wave_player.cpp

00001 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002 // a sample mbed library to play back wave files.
00003 //
00004 // explanation of wave file format.
00005 // https://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/
00006 
00007 // if VERBOSE is uncommented then the wave player will enter a verbose
00008 // mode that displays all data values as it reads them from the file
00009 // and writes them to the DAC.  Very slow and unusable output on the DAC,
00010 // but useful for debugging wave files that don't work.
00011 //#define VERBOSE
00012 
00013 
00014 #include <mbed.h>
00015 #include <stdio.h>
00016 #include <wave_player.h>
00017 
00018 
00019 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00020 // constructor -- accepts an mbed pin to use for AnalogOut.  Only p18 will work
00021 wave_player::wave_player(AnalogOut *_dac)
00022 {
00023   wave_DAC=_dac;
00024   wave_DAC->write_u16(32768);        //DAC is 0-3.3V, so idles at ~1.6V
00025   verbosity=0;
00026 }
00027 
00028 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00029 // if verbosity is set then wave player enters a mode where the wave file
00030 // is decoded and displayed to the screen, including sample values put into
00031 // the DAC FIFO, and values read out of the DAC FIFO by the ISR.  The DAC output
00032 // itself is so slow as to be unusable, but this might be handy for debugging
00033 // wave files that don't play
00034 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00035 void wave_player::set_verbosity(int v)
00036 {
00037   verbosity=v;
00038 }
00039 
00040 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00041 // player function.  Takes a pointer to an opened wave file.  The file needs
00042 // to be stored in a filesystem with enough bandwidth to feed the wave data.
00043 // LocalFileSystem isn't, but the SDcard is, at least for 22kHz files.  The
00044 // SDcard filesystem can be hotrodded by increasing the SPI frequency it uses
00045 // internally.
00046 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
00047 void wave_player::play(FILE *wavefile)
00048 {
00049         unsigned chunk_id,chunk_size,channel;
00050         unsigned data,samp_int,i;
00051         short unsigned dac_data;
00052         long long slice_value;
00053         char *slice_buf;
00054         short *data_sptr;
00055         unsigned char *data_bptr;
00056         int *data_wptr;
00057         FMT_STRUCT wav_format;
00058         long slice,num_slices;
00059   DAC_wptr=0;
00060   DAC_rptr=0;
00061   for (i=0;i<256;i+=2) {
00062     DAC_fifo[i]=0;
00063     DAC_fifo[i+1]=3000;
00064   }
00065   DAC_wptr=4;
00066   DAC_on=0;
00067 
00068   fread(&chunk_id,4,1,wavefile);
00069   fread(&chunk_size,4,1,wavefile);
00070   while (!feof(wavefile)) {
00071     if (verbosity)
00072       printf("Read chunk ID 0x%x, size 0x%x\n",chunk_id,chunk_size);
00073     switch (chunk_id) {
00074       case 0x46464952:
00075         fread(&data,4,1,wavefile);
00076         if (verbosity) {
00077           printf("RIFF chunk\n");
00078           printf("  chunk size %d (0x%x)\n",chunk_size,chunk_size);
00079           printf("  RIFF type 0x%x\n",data);
00080         }
00081         break;
00082       case 0x20746d66:
00083         fread(&wav_format,sizeof(wav_format),1,wavefile);
00084         if (verbosity) {
00085           printf("FORMAT chunk\n");
00086           printf("  chunk size %d (0x%x)\n",chunk_size,chunk_size);
00087           printf("  compression code %d\n",wav_format.comp_code);
00088           printf("  %d channels\n",wav_format.num_channels);
00089           printf("  %d samples/sec\n",wav_format.sample_rate);
00090           printf("  %d bytes/sec\n",wav_format.avg_Bps);
00091           printf("  block align %d\n",wav_format.block_align);
00092           printf("  %d bits per sample\n",wav_format.sig_bps);
00093         }
00094         if (chunk_size > sizeof(wav_format))
00095           fseek(wavefile,chunk_size-sizeof(wav_format),SEEK_CUR);
00096         break;
00097       case 0x61746164:
00098 // allocate a buffer big enough to hold a slice
00099         slice_buf=(char *)malloc(wav_format.block_align);
00100         if (!slice_buf) {
00101           printf("Unable to malloc slice buffer");
00102           exit(1);
00103         }
00104         num_slices=chunk_size/wav_format.block_align;
00105         samp_int=1000000/(wav_format.sample_rate);
00106         if (verbosity) {
00107           printf("DATA chunk\n");
00108           printf("  chunk size %d (0x%x)\n",chunk_size,chunk_size);
00109           printf("  %d slices\n",num_slices);
00110           printf("  Ideal sample interval=%d\n",(unsigned)(1000000.0/wav_format.sample_rate));
00111           printf("  programmed interrupt tick interval=%d\n",samp_int);
00112         }
00113 
00114 // starting up ticker to write samples out -- no printfs until tick.detach is called
00115         if (verbosity)
00116           tick.attach_us(this,&wave_player::dac_out, 500000); 
00117         else
00118           tick.attach_us(this,&wave_player::dac_out, samp_int); 
00119         DAC_on=1; 
00120 
00121 // start reading slices, which contain one sample each for however many channels
00122 // are in the wave file.  one channel=mono, two channels=stereo, etc.  Since
00123 // mbed only has a single AnalogOut, all of the channels present are averaged
00124 // to produce a single sample value.  This summing and averaging happens in
00125 // a variable of type signed long long, to make sure that the data doesn't
00126 // overflow regardless of sample size (8 bits, 16 bits, 32 bits).
00127 //
00128 // note that from what I can find that 8 bit wave files use unsigned data,
00129 // while 16 and 32 bit wave files use signed data
00130 //
00131         for (slice=0;slice<num_slices;slice+=1) {
00132           fread(slice_buf,wav_format.block_align,1,wavefile);
00133           if (feof(wavefile)) {
00134             printf("Oops -- not enough slices in the wave file\n");
00135             exit(1);
00136           }
00137           data_sptr=(short *)slice_buf;     // 16 bit samples
00138           data_bptr=(unsigned char *)slice_buf;     // 8 bit samples
00139           data_wptr=(int *)slice_buf;     // 32 bit samples
00140           slice_value=0;
00141           for (channel=0;channel<wav_format.num_channels;channel++) {
00142             switch (wav_format.sig_bps) {
00143               case 16:
00144                 if (verbosity)
00145                   printf("16 bit channel %d data=%d ",channel,data_sptr[channel]);
00146                 slice_value+=data_sptr[channel];
00147                 break;
00148               case 32:
00149                 if (verbosity)
00150                   printf("32 bit channel %d data=%d ",channel,data_wptr[channel]);
00151                 slice_value+=data_wptr[channel];
00152                 break;
00153               case 8:
00154                 if (verbosity)
00155                   printf("8 bit channel %d data=%d ",channel,(int)data_bptr[channel]);
00156                 slice_value+=data_bptr[channel];
00157                 break;
00158             }
00159           }
00160           slice_value/=wav_format.num_channels;
00161           
00162 // slice_value is now averaged.  Next it needs to be scaled to an unsigned 16 bit value
00163 // with DC offset so it can be written to the DAC.
00164           switch (wav_format.sig_bps) {
00165             case 8:     slice_value<<=8;
00166                         break;
00167             case 16:    slice_value+=32768;
00168                         break;
00169             case 32:    slice_value>>=16;
00170                         slice_value+=32768;
00171                         break;
00172           }
00173           dac_data=(short unsigned)slice_value;
00174           if (verbosity)
00175             printf("sample %d wptr %d slice_value %d dac_data %u\n",slice,DAC_wptr,(int)slice_value,dac_data);
00176           DAC_fifo[DAC_wptr]=dac_data;
00177           DAC_wptr=(DAC_wptr+1) & 0xff;
00178           while (DAC_wptr==DAC_rptr) {
00179           }
00180         }
00181         DAC_on=0;
00182         tick.detach();
00183         free(slice_buf);
00184         break;
00185       case 0x5453494c:
00186         if (verbosity)
00187           printf("INFO chunk, size %d\n",chunk_size);
00188         fseek(wavefile,chunk_size,SEEK_CUR);
00189         break;
00190       default:
00191         printf("unknown chunk type 0x%x, size %d\n",chunk_id,chunk_size);
00192         data=fseek(wavefile,chunk_size,SEEK_CUR);
00193         break;
00194     }
00195     fread(&chunk_id,4,1,wavefile);
00196     fread(&chunk_size,4,1,wavefile);
00197   }
00198 }
00199 
00200 
00201 void wave_player::dac_out()
00202 {
00203   if (DAC_on) {
00204 #ifdef VERBOSE
00205   printf("ISR rdptr %d got %u\n",DAC_rptr,DAC_fifo[DAC_rptr]);
00206 #endif
00207     wave_DAC->write_u16(DAC_fifo[DAC_rptr]);
00208     DAC_rptr=(DAC_rptr+1) & 0xff;
00209   }
00210 }
00211