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8 years, 9 months ago.
SDFileSystem Broken Again?
No disk, or could not put SD card in to SPI idle state. Didn't get a response from the disk. Set 512-byte block timed out. Could not open file for read
#include "mbed.h" #include "SDFileSystem.h" SDFileSystem Handle_SdCard (SD_MOSI, SD_MISO, SD_SCK, PE_2, "sdcard"); int main () { FILE *Handle_File= fopen ("/sdcard/test.txt", "r"); if (Handle_File == NULL) { error ("Could not open file for read\n"); } fclose (Handle_File); while (1); }
I tried above code for Seeed Arch Pro and Seeed Arch Max. None of them worked. I also tried the same SD Card on on Arduino UNO R3. IT worked, so not problem with SD Card. I think it is a library problem. Can any one help?
SDFileSystem.cpp
/* mbed Microcontroller Library * Copyright (c) 2006-2012 ARM Limited * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE * SOFTWARE. */ /* Introduction * ------------ * SD and MMC cards support a number of interfaces, but common to them all * is one based on SPI. This is the one I'm implmenting because it means * it is much more portable even though not so performant, and we already * have the mbed SPI Interface! * * The main reference I'm using is Chapter 7, "SPI Mode" of: * http://www.sdcard.org/developers/tech/sdcard/pls/Simplified_Physical_Layer_Spec.pdf * * SPI Startup * ----------- * The SD card powers up in SD mode. The SPI interface mode is selected by * asserting CS low and sending the reset command (CMD0). The card will * respond with a (R1) response. * * CMD8 is optionally sent to determine the voltage range supported, and * indirectly determine whether it is a version 1.x SD/non-SD card or * version 2.x. I'll just ignore this for now. * * ACMD41 is repeatedly issued to initialise the card, until "in idle" * (bit 0) of the R1 response goes to '0', indicating it is initialised. * * You should also indicate whether the host supports High Capicity cards, * and check whether the card is high capacity - i'll also ignore this * * SPI Protocol * ------------ * The SD SPI protocol is based on transactions made up of 8-bit words, with * the host starting every bus transaction by asserting the CS signal low. The * card always responds to commands, data blocks and errors. * * The protocol supports a CRC, but by default it is off (except for the * first reset CMD0, where the CRC can just be pre-calculated, and CMD8) * I'll leave the CRC off I think! * * Standard capacity cards have variable data block sizes, whereas High * Capacity cards fix the size of data block to 512 bytes. I'll therefore * just always use the Standard Capacity cards with a block size of 512 bytes. * This is set with CMD16. * * You can read and write single blocks (CMD17, CMD25) or multiple blocks * (CMD18, CMD25). For simplicity, I'll just use single block accesses. When * the card gets a read command, it responds with a response token, and then * a data token or an error. * * SPI Command Format * ------------------ * Commands are 6-bytes long, containing the command, 32-bit argument, and CRC. * * +---------------+------------+------------+-----------+----------+--------------+ * | 01 | cmd[5:0] | arg[31:24] | arg[23:16] | arg[15:8] | arg[7:0] | crc[6:0] | 1 | * +---------------+------------+------------+-----------+----------+--------------+ * * As I'm not using CRC, I can fix that byte to what is needed for CMD0 (0x95) * * All Application Specific commands shall be preceded with APP_CMD (CMD55). * * SPI Response Format * ------------------- * The main response format (R1) is a status byte (normally zero). Key flags: * idle - 1 if the card is in an idle state/initialising * cmd - 1 if an illegal command code was detected * * +-------------------------------------------------+ * R1 | 0 | arg | addr | seq | crc | cmd | erase | idle | * +-------------------------------------------------+ * * R1b is the same, except it is followed by a busy signal (zeros) until * the first non-zero byte when it is ready again. * * Data Response Token * ------------------- * Every data block written to the card is acknowledged by a byte * response token * * +----------------------+ * | xxx | 0 | status | 1 | * +----------------------+ * 010 - OK! * 101 - CRC Error * 110 - Write Error * * Single Block Read and Write * --------------------------- * * Block transfers have a byte header, followed by the data, followed * by a 16-bit CRC. In our case, the data will always be 512 bytes. * * +------+---------+---------+- - - -+---------+-----------+----------+ * | 0xFE | data[0] | data[1] | | data[n] | crc[15:8] | crc[7:0] | * +------+---------+---------+- - - -+---------+-----------+----------+ */ #include "SDFileSystem.h" #include "mbed_debug.h" #define SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT 5000 #define SD_DBG 0 SDFileSystem::SDFileSystem(PinName mosi, PinName miso, PinName sclk, PinName cs, const char* name) : FATFileSystem(name), _spi(mosi, miso, sclk), _cs(cs) { _cs = 1; } #define R1_IDLE_STATE (1 << 0) #define R1_ERASE_RESET (1 << 1) #define R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND (1 << 2) #define R1_COM_CRC_ERROR (1 << 3) #define R1_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR (1 << 4) #define R1_ADDRESS_ERROR (1 << 5) #define R1_PARAMETER_ERROR (1 << 6) // Types #define SDCARD_FAIL 0 //!< v1.x Standard Capacity #define SDCARD_V1 1 //!< v2.x Standard Capacity #define SDCARD_V2 2 //!< v2.x High Capacity #define SDCARD_V2HC 3 //!< Not recognised as an SD Card int SDFileSystem::initialise_card() { // Set to 100kHz for initialisation, and clock card with cs = 1 _spi.frequency(100000); _cs = 1; for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { _spi.write(0xFF); } // send CMD0, should return with all zeros except IDLE STATE set (bit 0) if (_cmd(0, 0) != R1_IDLE_STATE) { debug("No disk, or could not put SD card in to SPI idle state\n"); return SDCARD_FAIL; } // send CMD8 to determine whther it is ver 2.x int r = _cmd8(); if (r == R1_IDLE_STATE) { return initialise_card_v2(); } else if (r == (R1_IDLE_STATE | R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND)) { return initialise_card_v1(); } else { debug("Not in idle state after sending CMD8 (not an SD card?)\n"); return SDCARD_FAIL; } } int SDFileSystem::initialise_card_v1() { for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT; i++) { _cmd(55, 0); if (_cmd(41, 0) == 0) { cdv = 512; debug_if(SD_DBG, "\n\rInit: SEDCARD_V1\n\r"); return SDCARD_V1; } } debug("Timeout waiting for v1.x card\n"); return SDCARD_FAIL; } int SDFileSystem::initialise_card_v2() { for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT; i++) { wait_ms(50); _cmd58(); _cmd(55, 0); if (_cmd(41, 0x40000000) == 0) { _cmd58(); debug_if(SD_DBG, "\n\rInit: SDCARD_V2\n\r"); cdv = 1; return SDCARD_V2; } } debug("Timeout waiting for v2.x card\n"); return SDCARD_FAIL; } int SDFileSystem::disk_initialize() { int i = initialise_card(); debug_if(SD_DBG, "init card = %d\n", i); _sectors = _sd_sectors(); // Set block length to 512 (CMD16) if (_cmd(16, 512) != 0) { debug("Set 512-byte block timed out\n"); return 1; } _spi.frequency(1000000); // Set to 1MHz for data transfer return 0; } int SDFileSystem::disk_write(const uint8_t *buffer, uint64_t block_number) { // set write address for single block (CMD24) if (_cmd(24, block_number * cdv) != 0) { return 1; } // send the data block _write(buffer, 512); return 0; } int SDFileSystem::disk_read(uint8_t *buffer, uint64_t block_number) { // set read address for single block (CMD17) if (_cmd(17, block_number * cdv) != 0) { return 1; } // receive the data _read(buffer, 512); return 0; } int SDFileSystem::disk_status() { return 0; } int SDFileSystem::disk_sync() { return 0; } uint64_t SDFileSystem::disk_sectors() { return _sectors; } // PRIVATE FUNCTIONS int SDFileSystem::_cmd(int cmd, int arg) { _cs = 0; // send a command _spi.write(0x40 | cmd); _spi.write(arg >> 24); _spi.write(arg >> 16); _spi.write(arg >> 8); _spi.write(arg >> 0); _spi.write(0x95); // wait for the repsonse (response[7] == 0) for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT; i++) { int response = _spi.write(0xFF); if (!(response & 0x80)) { _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return response; } } _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return -1; // timeout } int SDFileSystem::_cmdx(int cmd, int arg) { _cs = 0; // send a command _spi.write(0x40 | cmd); _spi.write(arg >> 24); _spi.write(arg >> 16); _spi.write(arg >> 8); _spi.write(arg >> 0); _spi.write(0x95); // wait for the repsonse (response[7] == 0) for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT; i++) { int response = _spi.write(0xFF); if (!(response & 0x80)) { return response; } } _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return -1; // timeout } int SDFileSystem::_cmd58() { _cs = 0; int arg = 0; // send a command _spi.write(0x40 | 58); _spi.write(arg >> 24); _spi.write(arg >> 16); _spi.write(arg >> 8); _spi.write(arg >> 0); _spi.write(0x95); // wait for the repsonse (response[7] == 0) for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT; i++) { int response = _spi.write(0xFF); if (!(response & 0x80)) { int ocr = _spi.write(0xFF) << 24; ocr |= _spi.write(0xFF) << 16; ocr |= _spi.write(0xFF) << 8; ocr |= _spi.write(0xFF) << 0; _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return response; } } _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return -1; // timeout } int SDFileSystem::_cmd8() { _cs = 0; // send a command _spi.write(0x40 | 8); // CMD8 _spi.write(0x00); // reserved _spi.write(0x00); // reserved _spi.write(0x01); // 3.3v _spi.write(0xAA); // check pattern _spi.write(0x87); // crc // wait for the repsonse (response[7] == 0) for (int i = 0; i < SD_COMMAND_TIMEOUT * 1000; i++) { char response[5]; response[0] = _spi.write(0xFF); if (!(response[0] & 0x80)) { for (int j = 1; j < 5; j++) { response[i] = _spi.write(0xFF); } _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return response[0]; } } _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return -1; // timeout } int SDFileSystem::_read(uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t length) { _cs = 0; // read until start byte (0xFF) while (_spi.write(0xFF) != 0xFE); // read data for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { buffer[i] = _spi.write(0xFF); } _spi.write(0xFF); // checksum _spi.write(0xFF); _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return 0; } int SDFileSystem::_write(const uint8_t*buffer, uint32_t length) { _cs = 0; // indicate start of block _spi.write(0xFE); // write the data for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { _spi.write(buffer[i]); } // write the checksum _spi.write(0xFF); _spi.write(0xFF); // check the response token if ((_spi.write(0xFF) & 0x1F) != 0x05) { _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return 1; } // wait for write to finish while (_spi.write(0xFF) == 0); _cs = 1; _spi.write(0xFF); return 0; } static uint32_t ext_bits(unsigned char *data, int msb, int lsb) { uint32_t bits = 0; uint32_t size = 1 + msb - lsb; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { uint32_t position = lsb + i; uint32_t byte = 15 - (position >> 3); uint32_t bit = position & 0x7; uint32_t value = (data[byte] >> bit) & 1; bits |= value << i; } return bits; } uint64_t SDFileSystem::_sd_sectors() { uint32_t c_size, c_size_mult, read_bl_len; uint32_t block_len, mult, blocknr, capacity; uint32_t hc_c_size; uint64_t blocks; // CMD9, Response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read) if (_cmdx(9, 0) != 0) { debug("Didn't get a response from the disk\n"); return 0; } uint8_t csd[16]; if (_read(csd, 16) != 0) { debug("Couldn't read csd response from disk\n"); return 0; } // csd_structure : csd[127:126] // c_size : csd[73:62] // c_size_mult : csd[49:47] // read_bl_len : csd[83:80] - the *maximum* read block length int csd_structure = ext_bits(csd, 127, 126); switch (csd_structure) { case 0: cdv = 512; c_size = ext_bits(csd, 73, 62); c_size_mult = ext_bits(csd, 49, 47); read_bl_len = ext_bits(csd, 83, 80); block_len = 1 << read_bl_len; mult = 1 << (c_size_mult + 2); blocknr = (c_size + 1) * mult; capacity = blocknr * block_len; blocks = capacity / 512; debug_if(SD_DBG, "\n\rSDCard\n\rc_size: %d \n\rcapacity: %ld \n\rsectors: %lld\n\r", c_size, capacity, blocks); break; case 1: cdv = 1; hc_c_size = ext_bits(csd, 63, 48); blocks = (hc_c_size+1)*1024; debug_if(SD_DBG, "\n\rSDHC Card \n\rhc_c_size: %d\n\rcapacity: %lld \n\rsectors: %lld\n\r", hc_c_size, blocks*512, blocks); break; default: debug("CSD struct unsupported\r\n"); return 0; }; return blocks; }
SDFileSystem.h
/* mbed Microcontroller Library * Copyright (c) 2006-2012 ARM Limited * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE * SOFTWARE. */ #ifndef MBED_SDFILESYSTEM_H #define MBED_SDFILESYSTEM_H #include "mbed.h" #include "FATFileSystem.h" #include <stdint.h> /** Access the filesystem on an SD Card using SPI * * @code * #include "mbed.h" * #include "SDFileSystem.h" * * SDFileSystem sd(p5, p6, p7, p12, "sd"); // MOSI, MISO, SCLK, SSEL * * int main() { * FILE *fp = fopen("/sd/mbed.txt", "w"); * fprintf(fp, "Hello World!\n"); * fclose(fp); * } * @endcode */ class SDFileSystem : public FATFileSystem { public: /** Create the File System for accessing an SD Card using SPI * * @param mosi SPI mosi pin connected to SD Card * @param miso SPI miso pin conencted to SD Card * @param sclk SPI sclk pin connected to SD Card * @param cs DigitalOut pin used as SD Card chip select * @param name The name used to access the virtual filesystem */ SDFileSystem(PinName mosi, PinName miso, PinName sclk, PinName cs, const char* name); virtual int disk_initialize(); virtual int disk_status(); virtual int disk_read(uint8_t * buffer, uint64_t block_number); virtual int disk_write(const uint8_t * buffer, uint64_t block_number); virtual int disk_sync(); virtual uint64_t disk_sectors(); protected: int _cmd(int cmd, int arg); int _cmdx(int cmd, int arg); int _cmd8(); int _cmd58(); int initialise_card(); int initialise_card_v1(); int initialise_card_v2(); int _read(uint8_t * buffer, uint32_t length); int _write(const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t length); uint64_t _sd_sectors(); uint64_t _sectors; SPI _spi; DigitalOut _cs; int cdv; }; #endif
1 Answer
8 years, 8 months ago.
It seems that the SDFileSystem library doesn't support SDHC card.
There is another library - https://developer.mbed.org/users/neilt6/code/SDFileSystem/
I tried it with a 16G sandisk sd card. It works. You can have a try with the program -
https://developer.mbed.org/teams/Seeed/code/Arch_Max_SD_HTTP_Server/
Do you have a file on your SD card called test.txt? If not you need to create one.
posted by Paul Staron 08 Nov 2015Yes, the same SD Card worked just fine in Arduino Uno R3. The library is broken.
posted by WAI YUNG 08 Nov 2015Its working for me, have you tried the 'hello world' example?
https://developer.mbed.org/users/simon/code/SDFileSystem_HelloWorld/file/27aaaa9f462b/main.cpp
posted by Paul Staron 08 Nov 2015Yes, if you use old revision of SDFileSystem, it is working. If you update the SDFileSystem to the latest, it does not work. Can you try to update the SDFileSystem and rebuild the project?
posted by WAI YUNG 08 Nov 2015Hi Wai, I have been using the latest revision 3, but reloaded just in case and it is still working fine. I am using a KL25Z processor on a prototype board, also working on a Mbed LPC1768. Possibly a problem with the ST SPI library, I wouldn't be surprised. Have you tried the 'helloworld' example just to be sure? your example doesn't look right to me, should the Handle_SdCard be just sdcard? Maybe I do mine different. Paul.
posted by Paul Staron 09 Nov 2015Thank u. I have tried the code on Seeed Arch Pro. It is LPC1768 based. Same problem as ST. I dont have MBED 1768. I updated this post with my SDFileSystem.h and SDFileSystem.cpp from my mbed online compiler. Do u see anything wrong?
posted by WAI YUNG 09 Nov 2015