HTTP and HTTPS example application for Mbed OS 5

Dependencies:   mbed-http

This application demonstrates how to make HTTP and HTTPS requests and parse the response from Mbed OS 5.

It consists of six example applications, which you can select in source/select-demo.h:

Response parsing is done through nodejs/http-parser.

Note: HTTPS requests do not work on targets with less than 128K of RAM due to the size of the TLS handshake. For more background see mbed-http.

To build

  1. If you're using WiFi, specify the credentials in mbed_app.json.
  2. Build the project in the online compiler or using Mbed CLI.
  3. Flash the project to your development board.
  4. Attach a serial monitor to your board to see the debug messages.

Defining the network interface

This application uses the on-board network interface for your board. If you use an external network interface (f.e. a WiFi module) you need to add the driver to this project. Then, open network-helper.h and specify which network driver to use.

More information is in the Mbed OS documentation under IP Networking.

Entropy (or lack thereof)

On all platforms that do not have the TRNG feature, the application is compiled without TLS entropy sources. This means that your code is inherently unsafe and should not be deployed to any production systems. To enable entropy, remove the MBEDTLS_NO_DEFAULT_ENTROPY_SOURCES and MBEDTLS_TEST_NULL_ENTROPY macros from mbed_app.json.

Flash size

Default flash size for HTTPS is very large, as the application is loading the default Mbed TLS configuration. To use a more optimized version, you can disable unused cypher suites and other Mbed TLS features with a custom configuration file. Create a new configuration file, then add in mbed_app.json:

"MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE=\"mbedtls_config.h\""

to the macros array.

Running tests

You can run the integration tests from this project via Mbed CLI.

  1. In select-demo.h set the DEMO macro to DEMO_TESTS.
  2. Set your WiFi credentials in mbed_app.json.
  3. Then run the tests via:

$ mbed test -v -n mbed-http-tests-tests-*

Tested on

  • K64F with Ethernet.
  • NUCLEO_F411RE with ESP8266 (not working on Mbed OS 5.12+)
  • ODIN-W2 with WiFi.
  • K64F with Atmel 6LoWPAN shield.
  • DISCO-L475VG-IOT01A with WiFi (requires the wifi-ism43362 driver).
Committer:
Jan Jongboom
Date:
Wed Dec 05 17:16:00 2018 +0900
Revision:
34:7da6cfc032fc
Parent:
31:66704f6f17c5
Update os.mbed.com CA

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 1 #define MBED_CONF_MBED_TRACE_ENABLE 1
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 2
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 3 #include "select-demo.h"
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 4
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 5 #if DEMO == DEMO_HTTPS
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 6
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 7 #include "mbed.h"
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 8 #include "mbed_trace.h"
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 9 #include "https_request.h"
Jan Jongboom 30:4825e4f38844 10 #include "network-helper.h"
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 11
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 12 /* List of trusted root CA certificates
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 13 * currently two: Amazon, the CA for os.mbed.com and Let's Encrypt, the CA for httpbin.org
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 14 *
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 15 * To add more root certificates, just concatenate them.
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 16 */
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 17 const char SSL_CA_PEM[] = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 18 "MIIDQTCCAimgAwIBAgITBmyfz5m/jAo54vB4ikPmljZbyjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 19 "ADA5MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEPMA0GA1UEChMGQW1hem9uMRkwFwYDVQQDExBBbWF6\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 20 "b24gUm9vdCBDQSAxMB4XDTE1MDUyNjAwMDAwMFoXDTM4MDExNzAwMDAwMFowOTEL\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 21 "MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkFtYXpvbjEZMBcGA1UEAxMQQW1hem9uIFJv\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 22 "b3QgQ0EgMTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBALJ4gHHKeNXj\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 23 "ca9HgFB0fW7Y14h29Jlo91ghYPl0hAEvrAIthtOgQ3pOsqTQNroBvo3bSMgHFzZM\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 24 "9O6II8c+6zf1tRn4SWiw3te5djgdYZ6k/oI2peVKVuRF4fn9tBb6dNqcmzU5L/qw\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 25 "IFAGbHrQgLKm+a/sRxmPUDgH3KKHOVj4utWp+UhnMJbulHheb4mjUcAwhmahRWa6\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 26 "VOujw5H5SNz/0egwLX0tdHA114gk957EWW67c4cX8jJGKLhD+rcdqsq08p8kDi1L\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 27 "93FcXmn/6pUCyziKrlA4b9v7LWIbxcceVOF34GfID5yHI9Y/QCB/IIDEgEw+OyQm\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 28 "jgSubJrIqg0CAwEAAaNCMEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMC\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 29 "AYYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFIQYzIU07LwMlJQuCFmcx7IQTgoIMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 30 "A4IBAQCY8jdaQZChGsV2USggNiMOruYou6r4lK5IpDB/G/wkjUu0yKGX9rbxenDI\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 31 "U5PMCCjjmCXPI6T53iHTfIUJrU6adTrCC2qJeHZERxhlbI1Bjjt/msv0tadQ1wUs\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 32 "N+gDS63pYaACbvXy8MWy7Vu33PqUXHeeE6V/Uq2V8viTO96LXFvKWlJbYK8U90vv\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 33 "o/ufQJVtMVT8QtPHRh8jrdkPSHCa2XV4cdFyQzR1bldZwgJcJmApzyMZFo6IQ6XU\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 34 "5MsI+yMRQ+hDKXJioaldXgjUkK642M4UwtBV8ob2xJNDd2ZhwLnoQdeXeGADbkpy\n"
Jan Jongboom 34:7da6cfc032fc 35 "rqXRfboQnoZsG4q5WTP468SQvvG5\n"
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 36 "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n"
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 37 "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 38 "MIIEkjCCA3qgAwIBAgIQCgFBQgAAAVOFc2oLheynCDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADA/\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 39 "MSQwIgYDVQQKExtEaWdpdGFsIFNpZ25hdHVyZSBUcnVzdCBDby4xFzAVBgNVBAMT\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 40 "DkRTVCBSb290IENBIFgzMB4XDTE2MDMxNzE2NDA0NloXDTIxMDMxNzE2NDA0Nlow\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 41 "SjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFjAUBgNVBAoTDUxldCdzIEVuY3J5cHQxIzAhBgNVBAMT\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 42 "GkxldCdzIEVuY3J5cHQgQXV0aG9yaXR5IFgzMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOC\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 43 "AQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAnNMM8FrlLke3cl03g7NoYzDq1zUmGSXhvb418XCSL7e4S0EF\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 44 "q6meNQhY7LEqxGiHC6PjdeTm86dicbp5gWAf15Gan/PQeGdxyGkOlZHP/uaZ6WA8\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 45 "SMx+yk13EiSdRxta67nsHjcAHJyse6cF6s5K671B5TaYucv9bTyWaN8jKkKQDIZ0\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 46 "Z8h/pZq4UmEUEz9l6YKHy9v6Dlb2honzhT+Xhq+w3Brvaw2VFn3EK6BlspkENnWA\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 47 "a6xK8xuQSXgvopZPKiAlKQTGdMDQMc2PMTiVFrqoM7hD8bEfwzB/onkxEz0tNvjj\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 48 "/PIzark5McWvxI0NHWQWM6r6hCm21AvA2H3DkwIDAQABo4IBfTCCAXkwEgYDVR0T\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 49 "AQH/BAgwBgEB/wIBADAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAYYwfwYIKwYBBQUHAQEEczBxMDIG\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 50 "CCsGAQUFBzABhiZodHRwOi8vaXNyZy50cnVzdGlkLm9jc3AuaWRlbnRydXN0LmNv\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 51 "bTA7BggrBgEFBQcwAoYvaHR0cDovL2FwcHMuaWRlbnRydXN0LmNvbS9yb290cy9k\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 52 "c3Ryb290Y2F4My5wN2MwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUxKexpHsscfrb4UuQdf/EFWCFiRAw\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 53 "VAYDVR0gBE0wSzAIBgZngQwBAgEwPwYLKwYBBAGC3xMBAQEwMDAuBggrBgEFBQcC\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 54 "ARYiaHR0cDovL2Nwcy5yb290LXgxLmxldHNlbmNyeXB0Lm9yZzA8BgNVHR8ENTAz\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 55 "MDGgL6AthitodHRwOi8vY3JsLmlkZW50cnVzdC5jb20vRFNUUk9PVENBWDNDUkwu\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 56 "Y3JsMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSoSmpjBH3duubRObemRWXv86jsoTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 57 "AAOCAQEA3TPXEfNjWDjdGBX7CVW+dla5cEilaUcne8IkCJLxWh9KEik3JHRRHGJo\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 58 "uM2VcGfl96S8TihRzZvoroed6ti6WqEBmtzw3Wodatg+VyOeph4EYpr/1wXKtx8/\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 59 "wApIvJSwtmVi4MFU5aMqrSDE6ea73Mj2tcMyo5jMd6jmeWUHK8so/joWUoHOUgwu\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 60 "X4Po1QYz+3dszkDqMp4fklxBwXRsW10KXzPMTZ+sOPAveyxindmjkW8lGy+QsRlG\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 61 "PfZ+G6Z6h7mjem0Y+iWlkYcV4PIWL1iwBi8saCbGS5jN2p8M+X+Q7UNKEkROb3N6\n"
Jan Jongboom 10:e79a808ebbe8 62 "KOqkqm57TH2H3eDJAkSnh6/DNFu0Qg==\n"
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 63 "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 64
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 65 void dump_response(HttpResponse* res) {
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 66 printf("Status: %d - %s\n", res->get_status_code(), res->get_status_message().c_str());
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 67
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 68 printf("Headers:\n");
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 69 for (size_t ix = 0; ix < res->get_headers_length(); ix++) {
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 70 printf("\t%s: %s\n", res->get_headers_fields()[ix]->c_str(), res->get_headers_values()[ix]->c_str());
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 71 }
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 72 printf("\nBody (%lu bytes):\n\n%s\n", res->get_body_length(), res->get_body_as_string().c_str());
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 73 }
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 74
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 75 int main() {
Jan Jongboom 30:4825e4f38844 76 NetworkInterface* network = connect_to_default_network_interface();
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 77 if (!network) {
Jan Jongboom 30:4825e4f38844 78 printf("Cannot connect to the network, see serial output\n");
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 79 return 1;
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 80 }
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 81
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 82 mbed_trace_init();
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 83
Jan Jongboom 30:4825e4f38844 84 // GET request to os.mbed.com
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 85 {
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 86 printf("\n----- HTTPS GET request -----\n");
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 87
Jan Jongboom 25:a8be9f3a530c 88 HttpsRequest* get_req = new HttpsRequest(network, SSL_CA_PEM, HTTP_GET, "https://os.mbed.com/media/uploads/mbed_official/hello.txt");
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 89
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 90 HttpResponse* get_res = get_req->send();
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 91 if (!get_res) {
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 92 printf("HttpRequest failed (error code %d)\n", get_req->get_error());
Jan Jongboom 31:66704f6f17c5 93 return 1;
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 94 }
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 95 printf("\n----- HTTPS GET response -----\n");
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 96 dump_response(get_res);
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 97
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 98 delete get_req;
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 99 }
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 100
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 101 // POST request to httpbin.org
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 102 {
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 103 printf("\n----- HTTPS POST request -----\n");
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 104
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 105 HttpsRequest* post_req = new HttpsRequest(network, SSL_CA_PEM, HTTP_POST, "https://httpbin.org/post");
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 106 post_req->set_header("Content-Type", "application/json");
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 107
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 108 const char body[] = "{\"hello\":\"world\"}";
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 109
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 110 HttpResponse* post_res = post_req->send(body, strlen(body));
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 111 if (!post_res) {
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 112 printf("HttpRequest failed (error code %d)\n", post_req->get_error());
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 113 return 1;
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 114 }
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 115
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 116 printf("\n----- HTTPS POST response -----\n");
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 117 dump_response(post_res);
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 118
Jan Jongboom 5:42f713b19337 119 delete post_req;
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 120 }
Jan Jongboom 4:27fd8efb5bab 121
Jan Jongboom 28:9bccd981a393 122 wait(osWaitForever);
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 123 }
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 124
Jan Jongboom 0:85fdc69bc10c 125 #endif