File content as of revision 0:01f31e923fe2:

/**
 * @file    virtual_fs.c
 * @brief   Implementation of virtual_fs.h
 *
 * DAPLink Interface Firmware
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2016, ARM Limited, All Rights Reserved
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
 * not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <string.h>

#include "virtual_fs.h"
#include "info.h"
#include "settings.h"
#include "compiler.h"
#include "util.h"

// Virtual file system driver
// Limitations:
//   - files must be contiguous
//   - data written cannot be read back
//   - data should only be read once

// FAT16 limitations +- safety margin
#define FAT_CLUSTERS_MAX (65525 - 100)
#define FAT_CLUSTERS_MIN (4086 + 100)

typedef struct {
    uint8_t boot_sector[11];
    /* DOS 2.0 BPB - Bios Parameter Block, 11 bytes */
    uint16_t bytes_per_sector;
    uint8_t  sectors_per_cluster;
    uint16_t reserved_logical_sectors;
    uint8_t  num_fats;
    uint16_t max_root_dir_entries;
    uint16_t total_logical_sectors;
    uint8_t  media_descriptor;
    uint16_t logical_sectors_per_fat;
    /* DOS 3.31 BPB - Bios Parameter Block, 12 bytes */
    uint16_t physical_sectors_per_track;
    uint16_t heads;
    uint32_t hidden_sectors;
    uint32_t big_sectors_on_drive;
    /* Extended BIOS Parameter Block, 26 bytes */
    uint8_t  physical_drive_number;
    uint8_t  not_used;
    uint8_t  boot_record_signature;
    uint32_t volume_id;
    char     volume_label[11];
    char     file_system_type[8];
    /* bootstrap data in bytes 62-509 */
    uint8_t  bootstrap[448];
    /* These entries in place of bootstrap code are the *nix partitions */
    //uint8_t  partition_one[16];
    //uint8_t  partition_two[16];
    //uint8_t  partition_three[16];
    //uint8_t  partition_four[16];
    /* Mandatory value at bytes 510-511, must be 0xaa55 */
    uint16_t signature;
} __attribute__((packed)) mbr_t;

typedef struct file_allocation_table {
    uint8_t f[512];
} file_allocation_table_t;

typedef struct FatDirectoryEntry {
    vfs_filename_t filename;
    uint8_t attributes;
    uint8_t reserved;
    uint8_t creation_time_ms;
    uint16_t creation_time;
    uint16_t creation_date;
    uint16_t accessed_date;
    uint16_t first_cluster_high_16;
    uint16_t modification_time;
    uint16_t modification_date;
    uint16_t first_cluster_low_16;
    uint32_t filesize;
} __attribute__((packed)) FatDirectoryEntry_t;
COMPILER_ASSERT(sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t) == 32);

// to save RAM all files must be in the first root dir entry (512 bytes)
//  but 2 actually exist on disc (32 entries) to accomodate hidden OS files,
//  folders and metadata
typedef struct root_dir {
    FatDirectoryEntry_t f[32];
} root_dir_t;

typedef struct virtual_media {
    vfs_read_cb_t read_cb;
    vfs_write_cb_t write_cb;
    uint32_t length;
} virtual_media_t;

static uint32_t read_zero(uint32_t offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
static void write_none(uint32_t offset, const uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);

static uint32_t read_mbr(uint32_t offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
static uint32_t read_fat(uint32_t offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
static uint32_t read_dir(uint32_t offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
static void write_dir(uint32_t offset, const uint8_t *data, uint32_t size);
static void file_change_cb_stub(const vfs_filename_t filename, vfs_file_change_t change,
                                vfs_file_t file, vfs_file_t new_file_data);
static uint32_t cluster_to_sector(uint32_t cluster_idx);
static bool filename_valid(const vfs_filename_t filename);
static bool filename_character_valid(char character);

// If sector size changes update comment below
COMPILER_ASSERT(0x0200 == VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);
// If root directory size changes update max_root_dir_entries
COMPILER_ASSERT(0x0020 == sizeof(root_dir_t) / sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t));
static const mbr_t mbr_tmpl = {
    /*uint8_t[11]*/.boot_sector = {
        0xEB, 0x3C, 0x90,
        'M', 'S', 'D', '0', 'S', '4', '.', '1' // OEM Name in text (8 chars max)
    },
    /*uint16_t*/.bytes_per_sector           = 0x0200,       // 512 bytes per sector
    /*uint8_t */.sectors_per_cluster        = 0x08,         // 4k cluser
    /*uint16_t*/.reserved_logical_sectors   = 0x0001,       // mbr is 1 sector
    /*uint8_t */.num_fats                   = 0x02,         // 2 FATs
    /*uint16_t*/.max_root_dir_entries       = 0x0020,       // 32 dir entries (max)
    /*uint16_t*/.total_logical_sectors      = 0x1f50,       // sector size * # of sectors = drive size
    /*uint8_t */.media_descriptor           = 0xf8,         // fixed disc = F8, removable = F0
    /*uint16_t*/.logical_sectors_per_fat    = 0x0001,       // FAT is 1k - ToDO:need to edit this
    /*uint16_t*/.physical_sectors_per_track = 0x0001,       // flat
    /*uint16_t*/.heads                      = 0x0001,       // flat
    /*uint32_t*/.hidden_sectors             = 0x00000000,   // before mbt, 0
    /*uint32_t*/.big_sectors_on_drive       = 0x00000000,   // 4k sector. not using large clusters
    /*uint8_t */.physical_drive_number      = 0x00,
    /*uint8_t */.not_used                   = 0x00,         // Current head. Linux tries to set this to 0x1
    /*uint8_t */.boot_record_signature      = 0x29,         // signature is present
    /*uint32_t*/.volume_id                  = 0x27021974,   // serial number
    // needs to match the root dir label
    /*char[11]*/.volume_label               = {'D', 'A', 'P', 'L', 'I', 'N', 'K', '-', 'D', 'N', 'D'},
    // unused by msft - just a label (FAT, FAT12, FAT16)
    /*char[8] */.file_system_type           = {'F', 'A', 'T', '1', '6', ' ', ' ', ' '},

    /* BOOTSTRAP SOURCE CODE AND PAYLOAD GENERATOR
     * PRINTS OUT WARNING MESSAGE ON ACCIDENTAL BOOT FROM DAPLINK
     1                                  [BITS 16]
     2                                  %define BLSTART 0x3E
     3                                  %define BLLEN 448
     4
     5 00000000 FA                      cli
     6 00000001 B8C007                  mov ax, 07C0h
     7 00000004 052001                  add ax, 288
     8 00000007 8ED0                    mov ss, ax
     9 00000009 BC0010                  mov sp, 4096
    10 0000000C B8C007                  mov ax, 07C0h
    11 0000000F 8ED8                    mov ds, ax
    12 00000011 BE[6D00]                mov si,message+BLSTART
    13 00000014 E80B00                  call print
    14 00000017 EBFE                    jmp $
    15
    16                                  printc:
    17 00000019 B40E                        mov ah, 0x0E
    18 0000001B B700                        mov bh, 0x00
    19 0000001D B307                        mov bl, 0x07
    20 0000001F CD10                        int 0x10
    21 00000021 C3                          ret
    22
    23                                  print:
    24                                      nextc:
    25 00000022 8A04                            mov al, [si]
    26 00000024 46                              inc si
    27 00000025 08C0                            or al, al
    28 00000027 7405                            jz return
    29 00000029 E8EDFF                          call printc
    30 0000002C EBF4                            jmp nextc
    31                                      return:
    32 0000002E C3                              ret
    33
    34 0000002F 504C45415345205245-     message db 'PLEASE REMOVE THE ARM MBED DAPLINK USB DEVICE AND REBOOT THE SYSTEM..', 0
    35 00000038 4D4F56452054484520-
    36 00000041 41524D204D42454420-
    37 0000004A 4441504C494E4B2055-
    38 00000053 534220444556494345-
    39 0000005C 20414E44205245424F-
    40 00000065 4F5420544845205359-
    41 0000006E 5354454D2E2E00
    42
    43 00000075 00<rept>                times BLLEN-($-$$) db 0

    USE BELOW SCRIPT TO COMPILE BOOTSTRAP AND GENERATE PAYLOAD:
    #!/usr/bin/env python
    import os
    os.system('nasm -f bin -o print.bin -l print.lst print.asm')
    print(open('print.lst','r').read())
    x=1
    for c in open('print.bin','rb').read():
            print('0x%02X, '%c, end='' if x % 16 else '\n')
            x += 1
     */
    /*uint8_t[448]*/.bootstrap = {
        0xFA, 0xB8, 0xC0, 0x07, 0x05, 0x20, 0x01, 0x8E, 0xD0, 0xBC, 0x00, 0x10, 0xB8, 0xC0, 0x07, 0x8E,
        0xD8, 0xBE, 0x6D, 0x00, 0xE8, 0x0B, 0x00, 0xEB, 0xFE, 0xB4, 0x0E, 0xB7, 0x00, 0xB3, 0x07, 0xCD,
        0x10, 0xC3, 0x8A, 0x04, 0x46, 0x08, 0xC0, 0x74, 0x05, 0xE8, 0xED, 0xFF, 0xEB, 0xF4, 0xC3, 0x50,
        0x4C, 0x45, 0x41, 0x53, 0x45, 0x20, 0x52, 0x45, 0x4D, 0x4F, 0x56, 0x45, 0x20, 0x54, 0x48, 0x45,
        0x20, 0x41, 0x52, 0x4D, 0x20, 0x4D, 0x42, 0x45, 0x44, 0x20, 0x44, 0x41, 0x50, 0x4C, 0x49, 0x4E,
        0x4B, 0x20, 0x55, 0x53, 0x42, 0x20, 0x44, 0x45, 0x56, 0x49, 0x43, 0x45, 0x20, 0x41, 0x4E, 0x44,
        0x20, 0x52, 0x45, 0x42, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x54, 0x20, 0x54, 0x48, 0x45, 0x20, 0x53, 0x59, 0x53, 0x54,
        0x45, 0x4D, 0x2E, 0x2E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    },
    // Signature MUST be 0xAA55 to maintain compatibility (i.e. with Android).
    /*uint16_t*/.signature = 0xAA55,
};

enum virtual_media_idx_t {
    MEDIA_IDX_MBR = 0,
    MEDIA_IDX_FAT1,
    MEDIA_IDX_FAT2,
    MEDIA_IDX_ROOT_DIR,

    MEDIA_IDX_COUNT
};

// Note - everything in virtual media must be a multiple of VFS_SECTOR_SIZE
const virtual_media_t virtual_media_tmpl[] = {
    /*  Read CB         Write CB        Region Size                 Region Name     */
    {   read_mbr,       write_none,     VFS_SECTOR_SIZE         },  /* MBR          */
    {   read_fat,       write_none,     0 /* Set at runtime */  },  /* FAT1         */
    {   read_fat,       write_none,     0 /* Set at runtime */  },  /* FAT2         */
    {   read_dir,       write_dir,      VFS_SECTOR_SIZE * 2     },  /* Root Dir     */
    /* Raw filesystem contents follow */
};
// Keep virtual_media_idx_t in sync with virtual_media_tmpl
COMPILER_ASSERT(MEDIA_IDX_COUNT == ARRAY_SIZE(virtual_media_tmpl));

static const FatDirectoryEntry_t root_dir_entry = {
    /*uint8_t[11] */ .filename = {""},
    /*uint8_t */ .attributes = VFS_FILE_ATTR_VOLUME_LABEL | VFS_FILE_ATTR_ARCHIVE,
    /*uint8_t */ .reserved = 0x00,
    /*uint8_t */ .creation_time_ms = 0x00,
    /*uint16_t*/ .creation_time = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .creation_date = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .accessed_date = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .first_cluster_high_16 = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .modification_time = 0x8E41,
    /*uint16_t*/ .modification_date = 0x32bb,
    /*uint16_t*/ .first_cluster_low_16 = 0x0000,
    /*uint32_t*/ .filesize = 0x00000000
};

static const FatDirectoryEntry_t dir_entry_tmpl = {
    /*uint8_t[11] */ .filename = {""},
    /*uint8_t */ .attributes = VFS_FILE_ATTR_READ_ONLY,
    /*uint8_t */ .reserved = 0x00,
    /*uint8_t */ .creation_time_ms = 0x00,
    /*uint16_t*/ .creation_time = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .creation_date = 0x4876,
    /*uint16_t*/ .accessed_date = 0x4876,
    /*uint16_t*/ .first_cluster_high_16 = 0x0000,
    /*uint16_t*/ .modification_time = 0x83dc,
    /*uint16_t*/ .modification_date = 0x4876,
    /*uint16_t*/ .first_cluster_low_16 = 0x0000,
    /*uint32_t*/ .filesize = 0x00000000
};

mbr_t mbr;
file_allocation_table_t fat;
virtual_media_t virtual_media[16];
root_dir_t dir_current;
uint8_t file_count;
vfs_file_change_cb_t file_change_cb;
uint32_t virtual_media_idx;
uint32_t fat_idx;
uint32_t dir_idx;
uint32_t data_start;

// Virtual media must be larger than the template
COMPILER_ASSERT(sizeof(virtual_media) > sizeof(virtual_media_tmpl));

static void write_fat(file_allocation_table_t *fat, uint32_t idx, uint16_t val)
{
    uint32_t low_idx;
    uint32_t high_idx;
    low_idx = idx * 2 + 0;
    high_idx = idx * 2 + 1;

    // Assert that this is still within the fat table
    if (high_idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(fat->f)) {
        util_assert(0);
        return;
    }

    fat->f[low_idx] = (val >> 0) & 0xFF;
    fat->f[high_idx] = (val >> 8) & 0xFF;
}

void vfs_init(const vfs_filename_t drive_name, uint32_t disk_size)
{
    uint32_t i;
    uint32_t num_clusters;
    uint32_t total_sectors;
    // Clear everything
    memset(&mbr, 0, sizeof(mbr));
    memset(&fat, 0, sizeof(fat));
    fat_idx = 0;
    memset(&virtual_media, 0, sizeof(virtual_media));
    memset(&dir_current, 0, sizeof(dir_current));
    dir_idx = 0;
    file_count = 0;
    file_change_cb = file_change_cb_stub;
    virtual_media_idx = 0;
    data_start = 0;
    // Initialize MBR
    memcpy(&mbr, &mbr_tmpl, sizeof(mbr_t));
    total_sectors = ((disk_size + KB(64)) / mbr.bytes_per_sector);
    // Make sure this is the right size for a FAT16 volume
    if (total_sectors < FAT_CLUSTERS_MIN * mbr.sectors_per_cluster) {
        util_assert(0);
        total_sectors = FAT_CLUSTERS_MIN * mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
    } else if (total_sectors > FAT_CLUSTERS_MAX * mbr.sectors_per_cluster) {
        util_assert(0);
        total_sectors = FAT_CLUSTERS_MAX * mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
    }
    if (total_sectors >= 0x10000) {
        mbr.total_logical_sectors = 0;
        mbr.big_sectors_on_drive  = total_sectors;
    } else {
        mbr.total_logical_sectors = total_sectors;
        mbr.big_sectors_on_drive  = 0;
    }
    // FAT table will likely be larger than needed, but this is allowed by the
    // fat specification
    num_clusters = total_sectors / mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
    mbr.logical_sectors_per_fat = (num_clusters * 2 + VFS_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) / VFS_SECTOR_SIZE;
    // Initailize virtual media
    memcpy(&virtual_media, &virtual_media_tmpl, sizeof(virtual_media_tmpl));
    virtual_media[MEDIA_IDX_FAT1].length = VFS_SECTOR_SIZE * mbr.logical_sectors_per_fat;
    virtual_media[MEDIA_IDX_FAT2].length = VFS_SECTOR_SIZE * mbr.logical_sectors_per_fat;
    // Initialize indexes
    virtual_media_idx = MEDIA_IDX_COUNT;
    data_start = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(virtual_media_tmpl); i++) {
        data_start += virtual_media[i].length;
    }

    // Initialize FAT
    fat_idx = 0;
    write_fat(&fat, fat_idx, 0xFFF8);    // Media type "media_descriptor"
    fat_idx++;
    write_fat(&fat, fat_idx, 0xFFFF);    // FAT12 - always 0xFFF (no meaning), FAT16 - dirty/clean (clean = 0xFFFF)
    fat_idx++;
    // Initialize root dir
    dir_idx = 0;
    dir_current.f[dir_idx] = root_dir_entry;
    memcpy(dir_current.f[dir_idx].filename, drive_name, sizeof(dir_current.f[0].filename));
    dir_idx++;
}

uint32_t vfs_get_total_size()
{
    uint32_t size;
    if (mbr.total_logical_sectors > 0) {
        size = mbr.total_logical_sectors * mbr.bytes_per_sector;
    } else if (mbr.big_sectors_on_drive > 0) {
        size = mbr.big_sectors_on_drive * mbr.bytes_per_sector;
    } else {
        size = 0;
        util_assert(0);
    }
    return size;
}

vfs_file_t vfs_create_file(const vfs_filename_t filename, vfs_read_cb_t read_cb, vfs_write_cb_t write_cb, uint32_t len)
{
    uint32_t first_cluster;
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *de;
    uint32_t clusters;
    uint32_t cluster_size;
    uint32_t i;
    util_assert(filename_valid(filename));
    // Compute the number of clusters in the file
    cluster_size = mbr.bytes_per_sector * mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
    clusters = (len + cluster_size - 1) / cluster_size;
    // Write the cluster chain to the fat table
    first_cluster = 0;

    if (len > 0) {
        first_cluster = fat_idx;

        for (i = 0; i < clusters - 1; i++) {
            write_fat(&fat, fat_idx, fat_idx + 1);
            fat_idx++;
        }

        write_fat(&fat, fat_idx, 0xFFFF);
        fat_idx++;
    }

    // Update directory entry
    if (dir_idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(dir_current.f)) {
        util_assert(0);
        return VFS_FILE_INVALID;
    }

    de = &dir_current.f[dir_idx];
    dir_idx++;
    memcpy(de, &dir_entry_tmpl, sizeof(dir_entry_tmpl));
    memcpy(de->filename, filename, 11);
    de->filesize = len;
    de->first_cluster_high_16 = (first_cluster >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
    de->first_cluster_low_16 = (first_cluster >> 0) & 0xFFFF;

    // Update virtual media
    if (virtual_media_idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(virtual_media)) {
        util_assert(0);
        return VFS_FILE_INVALID;
    }

    virtual_media[virtual_media_idx].read_cb = read_zero;
    virtual_media[virtual_media_idx].write_cb = write_none;

    if (0 != read_cb) {
        virtual_media[virtual_media_idx].read_cb = read_cb;
    }

    if (0 != write_cb) {
        virtual_media[virtual_media_idx].write_cb = write_cb;
    }

    virtual_media[virtual_media_idx].length = clusters * mbr.bytes_per_sector * mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
    virtual_media_idx++;
    file_count += 1;
    return de;
}

void vfs_file_set_attr(vfs_file_t file, vfs_file_attr_bit_t attr)
{
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *de = file;
    de->attributes = attr;
}

vfs_sector_t vfs_file_get_start_sector(vfs_file_t file)
{
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *de = file;

    if (vfs_file_get_size(file) == 0) {
        return VFS_INVALID_SECTOR;
    }

    return cluster_to_sector(de->first_cluster_low_16);
}

uint32_t vfs_file_get_size(vfs_file_t file)
{
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *de = file;
    return de->filesize;
}

vfs_file_attr_bit_t vfs_file_get_attr(vfs_file_t file)
{
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *de = file;
    return (vfs_file_attr_bit_t)de->attributes;
}

void vfs_set_file_change_callback(vfs_file_change_cb_t cb)
{
    file_change_cb = cb;
}

void vfs_read(uint32_t requested_sector, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    uint8_t i = 0;
    uint32_t current_sector;
    // Zero out the buffer
    memset(buf, 0, num_sectors * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);
    current_sector = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(virtual_media); i++) {
        uint32_t vm_sectors = virtual_media[i].length / VFS_SECTOR_SIZE;
        uint32_t vm_start = current_sector;
        uint32_t vm_end = current_sector + vm_sectors;

        // Data can be used in this sector
        if ((requested_sector >= vm_start) && (requested_sector < vm_end)) {
            uint32_t sector_offset;
            uint32_t sectors_to_write = vm_end - requested_sector;
            sectors_to_write = MIN(sectors_to_write, num_sectors);
            sector_offset = requested_sector - current_sector;
            virtual_media[i].read_cb(sector_offset, buf, sectors_to_write);
            // Update requested sector
            requested_sector += sectors_to_write;
            num_sectors -= sectors_to_write;
        }

        // If there is no more data to be read then break
        if (num_sectors == 0) {
            break;
        }

        // Move to the next virtual media entry
        current_sector += vm_sectors;
    }
}

void vfs_write(uint32_t requested_sector, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    uint8_t i = 0;
    uint32_t current_sector;
    current_sector = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < virtual_media_idx; i++) {
        uint32_t vm_sectors = virtual_media[i].length / VFS_SECTOR_SIZE;
        uint32_t vm_start = current_sector;
        uint32_t vm_end = current_sector + vm_sectors;

        // Data can be used in this sector
        if ((requested_sector >= vm_start) && (requested_sector < vm_end)) {
            uint32_t sector_offset;
            uint32_t sectors_to_read = vm_end - requested_sector;
            sectors_to_read = MIN(sectors_to_read, num_sectors);
            sector_offset = requested_sector - current_sector;
            virtual_media[i].write_cb(sector_offset, buf, sectors_to_read);
            // Update requested sector
            requested_sector += sectors_to_read;
            num_sectors -= sectors_to_read;
        }

        // If there is no more data to be read then break
        if (num_sectors == 0) {
            break;
        }

        // Move to the next virtual media entry
        current_sector += vm_sectors;
    }
}

static uint32_t read_zero(uint32_t sector_offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    uint32_t read_size = VFS_SECTOR_SIZE * num_sectors;
    memset(data, 0, read_size);
    return read_size;
}

static void write_none(uint32_t sector_offset, const uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    // Do nothing
}

static uint32_t read_mbr(uint32_t sector_offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    uint32_t read_size = sizeof(mbr_t);
    COMPILER_ASSERT(sizeof(mbr_t) <= VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);

    if (sector_offset != 0) {
        // Don't worry about reading other sectors
        return 0;
    }

    memcpy(data, &mbr, read_size);
    return read_size;
}

/* No need to handle writes to the mbr */

static uint32_t read_fat(uint32_t sector_offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    uint32_t read_size = sizeof(file_allocation_table_t);
    COMPILER_ASSERT(sizeof(file_allocation_table_t) <= VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);

    if (sector_offset != 0) {
        // Don't worry about reading other sectors
        return 0;
    }

    memcpy(data, &fat, read_size);
    return read_size;
}

/* No need to handle writes to the fat */

static uint32_t read_dir(uint32_t sector_offset, uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    if ((sector_offset + num_sectors) * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE > sizeof(dir_current)) {
        // Trying to read too much of the root directory
        util_assert(0);
        return 0;
    }

    // Zero buffer data is VFS_SECTOR_SIZE max
    memset(data, 0, VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);

    if (sector_offset == 0) { //Handle the first 512 bytes
        // Copy data that is actually created in the directory
        memcpy(data, &dir_current.f[0], dir_idx*sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t));
    }

    return num_sectors * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE;
}

static void write_dir(uint32_t sector_offset, const uint8_t *data, uint32_t num_sectors)
{
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *old_entry;
    FatDirectoryEntry_t *new_entry;
    uint32_t start_index;
    uint32_t num_entries;
    uint32_t i;

    if ((sector_offset + num_sectors) * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE > sizeof(dir_current)) {
        // Trying to write too much of the root directory
        util_assert(0);
        return;
    }

    start_index = sector_offset * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t);
    num_entries = num_sectors * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t);
    old_entry = &dir_current.f[start_index];
    new_entry = (FatDirectoryEntry_t *)data;
    // If this is the first sector start at index 1 to get past drive name
    i = 0 == sector_offset ? 1 : 0;

    for (; i < num_entries; i++) {
        bool same_name;

        if (0 == memcmp(&old_entry[i], &new_entry[i], sizeof(FatDirectoryEntry_t))) {
            continue;
        }

        // If were at this point then something has changed in the file
        same_name = (0 == memcmp(old_entry[i].filename, new_entry[i].filename, sizeof(new_entry[i].filename))) ? 1 : 0;
        // Changed
        file_change_cb(new_entry[i].filename, VFS_FILE_CHANGED, (vfs_file_t)&old_entry[i], (vfs_file_t)&new_entry[i]);

        // Deleted
        if (0xe5 == (uint8_t)new_entry[i].filename[0]) {
            file_change_cb(old_entry[i].filename, VFS_FILE_DELETED, (vfs_file_t)&old_entry[i], (vfs_file_t)&new_entry[i]);
            continue;
        }

        // Created
        if (!same_name && filename_valid(new_entry[i].filename)) {
            file_change_cb(new_entry[i].filename, VFS_FILE_CREATED, (vfs_file_t)&old_entry[i], (vfs_file_t)&new_entry[i]);
            continue;
        }
    }

    memcpy(&dir_current.f[start_index], data, num_sectors * VFS_SECTOR_SIZE);
}

static void file_change_cb_stub(const vfs_filename_t filename, vfs_file_change_t change, vfs_file_t file, vfs_file_t new_file_data)
{
    // Do nothing
}

static uint32_t cluster_to_sector(uint32_t cluster_idx)
{
    uint32_t sectors_before_data = data_start / mbr.bytes_per_sector;
    return sectors_before_data + (cluster_idx - 2) * mbr.sectors_per_cluster;
}

static bool filename_valid(const vfs_filename_t  filename)
{
    // Information on valid 8.3 filenames can be found in
    // the microsoft hardware whitepaper:
    //
    // Microsoft Extensible Firmware Initiative
    // FAT32 File System Specification
    // FAT: General Overview of On-Disk Format
    const char invalid_starting_chars[] = {
        0xE5, // Deleted
        0x00, // Deleted (and all following entries are free)
        0x20, // Space not allowed as first character
    };
    uint32_t i;

    // Check for invalid starting characters
    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(invalid_starting_chars); i++) {
        if (invalid_starting_chars[i] == filename[0]) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // Make sure all the characters are valid
    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(vfs_filename_t); i++) {
        if (!filename_character_valid(filename[i])) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // All checks have passed so filename is valid
    return true;
}

static bool filename_character_valid(char character)
{
    const char invalid_chars[] = {0x22, 0x2A, 0x2B, 0x2C, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0x3C, 0x3D, 0x3E, 0x3F, 0x5B, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x7C};
    uint32_t i;

    // Lower case characters are not allowed
    if ((character >= 'a') && (character <= 'z')) {
        return false;
    }

    // Values less than 0x20 are not allowed except 0x5
    if ((character < 0x20) && (character != 0x5)) {
        return false;
    }

    // Check for special characters that are not allowed
    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(invalid_chars); i++) {
        if (invalid_chars[i] == character) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // All of the checks have passed so this is a valid file name character
    return true;
}