Keiarash Zoughi's Multi-Sensor for weather detection.
Dependencies: BMP180 N5110 mbed
main.cpp@3:2b49a80bd90b, 2015-05-06 (annotated)
- Committer:
- el13kz
- Date:
- Wed May 06 15:39:53 2015 +0000
- Revision:
- 3:2b49a80bd90b
- Parent:
- 2:635c58eb70fb
switch loop way
Who changed what in which revision?
User | Revision | Line number | New contents of line |
---|---|---|---|
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 1 | #include "mbed.h" |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 2 | #include "N5110.h" |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 3 | #include "BMP180.h" |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 4 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 5 | #define PI 3.14159265359 |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 6 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 7 | //LCD inputs |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 8 | N5110 lcd(p7,p8,p9,p10,p11,p13,p26); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 9 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 10 | //serial port for debugging |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 11 | Serial serial(USBTX,USBRX); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 12 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 13 | //LED outputs |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 14 | BusOut leds(LED4,LED3,LED2,LED1); // LEDs for display |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 15 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 16 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 17 | //select button |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 18 | DigitalIn pushbutton1(p19); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 19 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 20 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 21 | //barometer sensor input |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 22 | BMP180 bmp180(p28,p27); // SDA, SCL |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 23 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 24 | //warning LED |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 25 | PwmOut Redled(p24); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 26 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 27 | //globals |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 28 | int selectedOption = 0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 29 | int buttonPressed = 0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 30 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 31 | //boundary conditions - screen |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 32 | int cells[84][48]; |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 33 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 34 | //shows pressure reading and temperature |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 35 | void measurement() |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 36 | { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 37 | Measurement measurement; // measurement structure declared in BMP180 class |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 38 | while(1) { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 39 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 40 | // read values (T in Celsius and P in mb) and print over serial port |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 41 | measurement = bmp180.readValues(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 42 | serial.printf("T = %.2f C P = %.2f mb\n",measurement.temperature,measurement.pressure); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 43 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 44 | char buffer[14]; // each character is 6 pixels wide, screen is 84 pixels (84/6 = 14) |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 45 | // so can display a string of a maximum 14 characters in length |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 46 | // or create formatted strings - ensure they aren't more than 14 characters long |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 47 | int temperature = measurement.temperature; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 48 | int length = sprintf(buffer,"T = %2d C",temperature); // print formatted data to buffer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 49 | // it is important the format specifier ensures the length will fit in the buffer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 50 | if (length <= 14) // if string will fit on display |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 51 | lcd.printString(buffer,0,1); // display on screen |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 52 | // |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 53 | float pressure = measurement.pressure; // same idea with floats |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 54 | length = sprintf(buffer,"P = %.2f mb",pressure); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 55 | if (length <= 14) |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 56 | lcd.printString(buffer,0,2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 57 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 58 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 59 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 60 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 61 | //pushbutton - 0 |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 62 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 63 | //plots graph of temperature point by point |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 64 | void graph() |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 65 | { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 66 | Measurement measurement; // measurement structure declared in BMP180 class |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 67 | int i = 0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 68 | float graph[84]= {0}; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 69 | while(1) { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 70 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 71 | // read values (T in Celsius and P in mb) and print over serial port |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 72 | measurement = bmp180.readValues(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 73 | //serial.printf("T = %.2f C P = %.2f mb\n",measurement.temperature,measurement.pressure); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 74 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 75 | // so can display a string of a maximum 14 characters in length |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 76 | // or create formatted strings - ensure they aren't more than 14 characters long |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 77 | int temperature = measurement.temperature; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 78 | // int length = sprintf(buffer,"T = %2d C",temperature); // print formatted data to buffer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 79 | // it is important the format specifier ensures the length will fit in the buffer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 80 | // if (length <= 14) // if string will fit on display |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 81 | // lcd.printString(buffer,0,1); // display on screen |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 82 | // |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 83 | // float pressure = measurement.pressure; // same idea with floats |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 84 | // length = sprintf(buffer,"P = %.2f mb",pressure); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 85 | // if (length <= 14) |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 86 | // lcd.printString(buffer,0,2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 87 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 88 | graph[i]= temperature ; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 89 | lcd.plotArray(graph); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 90 | wait(0.1); // short delay until next reading |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 91 | i++; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 92 | if (i>83) { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 93 | i=0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 94 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 95 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 96 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 97 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 98 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 99 | void settingScreen() |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 100 | { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 101 | selectedOption = 0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 102 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 103 | while(pushbutton1) { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 104 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 105 | lcd.drawRect(70,6,10,10,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 106 | lcd.drawRect(70,21,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 107 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 108 | lcd.printString("clock",1,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 109 | lcd.printString(">",62,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 110 | selectedOption = 1; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 111 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 112 | wait(2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 113 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 114 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 115 | lcd.drawRect(70,6,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 116 | lcd.drawRect(70,21,10,10,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 117 | lcd.printString("go back",1,3); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 118 | lcd.printString(">",62,3); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 119 | selectedOption = 2; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 120 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 121 | wait(2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 122 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 123 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 124 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 125 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 126 | if(selectedOption == 1) { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 127 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 128 | measurement(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 129 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 130 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 131 | if(selectedOption == 2) { |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 132 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 133 | graph(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 134 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 135 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 136 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 137 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 138 | void introScreen() |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 139 | { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 140 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 141 | lcd.printString("Welcome to",15,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 142 | lcd.printString("Keiarash's",20,2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 143 | lcd.printString("Multi-Sensor",6,3); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 144 | Redled= 1.0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 145 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 146 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 147 | } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 148 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 149 | void mainScreen() |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 150 | { |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 151 | selectedOption = 0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 152 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 153 | while(pushbutton1) {//initialse pushbutton as 0 |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 154 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 155 | //check boxes-options to be selected |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 156 | lcd.drawRect(70,6,10,10,1);//check box 1 |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 157 | lcd.drawRect(70,21,10,10,0);//check box 2 |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 158 | lcd.drawRect(70,37,10,10,0);//check box 3 |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 159 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 160 | //option titles-appropriate to check boxes |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 161 | lcd.printString("measure",1,1);//select measure menu |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 162 | lcd.printString("settings",1,3);//select settings menu |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 163 | lcd.printString("graph",1,5);//select grpah plot |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 164 | lcd.printString(">",62,1);//pointer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 165 | selectedOption = 1; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 166 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 167 | wait(2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 168 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 169 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 170 | lcd.drawRect(70,6,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 171 | lcd.drawRect(70,21,10,10,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 172 | lcd.drawRect(70,37,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 173 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 174 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 175 | lcd.printString("measure",1,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 176 | lcd.printString("settings",1,3); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 177 | lcd.printString("graph",1,5); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 178 | lcd.printString(">",62,3); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 179 | selectedOption = 2; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 180 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 181 | wait(2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 182 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 183 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 184 | lcd.drawRect(70,6,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 185 | lcd.drawRect(70,21,10,10,0); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 186 | lcd.drawRect(70,37,10,10,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 187 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 188 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 189 | lcd.printString("measure",1,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 190 | lcd.printString("settings",1,3); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 191 | lcd.printString("graph",1,5); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 192 | lcd.printString(">",62,5); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 193 | selectedOption = 3; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 194 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 195 | wait(2); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 196 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 197 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 198 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 199 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 200 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 201 | switch(buttonPressed){ |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 202 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 203 | case 1: |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 204 | measurement(); |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 205 | break; |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 206 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 207 | case 2: |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 208 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 209 | settingScreen(); |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 210 | break; |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 211 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 212 | case 3: |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 213 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 214 | graph(); |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 215 | break; |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 216 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 217 | |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 218 | } |
el13kz | 3:2b49a80bd90b | 219 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 220 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 221 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 222 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 223 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 224 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 225 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 226 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 227 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 228 | void check(){ |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 229 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 230 | Redled.period(0.02); // set PWM period to 20ms |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 231 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 232 | Measurement measurement; // measurement structure declared in BMP180 class |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 233 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 234 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 235 | // read values (T in Celsius and P in mb) and print over serial port |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 236 | measurement = bmp180.readValues(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 237 | serial.printf("T = %.2f C P = %.2f mb\n",measurement.temperature,measurement.pressure); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 238 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 239 | char buffer[14]; // each character is 6 pixels wide, screen is 84 pixels (84/6 = 14) |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 240 | // so can display a string of a maximum 14 characters in length |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 241 | // or create formatted strings - ensure they aren't more than 14 characters long |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 242 | int temperature = measurement.temperature; |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 243 | int length = sprintf(buffer,"T = %2d C",temperature); // print formatted data to buffer |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 244 | // it is important the format specifier ensures the length will fit in the buffer |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 245 | if (length <= 14) // if string will fit on display |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 246 | lcd.printString(buffer,0,1); // display on screen |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 247 | // |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 248 | float pressure = measurement.pressure; // same idea with floats |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 249 | length = sprintf(buffer,"P = %.2f mb",pressure); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 250 | if (length <= 14) |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 251 | lcd.printString(buffer,0,2); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 252 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 253 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 254 | if(measurement.temperature > 30 ){ |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 255 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 256 | lcd.printString("temperature high!",1,1); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 257 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 258 | Redled=1.0; |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 259 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 260 | wait(3); } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 261 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 262 | if(measurement.temperature < 3){ |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 263 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 264 | lcd.printString("temperature low!",1,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 265 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 266 | Redled= 1.0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 267 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 268 | wait(3); } |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 269 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 270 | else { lcd.printString("temperature ok!",1,1); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 271 | wait(3); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 272 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 273 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 274 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 275 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 276 | void altitude(){ // creating a new reading from the current ones, this appoximates the altitude in metres. |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 277 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 278 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 279 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 280 | Measurement measurement; // measurement structure declared in BMP180 class |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 281 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 282 | while(1){ |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 283 | // read values (T in Celsius and P in mb) and print over serial port |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 284 | measurement = bmp180.readValues(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 285 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 286 | int temperature = measurement.temperature; |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 287 | int pressure = measurement.pressure; // same idea with floats |
el13kz | 1:dea8267d47d6 | 288 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 289 | float altitude = -(log(pressure/1013.25)*1.38e-23*temperature)/(9.81*28.95); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 290 | serial.printf("A = %.2f metres",altitude); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 291 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 292 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 293 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 294 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 295 | //main loop |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 296 | int main() |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 297 | { |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 298 | pushbutton1.mode(PullUp);//initial value 0 |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 299 | // initiliase barometer |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 300 | bmp180.init(); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 301 | |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 302 | lcd.init(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 303 | introScreen(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 304 | wait(3); |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 305 | Redled =0; |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 306 | lcd.clear(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 307 | mainScreen(); |
el13kz | 0:771a5148e8e7 | 308 | |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 309 | while(1) { |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 310 | } |
el13kz | 2:635c58eb70fb | 311 | } |