Revision 0:6fe791dc9958, committed 2020-04-27

Comitter:

sjuzyz

Date:

Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000

Child:

1:3f6881bbac40

Commit message:

demo

Changed in this revision

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/N5110/Bitmap.cpp	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#include "Bitmap.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "N5110.h"
+
+Bitmap::Bitmap(int const               *contents,
+               unsigned int const       height,
+               unsigned int const       width)
+    :
+    _contents(std::vector<int>(height*width)),
+    _height(height),
+    _width(width)
+{
+    // Perform a quick sanity check of the dimensions
+    if (_contents.size() != height * width) {
+        std::cerr << "Contents of bitmap has size " << _contents.size()
+                  << " pixels, but its dimensions were specified as "
+                  << width << " * " << height << " = " << width * height << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < height*width; ++i) _contents[i] = contents[i];
+}
+
+/**
+ * @returns the value of the pixel at the given position
+ */
+int Bitmap::get_pixel(unsigned int const row,
+                      unsigned int const column) const
+{
+    // First check that row and column indices are within bounds
+    if(column >= _width || row >= _height)
+    {
+        std::cerr << "The requested pixel with index " << row << "," << column
+                  << "is outside the bitmap dimensions: " << _width << ","
+                  << _height << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    // Now return the pixel value, using row-major indexing
+    return _contents[row * _width + column];
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Prints the contents of the bitmap to the terminal
+ */
+void Bitmap::print() const
+{
+    for (unsigned int row = 0; row < _height; ++row)
+    {
+        // Print each element of the row
+        for (unsigned int column = 0; column < _width; ++column)
+        {
+            int pixel = get_pixel(row, column);
+            std::cout << pixel;
+        }
+
+        // And then terminate with a new-line character
+        std::cout << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Renders the contents of the bitmap onto an N5110 screen
+ *
+ * @param[in] lcd The screen to use for rendering
+ * @param[in] x0  The horizontal position in pixels at which to render the bitmap
+ * @param[in] y0  The vertical position in pixels at which to render the bitmap
+ *
+ * @details Note that x0, y0 gives the location of the top-left of the bitmap on
+ *          the screen.
+ *          This function only updates the buffer on the screen.  You still need
+ *          to refresh the screen in order to actually see the bitmap.
+ */
+void Bitmap::render(N5110 &lcd,
+                    unsigned int const x0,
+                    unsigned int const y0) const
+{
+    // Loop through each row of the bitmap image
+    for (unsigned int bitmap_row = 0; bitmap_row < _height; ++bitmap_row)
+    {
+        // Row index on the screen for rendering the row of pixels
+        unsigned int screen_row = y0 + bitmap_row;
+                
+        // Render each pixel in the row
+        for (unsigned int bitmap_col = 0; bitmap_col < _width; ++bitmap_col)
+        {
+            // Column index on the screen for rendering this pixel
+            int screen_col = x0 + bitmap_col;
+
+            // Find the required value of the pixel at the given location within
+            // the bitmap data and then write it to the LCD screen
+            int pixel = get_pixel(bitmap_row, bitmap_col);
+            lcd.setPixel(screen_col, screen_row, pixel);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/N5110/Bitmap.h	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef BITMAP_H
+#define BITMAP_H
+
+#include <vector>
+
+// Forward declarations
+class N5110;
+
+/**
+ * @brief  A black & white bitmap that can be rendered on an N5110 screen
+ * @author Alex Valavanis <a.valavanis@leeds.ac.uk>
+ * 
+ * @code
+  // First declare the pixel map data using '1' for black,
+  // or '0' for white pixels
+  static int sprite_data[] = {
+    0,0,1,0,0,
+    0,1,1,1,0,
+    0,0,1,0,0,
+    0,1,1,1,0,
+    1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,0,1,1,
+    1,1,0,1,1
+  };
+
+  // Instantiate the Bitmap object using the data above
+  Bitmap sprite(sprite_data, 8, 5); // Specify rows and columns in sprite
+  
+  // We can render the bitmap wherever we want on the screen
+  sprite.render(lcd, 20, 6); // x and y locations for rendering
+  sprite.render(lcd, 30, 10);
+  
+  // We can also print its values to the terminal
+  sprite.print();
+ * @endcode
+ */
+class Bitmap
+{
+private:
+    /**
+     * @brief The contents of the drawing, with pixels stored in row-major order
+     * @details '1' represents a black pixel; '0' represents white
+     */
+    std::vector<int> _contents;
+    
+    unsigned int _height; ///< The height of the drawing in pixels
+    unsigned int _width;  ///< The width of the drawing in pixels
+    
+public:
+    Bitmap(int const          *contents,
+           unsigned int const  height,
+           unsigned int const  width);
+
+    int get_pixel(unsigned int const row,
+                  unsigned int const column) const;
+
+    void print() const;
+
+    void render(N5110 &lcd,
+                unsigned int const x0,
+                unsigned int const y0) const;
+};
+
+#endif // BITMAP_H
\ No newline at end of file

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/N5110/N5110.cpp	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+#include "mbed.h"
+#include "N5110.h"
+
+// overloaded constructor includes power pin - LCD Vcc connected to GPIO pin
+// this constructor works fine with LPC1768 - enough current sourced from GPIO
+// to power LCD. Doesn't work well with K64F.
+N5110::N5110(PinName const pwrPin,
+             PinName const scePin,
+             PinName const rstPin,
+             PinName const dcPin,
+             PinName const mosiPin,
+             PinName const sclkPin,
+             PinName const ledPin)
+    :
+    _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise
+    _led(new PwmOut(ledPin)),
+    _pwr(new DigitalOut(pwrPin)),
+    _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)),
+    _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)),
+    _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin))
+{}
+
+// overloaded constructor does not include power pin - LCD Vcc must be tied to +3V3
+// Best to use this with K64F as the GPIO hasn't sufficient output current to reliably
+// drive the LCD.
+N5110::N5110(PinName const scePin,
+             PinName const rstPin,
+             PinName const dcPin,
+             PinName const mosiPin,
+             PinName const sclkPin,
+             PinName const ledPin)
+    :
+    _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise
+    _led(new PwmOut(ledPin)),
+    _pwr(NULL), // pwr not needed so null it to be safe
+    _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)),
+    _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)),
+    _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin))
+{}
+
+N5110::~N5110()
+{
+    delete _spi;
+
+    if(_pwr) {
+        delete _pwr;
+    }
+
+    delete _led;
+    delete _sce;
+    delete _rst;
+    delete _dc;
+}
+
+// initialise function - powers up and sends the initialisation commands
+void N5110::init()
+{
+    turnOn();     // power up
+    reset();      // reset LCD - must be done within 100 ms
+    initSPI();    
+    
+    setContrast(0.55);  // this may need tuning (say 0.4 to 0.6)
+    setBias(3);   // datasheet - 48:1 mux - don't mess with if you don't know what you're doing! (0 to 7)
+    setTempCoefficient(0); // datasheet - may need increasing (range 0 to 3) at very low temperatures
+    normalMode();  // normal video mode by default
+    
+    clearRAM();      // RAM is undefined at power-up so clear to be sure
+    clear();   // clear buffer
+    setBrightness(0.5);
+}
+
+// sets normal video mode (black on white)
+void N5110::normalMode()
+{
+    sendCommand(0b00100000);   // basic instruction
+    sendCommand(0b00001100);  // normal video mode- datasheet
+}
+
+// sets normal video mode (white on black)
+void N5110::inverseMode()
+{
+    sendCommand(0b00100000);   // basic instruction
+    sendCommand(0b00001101);   // inverse video mode - datasheet
+}
+
+// function to power up the LCD and backlight - only works when using GPIO to power
+void N5110::turnOn()
+{
+    if (_pwr != NULL) {
+        _pwr->write(1);  // apply power
+    }
+}
+
+// function to power down LCD
+void N5110::turnOff()
+{
+    clear(); // clear buffer
+    refresh();
+    setBrightness(0.0);  // turn backlight off
+    clearRAM();   // clear RAM to ensure specified current consumption
+    // send command to ensure we are in basic mode
+    
+    sendCommand(0b00100000); // basic mode
+    sendCommand(0b00001000); // clear display
+    sendCommand(0b00100001); // extended mode
+    sendCommand(0b00100100); // power down
+    
+    // if we are powering the LCD using the GPIO then make it low to turn off
+    if (_pwr != NULL) {
+        wait_ms(10);  // small delay and then turn off the power pin
+        _pwr->write(0);  // turn off power
+    }
+
+}
+
+// function to change LED backlight brightness
+void N5110::setBrightness(float brightness)
+{
+    // check whether brightness is within range
+    if (brightness < 0.0f)
+        brightness = 0.0f;
+    if (brightness > 1.0f)
+        brightness = 1.0f;
+    // set PWM duty cycle
+    _led->write(brightness);
+}
+
+void N5110::setContrast(float contrast) {
+    
+    // enforce limits
+    if (contrast > 1.0f)
+        contrast = 1.0f;
+    else if (contrast < 0.0f)
+        contrast = 0.0;
+    
+    // convert to char in range 0 to 127 (i.e. 6 bits)
+    char ic = char(contrast*127.0f);
+    
+    sendCommand(0b00100001);  // extended instruction set
+    sendCommand(0b10000000 | ic);   // set Vop (which controls contrast)
+    sendCommand(0b00100000);  // back to basic instruction set
+}
+
+void N5110::setTempCoefficient(char tc) {
+    
+    // enforce limits
+    if (tc>3) {
+        tc=3;
+    }
+    
+    // temperature coefficient may need increasing at low temperatures
+
+    sendCommand(0b00100001);  // extended instruction set
+    sendCommand(0b00000100 | tc);
+    sendCommand(0b00100000);  // back to basic instruction set
+}
+    
+void N5110::setBias(char bias) {
+    
+    // from data sheet
+    // bias      mux rate
+    // 0        1:100
+    // 1        1:80
+    // 2        1:65
+    // 3        1:48   (default)
+    // 4        1:40/1:34
+    // 5        1:24
+    // 6        1:18/1:16
+    // 7        1:10/1:9/1:8
+    
+    // enforce limits
+    if (bias>7) {
+        bias=7;
+    }
+        
+    sendCommand(0b00100001);  // extended mode instruction
+    sendCommand(0b00010000 | bias);  
+    sendCommand(0b00100000); // end of extended mode instruction
+}
+
+// pulse the active low reset line
+void N5110::reset()
+{
+    _rst->write(0);  // reset the LCD
+    _rst->write(1);
+}
+
+// function to initialise SPI peripheral
+void N5110::initSPI()
+{
+    _spi->format(8,1);    // 8 bits, Mode 1 - polarity 0, phase 1 - base value of clock is 0, data captured on falling edge/propagated on rising edge
+    _spi->frequency(4000000);  // maximum of screen is 4 MHz
+}
+
+// send a command to the display
+void N5110::sendCommand(unsigned char command)
+{
+    _dc->write(0);  // set DC low for command
+    _sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame
+    _spi->write(command);  // send command
+    _dc->write(1);  // turn back to data by default
+    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
+}
+
+// send data to the display at the current XY address
+// dc is set to 1 (i.e. data) after sending a command and so should
+// be the default mode.
+void N5110::sendData(unsigned char data)
+{
+    _sce->write(0);   // set CE low to begin frame
+    _spi->write(data);
+    _sce->write(1);  // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
+}
+
+// this function writes 0 to the 504 bytes to clear the RAM
+void N5110::clearRAM()
+{
+    _sce->write(0);  //set CE low to begin frame
+    for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT; i++) { // 48 x 84 bits = 504 bytes
+        _spi->write(0x00);  // send 0's
+    }
+    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame
+}
+
+// function to set the XY address in RAM for subsequenct data write
+void N5110::setXYAddress(unsigned int const x,
+                         unsigned int const y)
+{
+    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
+        sendCommand(0b00100000);  // basic instruction
+        sendCommand(0b10000000 | x);  // send addresses to display with relevant mask
+        sendCommand(0b01000000 | y);
+    }
+}
+
+// These functions are used to set, clear and get the value of pixels in the display
+// Pixels are addressed in the range of 0 to 47 (y) and 0 to 83 (x).  The refresh()
+// function must be called after set and clear in order to update the display
+void N5110::setPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                     unsigned int const y,
+                     bool const         state)
+{
+    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
+        // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position in the data byte
+        if(state) buffer[x][y/8] |= (1 << y%8);
+        else      buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8);
+    }
+}
+
+void N5110::clearPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                       unsigned int const y)
+{
+    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
+        // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position (using bit clear)
+        buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8);
+    }
+}
+
+int N5110::getPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                    unsigned int const y) const
+{
+    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
+        // return relevant bank and mask required bit
+
+        int pixel = (int) buffer[x][y/8] & (1 << y%8);
+
+        if (pixel)
+            return 1;
+        else
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+}
+
+// function to refresh the display
+void N5110::refresh()
+{
+    setXYAddress(0,0);  // important to set address back to 0,0 before refreshing display
+    // address auto increments after printing string, so buffer[0][0] will not coincide
+    // with top-left pixel after priting string
+
+    _sce->write(0);  //set CE low to begin frame
+
+    for(int j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) {  // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
+        for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
+            _spi->write(buffer[i][j]);  // send buffer
+        }
+    }
+    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame
+
+}
+
+// fills the buffer with random bytes.  Can be used to test the display.
+// The rand() function isn't seeded so it probably creates the same pattern everytime
+void N5110::randomiseBuffer()
+{
+    int i,j;
+    for(j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) {  // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
+        for(i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
+            buffer[i][j] = rand()%256;  // generate random byte
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+// function to print 5x7 font
+void N5110::printChar(char const          c,
+                      unsigned int const  x,
+                      unsigned int const  y)
+{
+    if (y<BANKS) {  // check if printing in range of y banks
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
+            int pixel_x = x+i;
+            if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1)  // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
+                break;
+            buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(c - 32)*5 + i];
+            // array is offset by 32 relative to ASCII, each character is 5 pixels wide
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
+// function to print string at specified position
+void N5110::printString(const char         *str,
+                        unsigned int const  x,
+                        unsigned int const  y)
+{
+    if (y<BANKS) {  // check if printing in range of y banks
+
+        int n = 0 ; // counter for number of characters in string
+        // loop through string and print character
+        while(*str) {
+
+            // writes the character bitmap data to the buffer, so that
+            // text and pixels can be displayed at the same time
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
+                int pixel_x = x+i+n*6;
+                if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
+                    break;
+                buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(*str - 32)*5 + i];
+            }
+            str++;  // go to next character in string
+            n++;    // increment index
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// function to clear the screen buffer
+void N5110::clear()
+{
+    memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
+}
+
+// function to plot array on display
+void N5110::plotArray(float const array[])
+{
+    for (int i=0; i<WIDTH; i++) {  // loop through array
+        // elements are normalised from 0.0 to 1.0, so multiply
+        // by 47 to convert to pixel range, and subtract from 47
+        // since top-left is 0,0 in the display geometry
+        setPixel(i,47 - int(array[i]*47.0f),true);
+    }
+
+}
+
+// function to draw circle
+void N5110:: drawCircle(unsigned int const x0,
+                        unsigned int const y0,
+                        unsigned int const radius,
+                        FillType const     fill)
+{
+    // from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
+    int x = radius;
+    int y = 0;
+    int radiusError = 1-x;
+
+    while(x >= y) {
+
+        // if transparent, just draw outline
+        if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) {
+            setPixel( x + x0,  y + y0,true);
+            setPixel(-x + x0,  y + y0,true);
+            setPixel( y + x0,  x + y0,true);
+            setPixel(-y + x0,  x + y0,true);
+            setPixel(-y + x0, -x + y0,true);
+            setPixel( y + x0, -x + y0,true);
+            setPixel( x + x0, -y + y0,true);
+            setPixel(-x + x0, -y + y0,true);
+        } else {  // drawing filled circle, so draw lines between points at same y value
+
+            int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0;  // black or white fill
+
+            drawLine(x+x0,y+y0,-x+x0,y+y0,type);
+            drawLine(y+x0,x+y0,-y+x0,x+y0,type);
+            drawLine(y+x0,-x+y0,-y+x0,-x+y0,type);
+            drawLine(x+x0,-y+y0,-x+x0,-y+y0,type);
+        }
+
+        y++;
+        if (radiusError<0) {
+            radiusError += 2 * y + 1;
+        } else {
+            x--;
+            radiusError += 2 * (y - x) + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+void N5110::drawLine(unsigned int const x0,
+                     unsigned int const y0,
+                     unsigned int const x1,
+                     unsigned int const y1,
+                     unsigned int const type)
+{
+    // Note that the ranges can be negative so we have to turn the input values
+    // into signed integers first
+    int const y_range = static_cast<int>(y1) - static_cast<int>(y0);
+    int const x_range = static_cast<int>(x1) - static_cast<int>(x0);
+
+    // if dotted line, set step to 2, else step is 1
+    unsigned int const step = (type==2) ? 2:1;
+
+    // make sure we loop over the largest range to get the most pixels on the display
+    // for instance, if drawing a vertical line (x_range = 0), we need to loop down the y pixels
+    // or else we'll only end up with 1 pixel in the x column
+    if ( abs(x_range) > abs(y_range) ) {
+
+        // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
+        unsigned int const start = x_range > 0 ? x0:x1;
+        unsigned int const stop =  x_range > 0 ? x1:x0;
+
+        // loop between x pixels
+        for (unsigned int x = start; x<= stop ; x+=step) {
+            // do linear interpolation
+            int const dx = static_cast<int>(x)-static_cast<int>(x0);
+            unsigned int const y = y0 + y_range * dx / x_range;
+
+            // If the line type is '0', this will clear the pixel
+            // If it is '1' or '2', the pixel will be set
+            setPixel(x,y, type);
+        }
+    } else {
+
+        // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
+        unsigned int const start = y_range > 0 ? y0:y1;
+        unsigned int const stop =  y_range > 0 ? y1:y0;
+
+        for (unsigned int y = start; y<= stop ; y+=step) {
+            // do linear interpolation
+            int const dy = static_cast<int>(y)-static_cast<int>(y0);
+            unsigned int const x = x0 + x_range * dy / y_range;
+
+            // If the line type is '0', this will clear the pixel
+            // If it is '1' or '2', the pixel will be set
+            setPixel(x,y, type);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+void N5110::drawRect(unsigned int const x0,
+                     unsigned int const y0,
+                     unsigned int const width,
+                     unsigned int const height,
+                     FillType const     fill)
+{
+    if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) { // transparent, just outline
+        drawLine(x0,y0,x0+(width-1),y0,1);  // top
+        drawLine(x0,y0+(height-1),x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1);  // bottom
+        drawLine(x0,y0,x0,y0+(height-1),1);  // left
+        drawLine(x0+(width-1),y0,x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1);  // right
+    } else { // filled rectangle
+        int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0;  // black or white fill
+        for (int y = y0; y<y0+height; y++) {  // loop through rows of rectangle
+            drawLine(x0,y,x0+(width-1),y,type);  // draw line across screen
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void N5110::drawSprite(int x0,
+                       int y0,
+                       int nrows,
+                       int ncols,
+                       int *sprite)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0 ; j < ncols ; j++) {
+
+            int pixel = *((sprite+i*ncols)+j);
+            setPixel(x0+j,y0+i, pixel);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/N5110/N5110.h	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
+#ifndef N5110_H
+#define N5110_H
+
+#include "mbed.h"
+
+/** N5110 Class
+@author Dr Craig A. Evans, University of Leeds
+@brief Controls the ball in the Pong game 
+@date Febraury 2017
+*/ 
+
+// number of pixels on display
+#define WIDTH 84
+#define HEIGHT 48
+#define BANKS 6
+
+/// Fill types for 2D shapes
+enum FillType {
+    FILL_TRANSPARENT, ///< Transparent with outline
+    FILL_BLACK,       ///< Filled black
+    FILL_WHITE,       ///< Filled white (no outline)
+};
+
+/** N5110 Class
+@brief Library for interfacing with Nokia 5110 LCD display (https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10168) using the hardware SPI on the mbed.
+@brief The display is powered from a GPIO pin meaning it can be controlled via software.  The LED backlight is also software-controllable (via PWM pin).
+@brief Can print characters and strings to the display using the included 5x7 font.
+@brief The library also implements a screen buffer so that individual pixels on the display (84 x 48) can be set, cleared and read.
+@brief The library can print primitive shapes (lines, circles, rectangles)
+@brief Acknowledgements to Chris Yan's Nokia_5110 Library.
+
+@brief Revision 1.3
+
+@author Craig A. Evans
+@date   7th February 2017
+
+@code
+
+#include "mbed.h"
+#include "N5110.h"
+
+//      rows,cols
+int sprite[8][5] =   {
+    { 0,0,1,0,0 },
+    { 0,1,1,1,0 },
+    { 0,0,1,0,0 },
+    { 0,1,1,1,0 },
+    { 1,1,1,1,1 },
+    { 1,1,1,1,1 },
+    { 1,1,0,1,1 },
+    { 1,1,0,1,1 },
+};
+
+//    VCC,SCE,RST,D/C,MOSI,SCLK,LED
+//N5110 lcd(p7,p8,p9,p10,p11,p13,p21);  // LPC1768 - pwr from GPIO
+N5110 lcd(p8,p9,p10,p11,p13,p21);  // LPC1768 - powered from +3V3 - JP1 in 2/3 position
+//N5110 lcd(PTC9,PTC0,PTC7,PTD2,PTD1,PTC11);  // K64F - pwr from 3V3
+
+int main()
+{
+    // first need to initialise display
+    lcd.init();
+    
+    // change set contrast in range 0.0 to 1.0
+    // 0.4 appears to be a good starting point
+    lcd.setContrast(0.4);
+
+    while(1) {
+
+        // these are default settings so not strictly needed
+        lcd.normalMode();      // normal colour mode
+        lcd.setBrightness(0.5); // put LED backlight on 50%
+
+        lcd.clear();
+        // x origin, y origin, rows, cols, sprite
+        lcd.drawSprite(20,6,8,5,(int *)sprite);
+        lcd.refresh();
+        wait(5.0);
+
+        lcd.clear(); // clear buffer at start of every loop
+        // can directly print strings at specified co-ordinates (must be less than 84 pixels to fit on display)
+        lcd.printString("Hello, World!",0,0);
+
+        char buffer[14];  // each character is 6 pixels wide, screen is 84 pixels (84/6 = 14)
+        // so can display a string of a maximum 14 characters in length
+        // or create formatted strings - ensure they aren't more than 14 characters long
+        int temperature = 27;
+        int length = sprintf(buffer,"T = %2d C",temperature); // print formatted data to buffer
+        // it is important the format specifier ensures the length will fit in the buffer
+        if (length <= 14)  // if string will fit on display (assuming printing at x=0)
+            lcd.printString(buffer,0,1);           // display on screen
+
+        float pressure = 1012.3;  // same idea with floats
+        length = sprintf(buffer,"P = %.2f mb",pressure);
+        if (length <= 14)
+            lcd.printString(buffer,0,2);
+
+        // can also print individual characters at specified place
+        lcd.printChar('X',5,3);
+
+        // draw a line across the display at y = 40 pixels (origin top-left)
+        for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
+            lcd.setPixel(i,40,true);
+        }
+        // need to refresh display after setting pixels or writing strings
+        lcd.refresh();
+        wait(5.0);
+
+        // can check status of pixel using getPixel(x,y);
+        lcd.clear();  // clear buffer
+        lcd.setPixel(2,2,true);  // set random pixel in buffer
+        lcd.refresh();
+        wait(1.0);
+
+        int pixel_to_test = lcd.getPixel(2,2);
+
+        if ( pixel_to_test ) {
+            lcd.printString("2,2 is set",0,4);
+        }
+
+        // this one shouldn't be set
+        lcd.setPixel(3,3,false);  // clear random pixel in buffer
+        lcd.refresh();
+        pixel_to_test = lcd.getPixel(3,3);
+
+        if ( pixel_to_test == 0 ) {
+            lcd.printString("3,3 is clear",0,5);
+        }
+
+        lcd.refresh();
+        wait(4.0);
+
+        lcd.clear();            // clear buffer
+        lcd.inverseMode();      // invert colours
+        lcd.setBrightness(1.0); // put LED backlight on full
+
+        float array[84];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 84; i++) {
+            array[i] = 0.5 + 0.5*sin(i*2*3.14/84);
+        }
+
+        // can also plot graphs - 84 elements only
+        // values must be in range 0.0 - 1.0
+        lcd.plotArray(array);
+        lcd.refresh();
+        wait(5.0);
+
+        lcd.clear();
+        lcd.normalMode();      // normal colour mode back
+        lcd.setBrightness(0.5); // put LED backlight on 50%
+
+        // example of drawing lines
+        for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH ; x+=10) {
+            // x0,y0,x1,y1,type 0-white,1-black,2-dotted
+            lcd.drawLine(0,0,x,HEIGHT,2);
+        }
+        lcd.refresh();  // refresh after drawing shapes
+        wait(5.0);
+
+
+        lcd.clear();
+        // example of how to draw circles
+        lcd.drawCircle(WIDTH/2,HEIGHT/2,20,FILL_BLACK);  // x,y,radius,black fill
+        lcd.drawCircle(WIDTH/2,HEIGHT/2,10,FILL_WHITE);  // x,y,radius,white fill
+        lcd.drawCircle(WIDTH/2,HEIGHT/2,30,FILL_TRANSPARENT);  // x,y,radius,transparent with outline
+        lcd.refresh();  // refresh after drawing shapes
+        wait(5.0);
+
+        lcd.clear();
+        // example of how to draw rectangles
+        //          origin x,y,width,height,type
+        lcd.drawRect(10,10,50,30,FILL_BLACK);  // filled black rectangle
+        lcd.drawRect(15,15,20,10,FILL_WHITE);  // filled white rectange (no outline)
+        lcd.drawRect(2,2,70,40,FILL_TRANSPARENT);    // transparent, just outline
+        lcd.refresh();  // refresh after drawing shapes
+        wait(5.0);
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+@endcode
+*/
+class N5110
+{
+private:
+// objects
+    SPI         *_spi;
+    PwmOut      *_led;
+    DigitalOut  *_pwr;
+    DigitalOut  *_sce;
+    DigitalOut  *_rst;
+    DigitalOut  *_dc;
+
+// variables
+    unsigned char buffer[84][6];  // screen buffer - the 6 is for the banks - each one is 8 bits;
+
+public:
+    /** Create a N5110 object connected to the specified pins
+    *
+    * @param pwr  Pin connected to Vcc on the LCD display (pin 1)
+    * @param sce  Pin connected to chip enable (pin 3)
+    * @param rst  Pin connected to reset (pin 4)
+    * @param dc   Pin connected to data/command select (pin 5)
+    * @param mosi Pin connected to data input (MOSI) (pin 6)
+    * @param sclk Pin connected to serial clock (SCLK) (pin 7)
+    * @param led  Pin connected to LED backlight (must be PWM) (pin 8)
+    *
+    */
+    N5110(PinName const pwrPin,
+          PinName const scePin,
+          PinName const rstPin,
+          PinName const dcPin,
+          PinName const mosiPin,
+          PinName const sclkPin,
+          PinName const ledPin);
+
+    /** Create a N5110 object connected to the specified pins (Vcc to +3V3)
+    *
+    * @param sce  Pin connected to chip enable (pin 3)
+    * @param rst  Pin connected to reset (pin 4)
+    * @param dc   Pin connected to data/command select (pin 5)
+    * @param mosi Pin connected to data input (MOSI) (pin 6)
+    * @param sclk Pin connected to serial clock (SCLK) (pin 7)
+    * @param led  Pin connected to LED backlight (must be PWM) (pin 8)
+    *
+    */
+    N5110(PinName const scePin,
+          PinName const rstPin,
+          PinName const dcPin,
+          PinName const mosiPin,
+          PinName const sclkPin,
+          PinName const ledPin);
+
+    /**
+     * Free allocated memory when object goes out of scope
+     */
+    ~N5110();
+
+    /** Initialise display
+    *
+    *   Powers up the display and turns on backlight (50% brightness default).
+    *   Sets the display up in horizontal addressing mode and with normal video mode.
+    */
+    void init();
+
+    /** Turn off
+    *
+    *   Powers down the display and turns of the backlight.
+    *   Needs to be reinitialised before being re-used.
+    */
+    void turnOff();
+
+    /** Clear
+    *
+    *   Clears the screen buffer.
+    */
+    void clear();
+
+    /** Set screen constrast
+    *   @param constrast - float in range 0.0 to 1.0 (0.40 to 0.60 is usually a good value)
+    */
+    void setContrast(float contrast);
+    
+    /** Turn on normal video mode (default)
+    *  Black on white
+    */
+    void normalMode();
+
+    /** Turn on inverse video mode (default)
+    *  White on black
+    */
+    void inverseMode();
+
+    /** Set Brightness
+    *
+    *   Sets brightness of LED backlight.
+    *   @param brightness - float in range 0.0 to 1.0
+    */
+    void setBrightness(float const brightness);
+
+    /** Print String
+    *
+    *   Prints a string of characters to the screen buffer. String is cut-off after the 83rd pixel.
+    *   @param x - the column number (0 to 83)
+    *   @param y - the row number (0 to 5) - the display is split into 6 banks - each bank can be considered a row
+    */
+    void printString(char const         *str,
+                     unsigned int const  x,
+                     unsigned int const  y);
+
+    /** Print Character
+    *
+    *   Sends a character to the screen buffer.  Printed at the specified location. Character is cut-off after the 83rd pixel.
+    *   @param  c - the character to print. Can print ASCII as so printChar('C').
+    *   @param x - the column number (0 to 83)
+    *   @param y - the row number (0 to 5) - the display is split into 6 banks - each bank can be considered a row
+    */
+    void printChar(char const         c,
+                   unsigned int const x,
+                   unsigned int const y);
+
+    /**
+    * @brief Set a Pixel
+    *
+    * @param x     The x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
+    * @param y     The y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
+    * @param state The state of the pixel [true=black (default), false=white]
+    *
+    * @details This function sets the state of a pixel in the screen buffer.
+    *          The third parameter can be omitted,
+    */
+    void setPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                  unsigned int const y,
+                  bool const         state = true);
+
+    /**
+    *  @brief Clear a Pixel
+    *
+    *   @param  x - the x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
+    *   @param  y - the y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
+    *
+    *   @details This function clears pixel in the screen buffer
+    *
+    *   @deprecated Use setPixel(x, y, false) instead
+    */
+    void clearPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                    unsigned int const y)
+    __attribute__((deprecated("Use setPixel(x,y,false) instead")));
+
+    /** Get a Pixel
+    *
+    *   This function gets the status of a pixel in the screen buffer.
+    *   @param  x - the x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
+    *   @param  y - the y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
+    *   @returns
+    *       0           - pixel is clear
+    *       1    - pixel is set
+    */
+    int getPixel(unsigned int const x,
+                 unsigned int const y) const;
+
+    /** Refresh display
+    *
+    *   This functions sends the screen buffer to the display.
+    */
+    void refresh();
+
+    /** Randomise buffer
+    *
+    *   This function fills the buffer with random data.  Can be used to test the display.
+    *   A call to refresh() must be made to update the display to reflect the change in pixels.
+    *   The seed is not set and so the generated pattern will probably be the same each time.
+    *   TODO: Randomise the seed - maybe using the noise on the AnalogIn pins.
+    */
+    void randomiseBuffer();
+
+    /** Plot Array
+    *
+    *   This function plots a one-dimensional array in the buffer.
+    *   @param array[] - y values of the plot. Values should be normalised in the range 0.0 to 1.0. First 84 plotted.
+    */
+    void plotArray(float const array[]);
+
+    /** Draw Circle
+    *
+    *   This function draws a circle at the specified origin with specified radius in the screen buffer
+    *   Uses the midpoint circle algorithm.
+    *   @see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
+    *   @param  x0     - x-coordinate of centre
+    *   @param  y0     - y-coordinate of centre
+    *   @param  radius - radius of circle in pixels
+    *   @param  fill   - fill-type for the shape
+    */
+    void drawCircle(unsigned int const x0,
+                    unsigned int const y0,
+                    unsigned int const radius,
+                    FillType const     fill);
+
+    /** Draw Line
+    *
+    *   This function draws a line between the specified points using linear interpolation.
+    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of first point
+    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of first point
+    *   @param  x1 - x-coordinate of last point
+    *   @param  y1 - y-coordinate of last point
+    *   @param  type - 0 white,1 black,2 dotted
+    */
+    void drawLine(unsigned int const x0,
+                  unsigned int const y0,
+                  unsigned int const x1,
+                  unsigned int const y1,
+                  unsigned int const type);
+
+    /** Draw Rectangle
+    *
+    *   This function draws a rectangle.
+    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of origin (top-left)
+    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of origin (top-left)
+    *   @param  width - width of rectangle
+    *   @param  height - height of rectangle
+    *   @param  fill   - fill-type for the shape
+    */
+    void drawRect(unsigned int const x0,
+                  unsigned int const y0,
+                  unsigned int const width,
+                  unsigned int const height,
+                  FillType const     fill);
+
+    /** Draw Sprite
+    *
+    *   This function draws a sprite as defined in a 2D array
+    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of origin (top-left)
+    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of origin (top-left)
+    *   @param  nrows - number of rows in sprite
+    *   @param  ncols - number of columns in sprite
+    *   @param  sprite - 2D array representing the sprite
+    */
+    void drawSprite(int x0,
+                    int y0,
+                    int nrows,
+                    int ncols,
+                    int *sprite);
+
+
+private:
+// methods
+    void setXYAddress(unsigned int const x,
+                      unsigned int const y);
+    void initSPI();
+    void turnOn();
+    void reset();
+    void clearRAM();
+    void sendCommand(unsigned char command);
+    void sendData(unsigned char data);
+    void setTempCoefficient(char tc);  // 0 to 3
+    void setBias(char bias);  // 0 to 7
+};
+
+const unsigned char font5x7[480] = {
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// (space)
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x5F, 0x00, 0x00,// !
+    0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
+    0x14, 0x7F, 0x14, 0x7F, 0x14,// #
+    0x24, 0x2A, 0x7F, 0x2A, 0x12,// $
+    0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62,// %
+    0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
+    0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
+    0x00, 0x1C, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00,// )
+    0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08,// *
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
+    0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00,// ,
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
+    0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
+    0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
+    0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
+    0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
+    0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
+    0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
+    0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
+    0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
+    0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
+    0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
+    0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
+    0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
+    0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
+    0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
+    0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// <
+    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
+    0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x00,// >
+    0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
+    0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3E,// @
+    0x7E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7E,// A
+    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
+    0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
+    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01, 0x01,// F
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x51, 0x32,// G
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
+    0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
+    0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
+    0x7F, 0x02, 0x04, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
+    0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
+    0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
+    0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
+    0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
+    0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
+    0x7F, 0x20, 0x18, 0x20, 0x7F,// W
+    0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
+    0x03, 0x04, 0x78, 0x04, 0x03,// Y
+    0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41,// [
+    0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20,// "\"
+    0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,// ]
+    0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
+    0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
+    0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// `
+    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
+    0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
+    0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
+    0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
+    0x08, 0x14, 0x54, 0x54, 0x3C,// g
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
+    0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
+    0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3D, 0x00,// j
+    0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// k
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
+    0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
+    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
+    0x7C, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08,// p
+    0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7C,// q
+    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
+    0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
+    0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
+    0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
+    0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
+    0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
+    0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
+    0x0C, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3C,// y
+    0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
+    0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00,// {
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,// |
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00,// }
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x08,// ->
+    0x08, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08, 0x08 // <-
+};
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/main.cpp	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "mbed.h"
+#include "N5110.h"
+N5110 lcd(PTC9,PTC0,PTC7,PTD2,PTD1,PTC11);
+int main()
+{
+    lcd.init();
+    lcd.printString("     Hello     ",0,1);
+    lcd.refresh();
+    
+}

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/mbed.bld	Mon Apr 27 13:42:41 2020 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1 @@
+http://mbed.org/users/mbed_official/code/mbed/builds/176b8275d35d
\ No newline at end of file