TextLCD.h

00001 /* mbed TextLCD Library, for a 4-bit LCD based on HD44780
00002  * Copyright (c) 2007-2010, sford, http://mbed.org
00003  *               2013, v01: WH, Added LCD types, fixed LCD address issues, added Cursor and UDCs 
00004  *               2013, v02: WH, Added I2C and SPI bus interfaces
00005  *               2013, v03: WH, Added support for LCD40x4 which uses 2 controllers   
00006  *               2013, v04: WH, Added support for Display On/Off, improved 4bit bootprocess  
00007  *               2013, v05: WH, Added support for 8x2B, added some UDCs  
00008  *               2013, v06: WH, Added support for devices that use internal DC/DC converters 
00009  *               2013, v07: WH, Added support for backlight and include portdefinitions for LCD2004 Module from DFROBOT
00010  *
00011  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
00012  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
00013  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
00014  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
00015  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
00016  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
00017  *
00018  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
00019  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
00020  *
00021  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
00022  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
00023  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
00024  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
00025  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
00026  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
00027  * THE SOFTWARE.
00028  */
00029 
00030 #ifndef MBED_TEXTLCD_H
00031 #define MBED_TEXTLCD_H
00032 
00033 #include "mbed.h"
00034 
00035 
00036 /** A TextLCD interface for driving 4-bit HD44780-based LCDs
00037  *
00038  * Currently supports 8x1, 8x2, 12x4, 16x1, 16x2, 16x4, 20x2, 20x4, 24x2, 24x4, 40x2 and 40x4 panels
00039  * Interface options include direct mbed pins, I2C portexpander (PCF8474) or SPI bus shiftregister (74595)
00040  * Supports some controllers that provide internal DC/DC converters for VLCD or VLED. 
00041  *
00042  * @code
00043  * #include "mbed.h"
00044  * #include "TextLCD.h"
00045  * 
00046  * // I2C Communication
00047  * I2C i2c_lcd(p28,p27); // SDA, SCL
00048  *
00049  * // SPI Communication
00050  * SPI spi_lcd(p5, NC, p7); // MOSI, MISO, SCLK
00051  *
00052  * TextLCD lcd(p15, p16, p17, p18, p19, p20);     // RS, E, D4-D7, LCDType=LCD16x2, BL=NC, E2=NC, LCDTCtrl=HD44780
00053  * //TextLCD lcd(&spi_lcd, p8, TextLCD::LCD40x4);   // SPI bus, CS pin, LCD Type  
00054  * //TextLCD lcd(&i2c_lcd, 0x42, TextLCD::LCD20x4); // I2C bus, PCF8574 Slaveaddress, LCD Type
00055  * //TextLCD lcd(&i2c_lcd, 0x42, TextLCD::LCD16x2, TextLCD::WS0010); // I2C bus, PCF8574 Slaveaddress, LCD Type, Device Type
00056  * 
00057  * int main() {
00058  *   lcd.printf("Hello World!\n");
00059  * }
00060  * @endcode
00061  */
00062 
00063 //Pin Defines for I2C PCF8574 and SPI 74595 Bus interfaces
00064 //LCD and serial portexpanders should be wired accordingly 
00065 //
00066 #if (1)
00067 //Definitions for hardware used by WH 
00068 //Note: LCD RW pin must be connected to GND
00069 //      E2 is used for LCD40x4 (second controller)
00070 //      BL may be used for future expansion to control backlight
00071 #define D_LCD_PIN_D4   0
00072 #define D_LCD_PIN_D5   1
00073 #define D_LCD_PIN_D6   2
00074 #define D_LCD_PIN_D7   3
00075 #define D_LCD_PIN_RS   4
00076 #define D_LCD_PIN_E    5
00077 #define D_LCD_PIN_E2   6
00078 #define D_LCD_PIN_BL   7
00079 
00080 #define D_LCD_PIN_RW   D_LCD_PIN_E2
00081 
00082 #else
00083 
00084 //Definitions for LCD2004 Module from DFROBOT, See http://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/LCD-Blue-I2C
00085 //This hardware is different from earlier/different Arduino I2C LCD displays
00086 //Note: LCD RW pin must be kept LOW
00087 //      E2 is not available on default Arduino hardware and does not support LCD40x4 (second controller)
00088 //      BL is used to control backlight
00089 #define D_LCD_PIN_RS   0
00090 #define D_LCD_PIN_RW   1
00091 #define D_LCD_PIN_E    2
00092 #define D_LCD_PIN_BL   3
00093 #define D_LCD_PIN_D4   4
00094 #define D_LCD_PIN_D5   5
00095 #define D_LCD_PIN_D6   6
00096 #define D_LCD_PIN_D7   7
00097 
00098 #define D_LCD_PIN_E2   D_LCD_PIN_RW
00099 #endif
00100 
00101 //Bitpattern Defines for I2C PCF8574 and SPI 74595 Bus
00102 //
00103 #define D_LCD_D4       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_D4)
00104 #define D_LCD_D5       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_D5)
00105 #define D_LCD_D6       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_D6)
00106 #define D_LCD_D7       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_D7)
00107 #define D_LCD_RS       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_RS)
00108 #define D_LCD_E        (1<<D_LCD_PIN_E)
00109 #define D_LCD_E2       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_E2)
00110 #define D_LCD_BL       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_BL)
00111 //#define D_LCD_RW       (1<<D_LCD_PIN_RW)
00112 
00113 
00114 #define D_LCD_BUS_MSK  (D_LCD_D4 | D_LCD_D5 | D_LCD_D6 | D_LCD_D7)
00115 #define D_LCD_BUS_DEF  0x00
00116 
00117 
00118 /** Some sample User Defined Chars 5x7 dots */
00119 const char udc_ae[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x1B, 0x05, 0x1F, 0x14, 0x1F, 0x00};  //æ
00120 const char udc_0e[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x13, 0x15, 0x19, 0x0E, 0x00};  //ø
00121 const char udc_ao[] = {0x0E, 0x0A, 0x0E, 0x01, 0x0F, 0x11, 0x0F, 0x00};  //å
00122 const char udc_AE[] = {0x0F, 0x14, 0x14, 0x1F, 0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x00};  //Æ
00123 const char udc_0E[] = {0x0E, 0x13, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x19, 0x0E, 0x00};  //Ø
00124 const char udc_Ao[] = {0x0E, 0x0A, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x11, 0x00};  //Å
00125 const char udc_PO[] = {0x04, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x1F, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x1F, 0x00};  //Padlock Open
00126 const char udc_PC[] = {0x1C, 0x10, 0x08, 0x1F, 0x1B, 0x1B, 0x1F, 0x00};  //Padlock Closed
00127 
00128 const char udc_0[]  = {0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x14, 0x18, 0x00};  // |>
00129 const char udc_1[]  = {0x03, 0x05, 0x09, 0x11, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00};  // <|
00130 const char udc_2[]  = {0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00};  // |
00131 const char udc_3[]  = {0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x00};  // ||
00132 const char udc_4[]  = {0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x00};  // |||
00133 const char udc_5[]  = {0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00};  // =
00134 const char udc_6[]  = {0x15, 0x0a, 0x15, 0x0a, 0x15, 0x0a, 0x15, 0x00};  // checkerboard
00135 const char udc_7[]  = {0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00};  // \
00136 
00137 const char udc_degr[]   = {0x06, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};  // Degree symbol
00138 
00139 const char udc_TM_T[]   = {0x1F, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};  // Trademark T
00140 const char udc_TM_M[]   = {0x11, 0x1B, 0x15, 0x11, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};  // Trademark M
00141 
00142 //const char udc_Bat_Hi[] = {0x0E, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Full
00143 //const char udc_Bat_Ha[] = {0x0E, 0x11, 0x13, 0x17, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Half
00144 //const char udc_Bat_Lo[] = {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Low
00145 const char udc_Bat_Hi[] = {0x0E, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Full
00146 const char udc_Bat_Ha[] = {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Half
00147 const char udc_Bat_Lo[] = {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Battery Low
00148 const char udc_AC[]     = {0x0A, 0x0A, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00};  // AC Power
00149 
00150 //const char udc_smiley[] = {0x00, 0x0A, 0x00, 0x04, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00};  // Smiley
00151 //const char udc_droopy[] = {0x00, 0x0A, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x00};  // Droopey
00152 //const char udc_note[]   = {0x01, 0x03, 0x05, 0x09, 0x0B, 0x1B, 0x18, 0x00};  // Note
00153 
00154 //const char udc_bar_1[]  = {0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00};  // Bar 1
00155 //const char udc_bar_2[]  = {0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00};  // Bar 11
00156 //const char udc_bar_3[]  = {0x1C, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x00};  // Bar 111
00157 //const char udc_bar_4[]  = {0x17, 0x17, 0x17, 0x17, 0x17, 0x17, 0x17, 0x00};  // Bar 1111
00158 //const char udc_bar_5[]  = {0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00};  // Bar 11111
00159 
00160 
00161 /** A TextLCD interface for driving 4-bit HD44780-based LCDs
00162  *
00163  * Currently supports 8x1, 8x2, 12x2, 12x4, 16x1, 16x2, 16x4, 20x2, 20x4, 24x2, 24x4, 40x2 and 40x4 panels
00164  *
00165  */
00166 class TextLCD : public Stream {
00167 public:
00168 
00169     /** LCD panel format */
00170     enum LCDType {
00171         LCD8x1,     /**<  8x1 LCD panel */    
00172         LCD8x2,     /**<  8x2 LCD panel */          
00173         LCD8x2B,    /**<  8x2 LCD panel (actually 16x1) */                  
00174         LCD12x2,    /**< 12x2 LCD panel */                          
00175         LCD12x4,    /**< 12x4 LCD panel */                  
00176         LCD16x1,    /**< 16x1 LCD panel (actually 8x2) */          
00177         LCD16x2,    /**< 16x2 LCD panel (default) */
00178         LCD16x2B,   /**< 16x2 LCD panel alternate addressing */
00179         LCD16x4,    /**< 16x4 LCD panel */        
00180         LCD20x2,    /**< 20x2 LCD panel */
00181         LCD20x4,    /**< 20x4 LCD panel */
00182         LCD24x2,    /**< 24x2 LCD panel */        
00183         LCD24x4,    /**< 24x4 LCD panel, special mode KS0078 */                
00184         LCD40x2,    /**< 40x2 LCD panel */                
00185         LCD40x4     /**< 40x4 LCD panel, Two controller version */                        
00186     };
00187 
00188     /** LCD Controller Device */
00189     enum LCDCtrl {
00190         HD44780,    /**<  HD44780 (default)      */    
00191         WS0010,     /**<  WS0010 OLED Controller */    
00192         ST7036      /**<  ST7036                 */    
00193     };
00194 
00195 
00196     /** LCD Cursor control */
00197     enum LCDCursor {
00198         CurOff_BlkOff = 0x00,  /**<  Cursor Off, Blinking Char Off */    
00199         CurOn_BlkOff  = 0x02,  /**<  Cursor On, Blinking Char Off */    
00200         CurOff_BlkOn  = 0x01,  /**<  Cursor Off, Blinking Char On */    
00201         CurOn_BlkOn   = 0x03   /**<  Cursor On, Blinking Char On */    
00202     };
00203 
00204 
00205     /** LCD Display control */
00206     enum LCDMode {
00207         DispOff = 0x00,  /**<  Display Off */    
00208         DispOn  = 0x04   /**<  Display On */            
00209     };
00210 
00211    /** LCD Backlight control */
00212     enum LCDBacklight {
00213         LightOff,        /**<  Backlight Off */    
00214         LightOn          /**<  Backlight On */            
00215     };
00216 
00217     /** Create a TextLCD interface using an SPI 74595 portexpander
00218      *
00219      * @param spi             SPI Bus
00220      * @param cs              chip select pin (active low)
00221      * @param type            Sets the panel size/addressing mode (default = LCD16x2)
00222      * @param ctrl            LCD controller (default = HD44780)                     
00223      */
00224     TextLCD(SPI *spi, PinName cs, PinName rs, LCDType type = LCD16x2, LCDCtrl ctrl = HD44780);
00225 
00226 
00227 #if DOXYGEN_ONLY
00228     /** Write a character to the LCD
00229      *
00230      * @param c The character to write to the display
00231      */
00232     int putc(int c);
00233 
00234     /** Write a formated string to the LCD
00235      *
00236      * @param format A printf-style format string, followed by the
00237      *               variables to use in formating the string.
00238      */
00239     int printf(const char* format, ...);
00240 #endif
00241 
00242     /** Locate to a screen column and row
00243      *
00244      * @param column  The horizontal position from the left, indexed from 0
00245      * @param row     The vertical position from the top, indexed from 0
00246      */
00247     void locate(int column, int row);
00248 
00249 
00250     /** Return the memoryaddress of screen column and row location
00251      *
00252      * @param column  The horizontal position from the left, indexed from 0
00253      * @param row     The vertical position from the top, indexed from 0
00254      * @param return  The memoryaddress of screen column and row location
00255      */
00256     int  getAddress(int column, int row);    
00257     
00258     
00259     /** Set the memoryaddress of screen column and row location
00260      *
00261      * @param column  The horizontal position from the left, indexed from 0
00262      * @param row     The vertical position from the top, indexed from 0
00263      */
00264     void setAddress(int column, int row);        
00265 
00266 
00267     /** Clear the screen and locate to 0,0 */
00268     void cls();
00269 
00270     /** Return the number of rows
00271      *
00272      * @param return  The number of rows
00273      */
00274     int rows();
00275     
00276     /** Return the number of columns
00277      *
00278      * @param return  The number of columns
00279      */  
00280     int columns();  
00281 
00282     /** Set the Cursormode
00283      *
00284      * @param cursorMode  The Cursor mode (CurOff_BlkOff, CurOn_BlkOff, CurOff_BlkOn, CurOn_BlkOn)
00285      */
00286     void setCursor(LCDCursor cursorMode);     
00287     
00288 
00289     /** Set the Displaymode
00290      *
00291      * @param displayMode The Display mode (DispOff, DispOn)
00292      */
00293     void setMode(TextLCD::LCDMode displayMode);     
00294 
00295     
00296     /** Set User Defined Characters
00297      *
00298      * @param unsigned char c   The Index of the UDC (0..7)
00299      * @param char *udc_data    The bitpatterns for the UDC (8 bytes of 5 significant bits)     
00300      */
00301     void setUDC(unsigned char c, char *udc_data);
00302 
00303 
00304 protected:
00305    /* LCD Bus control */
00306     enum _LCDBus {
00307         _PinBus,  /*<  Regular mbed pins */    
00308         _I2CBus,  /*<  I2C PCF8574 Portexpander */    
00309         _SPIBus   /*<  SPI 74595 Shiftregister */    
00310     };
00311 
00312    /* LCD controller select, mainly used for LCD40x4 */
00313     enum _LCDCtrl_Idx {
00314         _LCDCtrl_0,  /*<  Primary */    
00315         _LCDCtrl_1,  /*<  Secondary */            
00316     };
00317     
00318     // Stream implementation functions
00319     virtual int _putc(int value);
00320     virtual int _getc();
00321 
00322 //Low level methods for LCD controller
00323     void _init();    
00324     void _initCtrl();    
00325     int  _address(int column, int row);
00326     void _setCursor(TextLCD::LCDCursor show);
00327     void _setUDC(unsigned char c, char *udc_data);   
00328     void _setCursorAndDisplayMode(TextLCD::LCDMode displayMode, TextLCD::LCDCursor cursorType);       
00329     
00330 //Low level write operations to LCD controller
00331     void _writeNibble(int value);
00332     void _writeByte(int value);
00333     void _writeCommand(int command);
00334     void _writeData(int data);
00335 
00336 //Low level writes to LCD Bus (serial or parallel)
00337     void _setEnable(bool value);
00338     void _setRS(bool value);  
00339     void _setBL(bool value);
00340     void _setData(int value);
00341     void _setCS(bool value);
00342     
00343 //Low level writes to LCD serial bus only
00344     void _writeBus();      
00345 
00346   
00347 // Regular mbed pins bus
00348     DigitalOut _rs, _e, _bl, _e2;
00349     BusOut _d;
00350     
00351 // I2C bus    
00352     I2C *_i2c;
00353     unsigned char _slaveAddress;
00354     
00355 // SPI bus        
00356     SPI *_spi;
00357     DigitalOut _cs;    
00358     
00359 //Bus Interface type    
00360     _LCDBus _busType;
00361 
00362 // Internal bus mirror value for serial bus only
00363     char _lcd_bus;   
00364     
00365 //Display type
00366     LCDType _type;
00367 
00368 //Display type
00369     LCDMode _currentMode;
00370 
00371 //Controller type 
00372     LCDCtrl _ctrl;    
00373 
00374 //Controller select, mainly used for LCD40x4 
00375     _LCDCtrl_Idx _ctrl_idx;    
00376 
00377 // Cursor
00378     int _column;
00379     int _row;
00380     LCDCursor _currentCursor;    
00381 };
00382 
00383 #endif