf("  (%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d): (%2d,%2d) - %04X\r\n", x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2, display.DOSColor(i));
    display.roundrect(x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2, display.DOSColor(i));
    
    x1 = 230; y1 = 30;
    x2 = 400; y2 = 100;
    r1 = 30; r2 = 34;
    pc.printf("  (%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d): (%2d,%2d) - %04X\r\n", x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2, display.DOSColor(i));
    display.roundrect(x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2, display.DOSColor(i), NOFILL);
    #endif
    
    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        x1 = rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = x1 + rand() % 100;
        y2 = y1 + rand() % 100;
        r1 = rand() % (x2 - x1)/2;
        r2 = rand() % (y2 - y1)/2;
        display.roundrect(x1,y1, x2,y2, 5,8, display.DOSColor(i));

        x1 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = x1 + rand() % 100;
        y2 = y1 + rand() % 100;
        r1 = rand() % (x2 - x1)/2;
        r2 = rand() % (y2 - y1)/2;
        display.roundrect(x1,y1, x2,y2, r1,r2, FILL);
    }
}

void TriangleTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    int i, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3;

    pc.printf("Triangle Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Triangle Test");

    x1 = 150;
    y1 = 2;
    x2 = 190;
    y2 = 7;
    x3 = 170;
    y3 = 16;
    display.triangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3);

    x1 = 200;
    y1 = 2;
    x2 = 240;
    y2 = 7;
    x3 = 220;
    y3 = 16;
    display.filltriangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, BrightRed);

    x1 = 300;
    y1 = 2;
    x2 = 340;
    y2 = 7;
    x3 = 320;
    y3 = 16;
    display.triangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, NOFILL);

    x1 = 400;
    y1 = 2;
    x2 = 440;
    y2 = 7;
    x3 = 420;
    y3 = 16;
    display.triangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, Blue);

    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        x1 = rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = rand() % 240;
        y2 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x3 = rand() % 240;
        y3 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        display.triangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, display.DOSColor(i));
        x1 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y1 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x2 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y2 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        x3 = 240 + rand() % 240;
        y3 = 50 + rand() % 200;
        display.triangle(x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, FILL);
    }
}

void CircleTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    int i, x, y, r1;

    pc.printf("Circle Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Circle Test");
    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        x = 100 + rand() % 100;
        y = 70 + rand() % 200;
        r1 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        //pc.printf("  (%d,%d) - %d\r\n", x,y,r1);
        display.circle(x,y,r1, display.DOSColor(i));

        x = 300 + rand() % 100;
        y = 70 + rand() % 200;
        r1 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        //pc.printf("  (%d,%d) - %d FILL\r\n", x,y,r1);
        display.circle(x,y,r1, display.DOSColor(i), FILL);
    }
}

void EllipseTest(RA8875 & display, Serial & pc)
{
    int i,x,y,r1,r2;

    pc.printf("Ellipse Test\r\n");
    display.background(Black);
    display.foreground(Blue);
    display.cls();
    display.puts(0,0, "Ellipse Test");
    for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
        x = 100 + rand() % 100;
        y = 70 + rand() % 200;
        r1 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        r2 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        display.ellipse(x,y,r1,r2, display.DOSColor(i));

        x = 300 + rand() % 100;
        y = 70 + rand() % 200;
        r1 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        r2 = rand() % min(y - 20, 100);
        display.ellipse(x,y,r1,r2, FILL);
    }
}

void RunTestSet(RA8875 & lcd, Serial & pc)
{
    int q = 0;
    int automode = 0;
    const unsigned char modelist[] = "BDWLROTCEbt";   // auto-test in this order.

    while(1) {
        pc.printf("\r\n"
                  "B - Backlight up    b - backlight dim\r\n"
                  "D - DOS Colors      W - Web Colors\r\n"
                  "t - text cursor                      \r\n"
                  "L - Lines           F - external Font\r\n"
                  "R - Rectangles      O - rOund rectangles\r\n"
                  "T - Triangles                        \r\n"
                  "C - Circles         E - Ellipses\r\n"
                  "A - Auto Test mode  r - reset  \r\n"
                  "> ");
        if (automode == -1 || pc.readable()) {
            automode = -1;
            q = getchar();
        } else if (automode >= 0) {
            q = modelist[automode];
        }
        switch(q) {
            case 'A':
                automode = 0;
                break;
            case 'B':
                BacklightTest(lcd, pc, 2);
                break;
            case 'b':
                BacklightTest2(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'D':
                DOSColorTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'W':
                WebColorTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 't':
                TextCursorTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'F':
                ExternalFontTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'L':
                LineTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'R':
                RectangleTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'O':
                RoundRectTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'T':
                TriangleTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'C':
                CircleTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'E':
                EllipseTest(lcd, pc);
                break;
            case 'r':
                pc.printf("Resetting ...\r\n");
                wait_ms(20);
                mbed_reset();
                break;
            default:
                printf("huh?\n");
                break;
        }
        if (automode >= 0) {
            automode++;
            if (automode >= sizeof(modelist))
                automode = 0;
            wait_ms(2000);
        }
        wait_ms(200);
    }
}

#endif // TESTENABLE