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加速度センサのプログラムです(zの政府で判断、PCに表示)
Dependencies: mbed
Diff: mpu6050.h
- Revision:
- 0:d8462d09ff84
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/mpu6050.h Sat Nov 16 06:31:31 2019 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,702 @@ +#ifndef MPU6050_H +#define MPU6050_H + +#include "mbed.h" + +/** MPU6050 + * + * 三軸加速度&ジャイロセンサー + * 説明用に最低限のドキュメントを作成 + */ +class MPU6050 +{ +protected: + +public: + // Set initial input parameters + enum Ascale { + AFS_2G = 0, + AFS_4G, + AFS_8G, + AFS_16G + }; + + enum Gscale { + GFS_250DPS = 0, + GFS_500DPS, + GFS_1000DPS, + GFS_2000DPS + }; + +//=================================================================================================================== +//====== Set of useful function to access acceleratio, gyroscope, and temperature data +//=================================================================================================================== + /** センサの初期設定をする宣言 + * @param 12c_sda SDAをつないだピン名 + * @param i2c_scl SCLをつないだピン名 + * @param adO AD0ピンがhighとlowのどちらになっているか、普通は書かなくてもよい + */ + MPU6050( PinName i2c_sda, PinName i2c_scl, int ad0 = 0) + : i2c_p( new I2C( i2c_sda, i2c_scl ) ), i2c( *i2c_p ) { + + // Using the GY-521 breakout board, I set ADO to 0 by grounding through a 4k7 resistor + // Seven-bit device address is 110100 for ADO = 0 and 110101 for ADO = 1 + if(ad0 == 0) { + adr = 0x68 << 1; + } else { + adr = 0x69 << 1; + } + + // Specify sensor full scale + _Gscale = GFS_250DPS; + _Ascale = AFS_2G; + + _q[0] = 1.0f; + _q[1] = 0.0f; + _q[2] = 0.0f; + _q[3] = 0.0f; + deltat = 0.0f; + + // parameters for 6 DoF sensor fusion calculations + float PI = 3.14159265358979323846f; + float GyroMeasError = PI * (60.0f / 180.0f); // gyroscope measurement error in rads/s (start at 60 deg/s), then reduce after ~10 s to 3 + beta = sqrt(3.0f / 4.0f) * GyroMeasError; // compute beta + float GyroMeasDrift = PI * (1.0f / 180.0f); // gyroscope measurement drift in rad/s/s (start at 0.0 deg/s/s) + zeta = sqrt(3.0f / 4.0f) * GyroMeasDrift; // compute zeta, the other free parameter in the Madgwick scheme usually set to a small or zero value + + float gyroBias[3] = {0, 0, 0}, accelBias[3] = {0, 0, 0}; // Bias corrections for gyro and accelerometer + float SelfTest[6]; + + MPU6050SelfTest(SelfTest); + resetMPU6050(); + calibrateMPU6050(gyroBias, accelBias); + initMPU6050(); + } + + // scale resolutions per LSB for the sensors + float getGres() { + float gRes; + switch (_Gscale) { + // Possible gyro scales (and their register bit settings) are: + // 250 DPS (00), 500 DPS (01), 1000 DPS (10), and 2000 DPS (11). + // Here's a bit of an algorith to calculate DPS/(ADC tick) based on that 2-bit value: + case GFS_250DPS: + gRes = 250.0/32768.0; + break; + case GFS_500DPS: + gRes = 500.0/32768.0; + break; + case GFS_1000DPS: + gRes = 1000.0/32768.0; + break; + case GFS_2000DPS: + gRes = 2000.0/32768.0; + break; + } + return gRes; + } + + float getAres() { + float aRes; + switch (_Ascale) { + // Possible accelerometer scales (and their register bit settings) are: + // 2 Gs (00), 4 Gs (01), 8 Gs (10), and 16 Gs (11). + // Here's a bit of an algorith to calculate DPS/(ADC tick) based on that 2-bit value: + case AFS_2G: + aRes = 2.0/32768.0; + break; + case AFS_4G: + aRes = 4.0/32768.0; + break; + case AFS_8G: + aRes = 8.0/32768.0; + break; + case AFS_16G: + aRes = 16.0/32768.0; + break; + } + return aRes; + } + + + void readAccelData(int * destination) { + /** 加速度の読み出し + * @param destination int[3]の配列を渡してください、加速度をxyz順に返します + */ + uint8_t rawData[6]; // x/y/z accel register data stored here + readBytes(ACCEL_XOUT_H, 6, &rawData[0]); //(格納されているアドレス,データの長さ,格納するアドレス) Read the six raw data registers into data array + destination[0] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[0] << 8) | rawData[1]) ; // 受信の順番では上位8ビットと下位8ビットが逆になっているので,交換してやる必要がある。Turn the MSB and LSB into a signed 16-bit value + destination[1] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[2] << 8) | rawData[3]) ; + destination[2] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[4] << 8) | rawData[5]) ; + } + + void readGyroData(int * destination) { + /** 角速度の読み出し + * @param destination int[3]の配列を渡してください、角速度をxyz順に返します + */ + uint8_t rawData[6]; // x/y/z gyro register data stored here + readBytes(GYRO_XOUT_H, 6, &rawData[0]); // Read the six raw data registers sequentially into data array + destination[0] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[0] << 8) | rawData[1]) ; // 最上位ビットと最下位ビットを符号付16ビットに変換 + destination[1] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[2] << 8) | rawData[3]) ; + destination[2] = (int)(((int8_t)rawData[4] << 8) | rawData[5]) ; + } + + int readTempData() { + /** 温度の読み出し + * @return int型の変数に代入してください、温度を返します + */ + uint8_t rawData[2]; // x/y/z gyro register data stored here + readBytes(TEMP_OUT_H, 2, &rawData[0]); // Read the two raw data registers sequentially into data array + return (int)(((int8_t)rawData[0]) << 8 | rawData[1]) ; // Turn the MSB and LSB into a 16-bit value + } + + + +// Configure the motion detection control for low power accelerometer mode + void LowPowerAccelOnly() { + +// The sensor has a high-pass filter necessary to invoke to allow the sensor motion detection algorithms work properly +// Motion detection occurs on free-fall (acceleration below a threshold for some time for all axes), motion (acceleration +// above a threshold for some time on at least one axis), and zero-motion toggle (acceleration on each axis less than a +// threshold for some time sets this flag, motion above the threshold turns it off). The high-pass filter takes gravity out +// consideration for these threshold evaluations; otherwise, the flags would be set all the time! + + uint8_t c = readByte(PWR_MGMT_1); + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, c & ~0x30); // Clear sleep and cycle bits [5:6] + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, c | 0x30); // Set sleep and cycle bits [5:6] to zero to make sure accelerometer is running + + c = readByte(PWR_MGMT_2); + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_2, c & ~0x38); // Clear standby XA, YA, and ZA bits [3:5] + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_2, c | 0x00); // Set XA, YA, and ZA bits [3:5] to zero to make sure accelerometer is running + + c = readByte(ACCEL_CONFIG); + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c & ~0x07); // Clear high-pass filter bits [2:0] +// Set high-pass filter to 0) reset (disable), 1) 5 Hz, 2) 2.5 Hz, 3) 1.25 Hz, 4) 0.63 Hz, or 7) Hold + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c | 0x00); // Set ACCEL_HPF to 0; reset mode disbaling high-pass filter + + c = readByte(CONFIG); + writeByte(CONFIG, c & ~0x07); // Clear low-pass filter bits [2:0] + writeByte(CONFIG, c | 0x00); // Set DLPD_CFG to 0; 260 Hz bandwidth, 1 kHz rate + + c = readByte(INT_ENABLE); + writeByte(INT_ENABLE, c & ~0xFF); // Clear all interrupts + writeByte(INT_ENABLE, 0x40); // Enable motion threshold (bits 5) interrupt only + +// Motion detection interrupt requires the absolute value of any axis to lie above the detection threshold +// for at least the counter duration + writeByte(MOT_THR, 0x80); // Set motion detection to 0.256 g; LSB = 2 mg + writeByte(MOT_DUR, 0x01); // Set motion detect duration to 1 ms; LSB is 1 ms @ 1 kHz rate + + wait(0.1); // Add delay for accumulation of samples + + c = readByte(ACCEL_CONFIG); + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c & ~0x07); // Clear high-pass filter bits [2:0] + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c | 0x07); // Set ACCEL_HPF to 7; hold the initial accleration value as a referance + + c = readByte(PWR_MGMT_2); + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_2, c & ~0xC7); // Clear standby XA, YA, and ZA bits [3:5] and LP_WAKE_CTRL bits [6:7] + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_2, c | 0x47); // Set wakeup frequency to 5 Hz, and disable XG, YG, and ZG gyros (bits [0:2]) + + c = readByte(PWR_MGMT_1); + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, c & ~0x20); // Clear sleep and cycle bit 5 + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, c | 0x20); // Set cycle bit 5 to begin low power accelerometer motion interrupts + + } + + + void resetMPU6050() { + // reset device + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x80); // Write a one to bit 7 reset bit; toggle reset device + wait(0.1); + } + + + void initMPU6050() { +// Initialize MPU6050 device +// wake up device + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x00); // Clear sleep mode bit (6), enable all sensors + wait(0.1); // Delay 100 ms for PLL to get established on x-axis gyro; should check for PLL ready interrupt + +// get stable time source + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x01); // Set clock source to be PLL with x-axis gyroscope reference, bits 2:0 = 001 + +// Configure Gyro and Accelerometer +// Disable FSYNC and set accelerometer and gyro bandwidth to 44 and 42 Hz, respectively; +// DLPF_CFG = bits 2:0 = 010; this sets the sample rate at 1 kHz for both +// Maximum delay is 4.9 ms which is just over a 200 Hz maximum rate + writeByte(CONFIG, 0x03); + +// Set sample rate = gyroscope output rate/(1 + SMPLRT_DIV) + writeByte(SMPLRT_DIV, 0x04); // Use a 200 Hz rate; the same rate set in CONFIG above + +// Set gyroscope full scale range +// Range selects FS_SEL and AFS_SEL are 0 - 3, so 2-bit values are left-shifted into positions 4:3 + uint8_t c = readByte(GYRO_CONFIG); + writeByte(GYRO_CONFIG, c & ~0xE0); // Clear self-test bits [7:5] + writeByte(GYRO_CONFIG, c & ~0x18); // Clear AFS bits [4:3] + writeByte(GYRO_CONFIG, c | _Gscale << 3); // Set full scale range for the gyro + +// Set accelerometer configuration + c = readByte(ACCEL_CONFIG); + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c & ~0xE0); // Clear self-test bits [7:5] + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c & ~0x18); // Clear AFS bits [4:3] + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, c | _Ascale << 3); // Set full scale range for the accelerometer + + // Configure Interrupts and Bypass Enable + // Set interrupt pin active high, push-pull, and clear on read of INT_STATUS, enable I2C_BYPASS_EN so additional chips + // can join the I2C bus and all can be controlled by the Arduino as master + writeByte(INT_PIN_CFG, 0x22); + writeByte(INT_ENABLE, 0x01); // Enable data ready (bit 0) interrupt + } + +// Function which accumulates gyro and accelerometer data after device initialization. It calculates the average +// of the at-rest readings and then loads the resulting offsets into accelerometer and gyro bias registers. + void calibrateMPU6050(float * dest1, float * dest2) { + uint8_t data[12]; // data array to hold accelerometer and gyro x, y, z, data + uint16_t ii, packet_count, fifo_count; + int32_t gyro_bias[3] = {0, 0, 0}, accel_bias[3] = {0, 0, 0}; + +// reset device, reset all registers, clear gyro and accelerometer bias registers + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x80); // Write a one to bit 7 reset bit; toggle reset device + wait(0.1); + +// get stable time source +// Set clock source to be PLL with x-axis gyroscope reference, bits 2:0 = 001 + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x01); + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_2, 0x00); + wait(0.2); + +// Configure device for bias calculation + writeByte(INT_ENABLE, 0x00); // Disable all interrupts + writeByte(FIFO_EN, 0x00); // Disable FIFO + writeByte(PWR_MGMT_1, 0x00); // Turn on internal clock source + writeByte(I2C_MST_CTRL, 0x00); // Disable I2C master + writeByte(USER_CTRL, 0x00); // Disable FIFO and I2C master modes + writeByte(USER_CTRL, 0x0C); // Reset FIFO and DMP + wait(0.015); + +// Configure MPU6050 gyro and accelerometer for bias calculation + writeByte(CONFIG, 0x01); // Set low-pass filter to 188 Hz + writeByte(SMPLRT_DIV, 0x00); // Set sample rate to 1 kHz + writeByte(GYRO_CONFIG, 0x00); // Set gyro full-scale to 250 degrees per second, maximum sensitivity + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, 0x00); // Set accelerometer full-scale to 2 g, maximum sensitivity + + uint16_t gyrosensitivity = 131; // = 131 LSB/degrees/sec + uint16_t accelsensitivity = 16384; // = 16384 LSB/g + +// Configure FIFO to capture accelerometer and gyro data for bias calculation + writeByte(USER_CTRL, 0x40); // Enable FIFO + writeByte(FIFO_EN, 0x78); // Enable gyro and accelerometer sensors for FIFO (max size 1024 bytes in MPU-6050) + wait(0.08); // accumulate 80 samples in 80 milliseconds = 960 bytes + +// At end of sample accumulation, turn off FIFO sensor read + writeByte(FIFO_EN, 0x00); // Disable gyro and accelerometer sensors for FIFO + readBytes(FIFO_COUNTH, 2, &data[0]); // read FIFO sample count + fifo_count = ((uint16_t)data[0] << 8) | data[1]; + packet_count = fifo_count/12;// How many sets of full gyro and accelerometer data for averaging + + for (ii = 0; ii < packet_count; ii++) { + int16_t accel_temp[3] = {0, 0, 0}, gyro_temp[3] = {0, 0, 0}; + readBytes(FIFO_R_W, 12, &data[0]); // read data for averaging + accel_temp[0] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[0] << 8) | data[1] ) ; // Form signed 16-bit integer for each sample in FIFO + accel_temp[1] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[2] << 8) | data[3] ) ; + accel_temp[2] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[4] << 8) | data[5] ) ; + gyro_temp[0] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[6] << 8) | data[7] ) ; + gyro_temp[1] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[8] << 8) | data[9] ) ; + gyro_temp[2] = (int16_t) (((int16_t)data[10] << 8) | data[11]) ; + + accel_bias[0] += (int32_t) accel_temp[0]; // Sum individual signed 16-bit biases to get accumulated signed 32-bit biases + accel_bias[1] += (int32_t) accel_temp[1]; + accel_bias[2] += (int32_t) accel_temp[2]; + gyro_bias[0] += (int32_t) gyro_temp[0]; + gyro_bias[1] += (int32_t) gyro_temp[1]; + gyro_bias[2] += (int32_t) gyro_temp[2]; + + } + accel_bias[0] /= (int32_t) packet_count; // Normalize sums to get average count biases + accel_bias[1] /= (int32_t) packet_count; + accel_bias[2] /= (int32_t) packet_count; + gyro_bias[0] /= (int32_t) packet_count; + gyro_bias[1] /= (int32_t) packet_count; + gyro_bias[2] /= (int32_t) packet_count; + + if(accel_bias[2] > 0L) { + accel_bias[2] -= (int32_t) accelsensitivity; // Remove gravity from the z-axis accelerometer bias calculation + } else { + accel_bias[2] += (int32_t) accelsensitivity; + } + +// Construct the gyro biases for push to the hardware gyro bias registers, which are reset to zero upon device startup + data[0] = (-gyro_bias[0]/4 >> 8) & 0xFF; // Divide by 4 to get 32.9 LSB per deg/s to conform to expected bias input format + data[1] = (-gyro_bias[0]/4) & 0xFF; // Biases are additive, so change sign on calculated average gyro biases + data[2] = (-gyro_bias[1]/4 >> 8) & 0xFF; + data[3] = (-gyro_bias[1]/4) & 0xFF; + data[4] = (-gyro_bias[2]/4 >> 8) & 0xFF; + data[5] = (-gyro_bias[2]/4) & 0xFF; + +// Push gyro biases to hardware registers + writeByte(XG_OFFS_USRH, data[0]); + writeByte(XG_OFFS_USRL, data[1]); + writeByte(YG_OFFS_USRH, data[2]); + writeByte(YG_OFFS_USRL, data[3]); + writeByte(ZG_OFFS_USRH, data[4]); + writeByte(ZG_OFFS_USRL, data[5]); + + dest1[0] = (float) gyro_bias[0]/(float) gyrosensitivity; // construct gyro bias in deg/s for later manual subtraction + dest1[1] = (float) gyro_bias[1]/(float) gyrosensitivity; + dest1[2] = (float) gyro_bias[2]/(float) gyrosensitivity; + +// Construct the accelerometer biases for push to the hardware accelerometer bias registers. These registers contain +// factory trim values which must be added to the calculated accelerometer biases; on boot up these registers will hold +// non-zero values. In addition, bit 0 of the lower byte must be preserved since it is used for temperature +// compensation calculations. Accelerometer bias registers expect bias input as 2048 LSB per g, so that +// the accelerometer biases calculated above must be divided by 8. + + int32_t accel_bias_reg[3] = {0, 0, 0}; // A place to hold the factory accelerometer trim biases + readBytes(XA_OFFSET_H, 2, &data[0]); // Read factory accelerometer trim values + accel_bias_reg[0] = (int16_t) ((int16_t)data[0] << 8) | data[1]; + readBytes(YA_OFFSET_H, 2, &data[0]); + accel_bias_reg[1] = (int16_t) ((int16_t)data[0] << 8) | data[1]; + readBytes(ZA_OFFSET_H, 2, &data[0]); + accel_bias_reg[2] = (int16_t) ((int16_t)data[0] << 8) | data[1]; + + uint32_t mask = 1uL; // Define mask for temperature compensation bit 0 of lower byte of accelerometer bias registers + uint8_t mask_bit[3] = {0, 0, 0}; // Define array to hold mask bit for each accelerometer bias axis + + for(ii = 0; ii < 3; ii++) { + if(accel_bias_reg[ii] & mask) mask_bit[ii] = 0x01; // If temperature compensation bit is set, record that fact in mask_bit + } + + // Construct total accelerometer bias, including calculated average accelerometer bias from above + accel_bias_reg[0] -= (accel_bias[0]/8); // Subtract calculated averaged accelerometer bias scaled to 2048 LSB/g (16 g full scale) + accel_bias_reg[1] -= (accel_bias[1]/8); + accel_bias_reg[2] -= (accel_bias[2]/8); + + data[0] = (accel_bias_reg[0] >> 8) & 0xFF; + data[1] = (accel_bias_reg[0]) & 0xFF; + data[1] = data[1] | mask_bit[0]; // preserve temperature compensation bit when writing back to accelerometer bias registers + data[2] = (accel_bias_reg[1] >> 8) & 0xFF; + data[3] = (accel_bias_reg[1]) & 0xFF; + data[3] = data[3] | mask_bit[1]; // preserve temperature compensation bit when writing back to accelerometer bias registers + data[4] = (accel_bias_reg[2] >> 8) & 0xFF; + data[5] = (accel_bias_reg[2]) & 0xFF; + data[5] = data[5] | mask_bit[2]; // preserve temperature compensation bit when writing back to accelerometer bias registers + + // Push accelerometer biases to hardware registers +// writeByte(XA_OFFSET_H, data[0]); +// writeByte(XA_OFFSET_L_TC, data[1]); +// writeByte(YA_OFFSET_H, data[2]); +// writeByte(YA_OFFSET_L_TC, data[3]); +// writeByte(ZA_OFFSET_H, data[4]); +// writeByte(ZA_OFFSET_L_TC, data[5]); + +// Output scaled accelerometer biases for manual subtraction in the main program + dest2[0] = (float)accel_bias[0]/(float)accelsensitivity; + dest2[1] = (float)accel_bias[1]/(float)accelsensitivity; + dest2[2] = (float)accel_bias[2]/(float)accelsensitivity; + } + + +// Accelerometer and gyroscope self test; check calibration wrt factory settings + void MPU6050SelfTest(float * destination) { // Should return percent deviation from factory trim values, +/- 14 or less deviation is a pass + uint8_t rawData[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0}; + uint8_t selfTest[6]; + float factoryTrim[6]; + + // Configure the accelerometer for self-test + writeByte(ACCEL_CONFIG, 0xF0); // Enable self test on all three axes and set accelerometer range to +/- 8 g + writeByte(GYRO_CONFIG, 0xE0); // Enable self test on all three axes and set gyro range to +/- 250 degrees/s + wait(0.25); // Delay a while to let the device execute the self-test + rawData[0] = readByte(SELF_TEST_X); // X-axis self-test results + rawData[1] = readByte(SELF_TEST_Y); // Y-axis self-test results + rawData[2] = readByte(SELF_TEST_Z); // Z-axis self-test results + rawData[3] = readByte(SELF_TEST_A); // Mixed-axis self-test results + // Extract the acceleration test results first + selfTest[0] = (rawData[0] >> 3) | (rawData[3] & 0x30) >> 4 ; // XA_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + selfTest[1] = (rawData[1] >> 3) | (rawData[3] & 0x0C) >> 4 ; // YA_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + selfTest[2] = (rawData[2] >> 3) | (rawData[3] & 0x03) >> 4 ; // ZA_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + // Extract the gyration test results first + selfTest[3] = rawData[0] & 0x1F ; // XG_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + selfTest[4] = rawData[1] & 0x1F ; // YG_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + selfTest[5] = rawData[2] & 0x1F ; // ZG_TEST result is a five-bit unsigned integer + // Process results to allow final comparison with factory set values + factoryTrim[0] = (4096.0f*0.34f)*(pow( (0.92f/0.34f) , ((selfTest[0] - 1.0f)/30.0f))); // FT[Xa] factory trim calculation + factoryTrim[1] = (4096.0f*0.34f)*(pow( (0.92f/0.34f) , ((selfTest[1] - 1.0f)/30.0f))); // FT[Ya] factory trim calculation + factoryTrim[2] = (4096.0f*0.34f)*(pow( (0.92f/0.34f) , ((selfTest[2] - 1.0f)/30.0f))); // FT[Za] factory trim calculation + factoryTrim[3] = ( 25.0f*131.0f)*(pow( 1.046f , (selfTest[3] - 1.0f) )); // FT[Xg] factory trim calculation + factoryTrim[4] = (-25.0f*131.0f)*(pow( 1.046f , (selfTest[4] - 1.0f) )); // FT[Yg] factory trim calculation + factoryTrim[5] = ( 25.0f*131.0f)*(pow( 1.046f , (selfTest[5] - 1.0f) )); // FT[Zg] factory trim calculation + +// Output self-test results and factory trim calculation if desired +// Serial.println(selfTest[0]); Serial.println(selfTest[1]); Serial.println(selfTest[2]); +// Serial.println(selfTest[3]); Serial.println(selfTest[4]); Serial.println(selfTest[5]); +// Serial.println(factoryTrim[0]); Serial.println(factoryTrim[1]); Serial.println(factoryTrim[2]); +// Serial.println(factoryTrim[3]); Serial.println(factoryTrim[4]); Serial.println(factoryTrim[5]); + +// Report results as a ratio of (STR - FT)/FT; the change from Factory Trim of the Self-Test Response +// To get to percent, must multiply by 100 and subtract result from 100 + for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { + destination[i] = 100.0f + 100.0f*(selfTest[i] - factoryTrim[i])/factoryTrim[i]; // Report percent differences + } + + } + + +// Implementation of Sebastian Madgwick's "...efficient orientation filter for... inertial/magnetic sensor arrays" +// (see http://www.x-io.co.uk/category/open-source/ for examples and more details) +// which fuses acceleration and rotation rate to produce a quaternion-based estimate of relative +// device orientation -- which can be converted to yaw, pitch, and roll. Useful for stabilizing quadcopters, etc. +// The performance of the orientation filter is at least as good as conventional Kalman-based filtering algorithms +// but is much less computationally intensive---it can be performed on a 3.3 V Pro Mini operating at 8 MHz! + void MadgwickQuaternionUpdate(float ax, float ay, float az, float gx, float gy, float gz) { + float q1 = _q[0], q2 = _q[1], q3 = _q[2], q4 = _q[3]; // short name local variable for readability + float norm; // vector norm + float f1, f2, f3; // objective funcyion elements + float J_11or24, J_12or23, J_13or22, J_14or21, J_32, J_33; // objective function Jacobian elements + float qDot1, qDot2, qDot3, qDot4; + float hatDot1, hatDot2, hatDot3, hatDot4; + float gerrx, gerry, gerrz, gbiasx, gbiasy, gbiasz; // gyro bias error + + // Auxiliary variables to avoid repeated arithmetic + float _halfq1 = 0.5f * q1; + float _halfq2 = 0.5f * q2; + float _halfq3 = 0.5f * q3; + float _halfq4 = 0.5f * q4; + float _2q1 = 2.0f * q1; + float _2q2 = 2.0f * q2; + float _2q3 = 2.0f * q3; + float _2q4 = 2.0f * q4; +// float _2q1q3 = 2.0f * q1 * q3; +// float _2q3q4 = 2.0f * q3 * q4; + + // Normalise accelerometer measurement + norm = sqrt(ax * ax + ay * ay + az * az); + if (norm == 0.0f) return; // handle NaN + norm = 1.0f/norm; + ax *= norm; + ay *= norm; + az *= norm; + + // Compute the objective function and Jacobian + f1 = _2q2 * q4 - _2q1 * q3 - ax; + f2 = _2q1 * q2 + _2q3 * q4 - ay; + f3 = 1.0f - _2q2 * q2 - _2q3 * q3 - az; + J_11or24 = _2q3; + J_12or23 = _2q4; + J_13or22 = _2q1; + J_14or21 = _2q2; + J_32 = 2.0f * J_14or21; + J_33 = 2.0f * J_11or24; + + // Compute the gradient (matrix multiplication) + hatDot1 = J_14or21 * f2 - J_11or24 * f1; + hatDot2 = J_12or23 * f1 + J_13or22 * f2 - J_32 * f3; + hatDot3 = J_12or23 * f2 - J_33 *f3 - J_13or22 * f1; + hatDot4 = J_14or21 * f1 + J_11or24 * f2; + + // Normalize the gradient + norm = sqrt(hatDot1 * hatDot1 + hatDot2 * hatDot2 + hatDot3 * hatDot3 + hatDot4 * hatDot4); + hatDot1 /= norm; + hatDot2 /= norm; + hatDot3 /= norm; + hatDot4 /= norm; + + // Compute estimated gyroscope biases + gerrx = _2q1 * hatDot2 - _2q2 * hatDot1 - _2q3 * hatDot4 + _2q4 * hatDot3; + gerry = _2q1 * hatDot3 + _2q2 * hatDot4 - _2q3 * hatDot1 - _2q4 * hatDot2; + gerrz = _2q1 * hatDot4 - _2q2 * hatDot3 + _2q3 * hatDot2 - _2q4 * hatDot1; + + // Compute and remove gyroscope biases + gbiasx += gerrx * deltat * zeta; + gbiasy += gerry * deltat * zeta; + gbiasz += gerrz * deltat * zeta; +// gx -= gbiasx; +// gy -= gbiasy; +// gz -= gbiasz; + + // Compute the quaternion derivative + qDot1 = -_halfq2 * gx - _halfq3 * gy - _halfq4 * gz; + qDot2 = _halfq1 * gx + _halfq3 * gz - _halfq4 * gy; + qDot3 = _halfq1 * gy - _halfq2 * gz + _halfq4 * gx; + qDot4 = _halfq1 * gz + _halfq2 * gy - _halfq3 * gx; + + // Compute then integrate estimated quaternion derivative + q1 += (qDot1 -(beta * hatDot1)) * deltat; + q2 += (qDot2 -(beta * hatDot2)) * deltat; + q3 += (qDot3 -(beta * hatDot3)) * deltat; + q4 += (qDot4 -(beta * hatDot4)) * deltat; + + // Normalize the quaternion + norm = sqrt(q1 * q1 + q2 * q2 + q3 * q3 + q4 * q4); // normalise quaternion + norm = 1.0f/norm; + _q[0] = q1 * norm; + _q[1] = q2 * norm; + _q[2] = q3 * norm; + _q[3] = q4 * norm; + + } + +private: +// Define registers per MPU6050, Register Map and Descriptions, Rev 4.2, 08/19/2013 6 DOF Motion sensor fusion device +// Invensense Inc., www.invensense.com +// See also MPU-6050 Register Map and Descriptions, Revision 4.0, RM-MPU-6050A-00, 9/12/2012 for registers not listed in +// above document; the MPU6050 and MPU 9150 are virtually identical but the latter has an on-board magnetic sensor + enum register_adr{ + XGOFFS_TC = 0x00, // Bit 7 PWR_MODE, bits 6:1 XG_OFFS_TC, bit 0 OTP_BNK_VLD + YGOFFS_TC = 0x01, + ZGOFFS_TC = 0x02, + X_FINE_GAIN = 0x03, // [7:0] fine gain + Y_FINE_GAIN = 0x04, + Z_FINE_GAIN = 0x05, + XA_OFFSET_H = 0x06, // User-defined trim values for accelerometer + XA_OFFSET_L_TC = 0x07, + YA_OFFSET_H = 0x08, + YA_OFFSET_L_TC = 0x09, + ZA_OFFSET_H = 0x0A, + ZA_OFFSET_L_TC = 0x0B, + SELF_TEST_X = 0x0D, + SELF_TEST_Y = 0x0E, + SELF_TEST_Z = 0x0F, + SELF_TEST_A = 0x10, + XG_OFFS_USRH = 0x13, // User-defined trim values for gyroscope; supported in MPU-6050? + XG_OFFS_USRL = 0x14, + YG_OFFS_USRH = 0x15, + YG_OFFS_USRL = 0x16, + ZG_OFFS_USRH = 0x17, + ZG_OFFS_USRL = 0x18, + SMPLRT_DIV = 0x19, + CONFIG = 0x1A, + GYRO_CONFIG = 0x1B, + ACCEL_CONFIG = 0x1C, + FF_THR = 0x1D, // Free-fall + FF_DUR = 0x1E, // Free-fall + MOT_THR = 0x1F, // Motion detection threshold bits [7:0] + MOT_DUR = 0x20, // Duration counter threshold for motion interrupt generation, 1 kHz rate, LSB = 1 ms + ZMOT_THR = 0x21, // Zero-motion detection threshold bits [7:0] + ZRMOT_DUR = 0x22, // Duration counter threshold for zero motion interrupt generation, 16 Hz rate, LSB = 64 ms + FIFO_EN = 0x23, + I2C_MST_CTRL = 0x24, + I2C_SLV0_ADDR = 0x25, + I2C_SLV0_REG = 0x26, + I2C_SLV0_CTRL = 0x27, + I2C_SLV1_ADDR = 0x28, + I2C_SLV1_REG = 0x29, + I2C_SLV1_CTRL = 0x2A, + I2C_SLV2_ADDR = 0x2B, + I2C_SLV2_REG = 0x2C, + I2C_SLV2_CTRL = 0x2D, + I2C_SLV3_ADDR = 0x2E, + I2C_SLV3_REG = 0x2F, + I2C_SLV3_CTRL = 0x30, + I2C_SLV4_ADDR = 0x31, + I2C_SLV4_REG = 0x32, + I2C_SLV4_DO = 0x33, + I2C_SLV4_CTRL = 0x34, + I2C_SLV4_DI = 0x35, + I2C_MST_STATUS = 0x36, + INT_PIN_CFG = 0x37, + INT_ENABLE = 0x38, + DMP_INT_STATUS = 0x39, // Check DMP interrupt + INT_STATUS = 0x3A, + ACCEL_XOUT_H = 0x3B, + ACCEL_XOUT_L = 0x3C, + ACCEL_YOUT_H = 0x3D, + ACCEL_YOUT_L = 0x3E, + ACCEL_ZOUT_H = 0x3F, + ACCEL_ZOUT_L = 0x40, + TEMP_OUT_H = 0x41, + TEMP_OUT_L = 0x42, + GYRO_XOUT_H = 0x43, + GYRO_XOUT_L = 0x44, + GYRO_YOUT_H = 0x45, + GYRO_YOUT_L = 0x46, + GYRO_ZOUT_H = 0x47, + GYRO_ZOUT_L = 0x48, + EXT_SENS_DATA_00 = 0x49, + EXT_SENS_DATA_01 = 0x4A, + EXT_SENS_DATA_02 = 0x4B, + EXT_SENS_DATA_03 = 0x4C, + EXT_SENS_DATA_04 = 0x4D, + EXT_SENS_DATA_05 = 0x4E, + EXT_SENS_DATA_06 = 0x4F, + EXT_SENS_DATA_07 = 0x50, + EXT_SENS_DATA_08 = 0x51, + EXT_SENS_DATA_09 = 0x52, + EXT_SENS_DATA_10 = 0x53, + EXT_SENS_DATA_11 = 0x54, + EXT_SENS_DATA_12 = 0x55, + EXT_SENS_DATA_13 = 0x56, + EXT_SENS_DATA_14 = 0x57, + EXT_SENS_DATA_15 = 0x58, + EXT_SENS_DATA_16 = 0x59, + EXT_SENS_DATA_17 = 0x5A, + EXT_SENS_DATA_18 = 0x5B, + EXT_SENS_DATA_19 = 0x5C, + EXT_SENS_DATA_20 = 0x5D, + EXT_SENS_DATA_21 = 0x5E, + EXT_SENS_DATA_22 = 0x5F, + EXT_SENS_DATA_23 = 0x60, + MOT_DETECT_STATUS = 0x61, + I2C_SLV0_DO = 0x63, + I2C_SLV1_DO = 0x64, + I2C_SLV2_DO = 0x65, + I2C_SLV3_DO = 0x66, + I2C_MST_DELAY_CTRL = 0x67, + SIGNAL_PATH_RESET = 0x68, + MOT_DETECT_CTRL = 0x69, + USER_CTRL = 0x6A, // Bit 7 enable DMP, bit 3 reset DMP + PWR_MGMT_1 = 0x6B, // Device defaults to the SLEEP mode + PWR_MGMT_2 = 0x6C, + DMP_BANK = 0x6D, // Activates a specific bank in the DMP + DMP_RW_PNT = 0x6E, // Set read/write pointer to a specific start address in specified DMP bank + DMP_REG = 0x6F, // Register in DMP from which to read or to which to write + DMP_REG_1 = 0x70, + DMP_REG_2 = 0x71, + FIFO_COUNTH = 0x72, + FIFO_COUNTL = 0x73, + FIFO_R_W = 0x74, + WHO_AM_I_MPU6050 = 0x75, // Should return 0x68 + }; + + int _Gscale; + int _Ascale; + + float _q[4]; // vector to hold quaternion + float beta; + float zeta; + float deltat; // integration interval for both filter schemes + + //I2C + I2C *i2c_p; + I2C &i2c; + char adr; + + void writeByte(uint8_t address, uint8_t data) { + char data_write[2]; + data_write[0] = address; + data_write[1] = data; + i2c.write(adr, data_write, 2, 0); + } + + char readByte(uint8_t address) { + char data[1]; // `data` will store the register data + char data_write[1]; + data_write[0] = address; + i2c.write(adr, data_write, 1, 1); // no stop + i2c.read(adr, data, 1, 0); + return data[0]; + } + + void readBytes(uint8_t address, uint8_t count, uint8_t * dest) { + char data[14]; + char data_write[1]; + data_write[0] = address; + i2c.write(adr, data_write, 1, 1); // no stop + i2c.read(adr, data, count, 0); + for(int ii = 0; ii < count; ii++) { + dest[ii] = data[ii]; + } + } + +}; +#endif \ No newline at end of file