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トランジスタ技術2014年10月号第6章のソフトウェア
Information
tg_201410s6_Plethysmographs トランジスタ技術 2014年 10月号 第6章のソフトウェア
Program for Section 6 in October. 2014 issue of the Transistor Gijutsu
(Japanese electronics magazine)
概要
このプログラムは、
- 脈波データ取得(A-Dサンプリング、ハイパスフィルタ)
- 脈拍数の算出(パルス検出、LEDおよび同期音出力、移動平均処理)
を行うPulseRateクラスと、それらをUSBシリアル通信でホストへ送信するmain関数で構成されています。
PulseRate.h, PulseRate.cpp
- A-Dサンプリング - 100 SPS
- ハイパスフィルタ - 遮断周波数0.1Hz、1次バターワースフィルタ
- パルス検出 - 脈波を微分処理、5point移動平均して速度脈波を求め、
それを包絡線検波した波形を、速度脈波が再び超える点をパルス開始とする - LED、同期音出力 - パルス同期LED(10ms)、圧電サウンダ出力(1kHz、10ms)
- 移動平均処理 - 直近5拍分の平均値を脈波として算出
main.cpp
- PulseRateクラスのインスタンスを生成
- 処理開始メソッドを実行
- メインループ - ポーリングにより、脈波データ、脈拍数データの完了フラグが返されたら、
USBシリアル通信経由で、ホストへ送信する
シリアル通信フォーマット
- 4byte固定長パケット方式
- 脈波データパケット、脈拍数データパケットの2種類
脈波データパケット | 脈拍数データパケット | |
0x00 | パケットヘッダ(固定値0xAA) | パケットヘッダ(固定値0xAA) |
0x01 | 波形番号(0 - 99繰り返し) | 脈拍数ID(固定値0xBB) |
0x02, 0x03 | 脈波データ(singed, 2byte) | 脈拍数データ(20 - 300, 2byte) |
Description
This contains PulseRate class and main function.
PulseRate class:
- Acquiring pulse waveform (A-D sampling, high pass filter)
- Calculate pulse rate (Detecting pulse, Sync. LED and buzzer, moving averaging)
Main function:
- Send pulse waveform and rate to host via USB serial class.
PulseRate.h, PulseRate.cpp
- A-D sampling - 100 SPS
- High pass filter - Cut off frequency 0.1Hz, first order butterworth
- Detecting pulse - Calculating velocity pulse waveform by derivation and moving averaging (5point).
Moreover, calculating threshold waveform like envelope demodulator.
Detecting point the velocity waveform pass over the threshold waveform as starting pulse. - Sync. LED, buzzer - Synchronous pulse LED(10ms), piezo sounder(1kHz, 10ms)
- Moving averaging - Calculating pulse rate averaging the previous 5 pulse.
main.cpp
- Generating an instance of PulseRate class
- Executing start procedure method
- Main loop - sending pulse waveform data and pulse rate data via USB serial interface when detecting ready in return value.
Packet format for USB serial interface
- Packet size: 4 bytes(fixed)
- Two types of packets, pulse waveform packet and pulse rate packet
Pulse waveform packet | Pulse rate packet | |
0x00 | Packet header (0xAA (fixed))) | Packet header (0xAA (fixed)) |
0x01 | Sampling number (0 - 99) | Pulse rate ID (0xBB (fixed)) |
0x02, 0x03 | Pulse waveform data (singed, 2byte) | Pulse rate data (20 - 300, 2byte) |
Revision 0:f0c12790aadb, committed 2014-09-11
- Comitter:
- t_tatsuoka
- Date:
- Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000
- Commit message:
- Name?tg_201410s6_Plethysmographs; Description?????????2014?10???6????????; Publish in :CQ Publishing
Changed in this revision
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/PulseRate.cpp Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ +/** + * @file PulseRate.cpp + * @brief Calculate pulse waveform and pulse rate + * @date 2014.08.08 + * @version 1.0.0 + */ + #include "PulseRate.h" + +/** Constructor + * @param sensor Pin for A/D converter + * @param sync_led Pin for synchronous LED + * @param beep Pin for piezo sounder + */ + PulseRate::PulseRate(PinName sensor, PinName sync_led, PinName beep) : + _sensor(sensor), _sync_led(sync_led), _beep(beep) { + + _sync_led = LED_OFF; + _val = 0; + _wave_flag = false; + _pr_flag = false; + _sampling_num = 0; + _mv_idx = 0; + _beep.period(1.0/BEEP_FREQ); +} + +/** Start interval timer + */ +void PulseRate::start_sampling() { + _sampling.attach(this, &PulseRate::interval_timer, SAMPLING_RATE); +} + +/** Get waveform data + * @param &num Sampling number + * @param &wave_val Waveform value + * @retval true Ready for data + * @retval false Not ready + */ +bool PulseRate::get_wave(uint32_t &num, int32_t &wave_val) { + if(_wave_flag) { + _wave_flag = false; + num = _sampling_num; + wave_val = _val; + return true; + } else { + return false; + } +} + +/** Gat pulse rate + * @param &pr Pulse rate + * @retval true Ready for data + * @retval false Not ready + */ + bool PulseRate::get_pr_val(uint32_t &pr) { + if(_pr_flag) { + _pr_flag = false; + pr = _pr; + return true; + } else { + return false; + } +} + +/** Interval timer + */ +void PulseRate::interval_timer() { + + /* Pulse waveform */ + _val = ((int32_t)(_sensor.read_u16()) - AD_OFFSET); /* Get AD value */ + _val = hpf(_val); /* High pass filter (Comment out if not necessary) */ + _sampling_num = (_sampling_num + 1) % SPL_NUM; /* Update sampling number */ + _wave_flag = true; /* Set ready flag for pulse waveform */ + + /* Pulse rate */ + if(detect_peak(_val)) { /* If detecting pulse */ + calc_pr(); /* Calculate pulse rate including flag set */ + } + + /* Control LED and Beep */ + if(_pr_flag) { + _sync_led = LED_ON; + _beep.write(BEEP_LOUD); + } else { + _sync_led = LED_OFF; + _beep.write(0); + } +} + +/** Fixed point high pass filter + * @param val Input value + * @return Output value + * + * A/D value of mbed is Q6 format. + * Please shift in advance if necessary. + */ +int32_t PulseRate::hpf(int32_t val) { + int32_t reg, ret_val; + int64_t temp_val; + + temp_val = (int64_t)COEF_AH * (int64_t)_reg_hpf; + reg = val + (int32_t)(temp_val >> 30); + ret_val = reg - _reg_hpf; + temp_val = (int64_t)COEF_BH * (int64_t)ret_val; + ret_val = (int32_t)(temp_val >> 30); + _reg_hpf = reg; + return ret_val; +} + +/** Detect pulse peak + * @param &val Waveform data value + * @retval true Detected pulse peak + * @retval false No detection + */ +bool PulseRate::detect_peak(int32_t val) { + int i; + bool retVal = false; + + /* Calculate differential of input value */ + _mv_buf[_mv_idx] = val - _prev_val; + _prev_val = val; + _mv_idx = (_mv_idx + 1) % MV_LENGTH; + + /* Calculate moving averaging */ + _detect_val = 0; + for(i=0; i<MV_LENGTH; i++) + { + _detect_val += _mv_buf[i]; + } + _detect_val = _detect_val / MV_LENGTH; + + /* Calculate exponential decline for threshold line */ + _threshold_val = (int32_t)((double)_prev_th_val * TH_COEF); + + if(_detect_val >= _threshold_val) { + /* If exceeding threshold */ + if(_prev_dt_val < _prev_th_val){ + /* If previous value is under threshold and over ignore value */ + if((_detect_val > PEAK_MIN) && (_pr_counter >= PR_INT_MIN)) { + /* Detecting peak!!! */ + retVal = true; + } + } + /* Previous threshold value is set to input value */ + _prev_th_val = _detect_val; + } else { + /* Previous threshold value is set to decline value */ + _prev_th_val = _threshold_val; + } + /* Update previous input value */ + _prev_dt_val = _detect_val; + + /* Increment pulse rate counter */ + _pr_counter++; + + return retVal; +} + +/** Calculate pulse rate + */ +void PulseRate::calc_pr() { + int i; + + /* If pulse rate counter is within maximum value */ + if(_pr_counter <= PR_INT_MAX) { + /* Calculate moving averaging */ + _pr_buf[_pr_idx] = _pr_counter; + _pr_idx = (_pr_idx + 1) % PR_LENGTH; + _pr = 0; + for(i=0; i<PR_LENGTH; i++) + { + _pr += _pr_buf[i]; + } + /* Set pulse rate value */ + _pr = PR_1MIN_SPL * PR_LENGTH / _pr; + } else { + /* Pulse rate is set to invalid value */ + _pr = 0; + } + _pr_counter = 0; + + /* Set pulse rate flag */ + _pr_flag = true; +}
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/PulseRate.h Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ +/** + * @file PulseRate.h + * @brief Header file for PulseRate.cpp + * @date 2014.08.08 + * @version 1.0.0 + */ +#ifndef _INC_PulseRate +#define _INC_PulseRate + +#include "mbed.h" + +#define LED_ON (0) +#define LED_OFF (1) + +#define BEEP_FREQ (1000.0) +#define BEEP_LOUD (0.5) + +#define SAMPLING_RATE (0.01) /* A/D sampling rate (10ms) */ +#define SPL_NUM (100) /* Range of sampling number (0 - 99) */ + +#define AD_OFFSET (21845) /* Offset value for VREF (about +1.1V) */ + +#define COEF_BH (0x3FCCB062) /* High pass filter b0, -b1 coefficient 0.1Hz/100Hz Q30 format */ + /* Use (0x3F02946A) when 0.5Hz/100Hz Q30 format */ +#define COEF_AH (0x3F9960C5) /* High pass filter -a1 coefficient 0.1Hz/200Hz Q30 format */ + /* Use (0x3E0528D5) when 0.5Hz/100Hz Q30 format */ + +#define MV_LENGTH (5) /* Number of moving averaging for pulse detection */ +#define TH_COEF (0.993) /* Coefficient for pulse threshold (exponential decline) */ +#define PEAK_MIN (127) /* Ignore waveform as pulse under this value */ + +#define PR_LENGTH (5) /* Number of average for pulse rate */ +#define PR_1MIN_SPL (6000) /* Number of sampling for 1 minute (60*100) */ +#define PR_INT_MAX (300) /* 20 bpm (60*100/20) */ +#define PR_INT_MIN (20) /* 300 bpm (60*100/300) */ + +/** Calculate pulse waveform and pulse rate + */ +class PulseRate { + +public: + PulseRate(PinName sensor, PinName sync_led, PinName beep); + void start_sampling(); + bool get_wave(uint32_t &num, int32_t &wave_val); + bool get_pr_val(uint32_t &pr); + +private: + Ticker _sampling; /* Interval timer for data sampling */ + + AnalogIn _sensor; /* A/D converter */ + DigitalOut _sync_led; /* Synchronous LED */ + PwmOut _beep; /* Piezo sounder */ + + /* Pulse waveform */ + int32_t _val; /* Pulse waveform value */ + int32_t _prev_val; /* Previous value */ + int32_t _reg_hpf; /* High pass filter memory value */ + bool _wave_flag; /* Pulse waveform set flag */ + + uint32_t _sampling_num; /* Sampling number */ + + /* Moving averaging */ + int32_t _mv_buf[MV_LENGTH]; /* Circular buffer */ + int32_t _mv_idx; /* Buffer index */ + + /* Threshold for detecting pulse */ + int32_t _detect_val; /* Detection value */ + int32_t _prev_dt_val; /* Previous data */ + + int32_t _threshold_val; /* Threshold value */ + int32_t _prev_th_val; /* Previous data */ + + /* Pulse rate */ + int32_t _pr_counter; /* Counter for pulse rate */ + int32_t _pr_buf[PR_LENGTH]; /* Circular buffer */ + int32_t _pr_idx; /* Buffer index */ + + int32_t _pr; /* Pulse rate value */ + bool _pr_flag; /* Pulse rate set flag */ + + /* Member functions */ + void interval_timer(); + int32_t hpf(int32_t val); + bool detect_peak(int32_t val); + void calc_pr(); +}; +#endif /* INC_PulseRate */
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/USBDevice.lib Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@ +http://mbed.org/users/mbed_official/code/USBDevice/#c09a0c9bf425
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/main.cpp Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +/** + * @file Main.cpp + * @brief Send pulse waveform and pulse rate + * @date 2014.08.08 + * @version 1.0.0 + */ +#include "mbed.h" +#include "USBSerial.h" +#include "PulseRate.h" + +#define PACKET_HEADER (0xAA) +#define PULSE_RATE_ID (0xBB) +#define BYTE_MASK (0xFF) + +USBSerial serial; +PulseRate pr(p20, LED1, p26); /* AD, LED, Beep */ + +/** Send data packet + * @param second_val Byte data at packet address 0x01 + * @param data_val Short data at packet address 0x02, 0x03 + */ +bool send_packet(int second_val, int data_val) +{ + if(serial.writeable()) { + serial.putc(PACKET_HEADER); + serial.putc(second_val & BYTE_MASK); + serial.putc((data_val >> 8 ) & BYTE_MASK); + serial.putc(data_val & BYTE_MASK); + return true; + } + else + { + return false; + } +} + +/** Main function + */ +int main() { + uint32_t num; + int32_t wave; + uint32_t rate; + + pr.start_sampling(); /* start procedure */ + + while(1) { + /* Pulse waveform */ + if(pr.get_wave(num, wave)) { + send_packet(num, wave); + } + /* Pulse rate */ + if(pr.get_pr_val(rate)) { + send_packet(PULSE_RATE_ID, rate); + } + } +}
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/mbed.bld Thu Sep 11 15:02:45 2014 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@ +http://mbed.org/users/mbed_official/code/mbed/builds/6213f644d804 \ No newline at end of file