Tianli Xu / Mbed 2 deprecated mbed_2645

Project of Accelerometer

Dependencies:   mbed

accelerometer.cpp@0:07b87332e97f, 2015-05-09 (annotated)

Committer:
XuTianli
Date:
Sat May 09 21:03:13 2015 +0000
Revision:
0:07b87332e97f
ELEC 2645

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 1 /**
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 2 @file N5110.cpp
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 3
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 4 @brief Member functions implementations
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 5
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 6 */
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 7 #include "mbed.h"
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 8 #include "N5110.h"
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 9 #include "MMA8452.h"
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 10
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 11 N5110::N5110(PinName pwrPin, PinName scePin, PinName rstPin, PinName dcPin, PinName mosiPin, PinName sclkPin, PinName ledPin)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 12 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 13
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 14 spi = new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin); // create new SPI instance and initialise
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 15 initSPI();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 16
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 17 // set up pins as required
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 18 led = new PwmOut(ledPin);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 19 pwr = new DigitalOut(pwrPin);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 20 sce = new DigitalOut(scePin);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 21 rst = new DigitalOut(rstPin);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 22 dc = new DigitalOut(dcPin);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 23
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 24 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 25
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 26 // initialise function - powers up and sends the initialisation commands
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 27 void N5110::init()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 28 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 29 turnOn(); // power up
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 30 wait_ms(10); // small delay seems to prevent spurious pixels during mbed reset
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 31 reset(); // reset LCD - must be done within 100 ms
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 32
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 33 // function set - extended
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 34 sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_EXTENDED_MODE);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 35 // Don't completely understand these parameters - they seem to work as they are
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 36 // Consult the datasheet if you need to change them
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 37 sendCommand(CMD_VOP_7V38); // operating voltage - these values are from Chris Yan's Library
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 38 sendCommand(CMD_TC_TEMP_2); // temperature control
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 39 sendCommand(CMD_BI_MUX_48); // bias
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 40
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 41 // function set - basic
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 42 sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_BASIC_MODE);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 43 normalMode(); // normal video mode by default
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 44 sendCommand(CMD_DC_NORMAL_MODE); // black on white
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 45
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 46 // RAM is undefined at power-up so clear
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 47 clearRAM();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 48
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 49 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 50
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 51 // sets normal video mode (black on white)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 52 void N5110::normalMode()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 53 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 54 sendCommand(CMD_DC_NORMAL_MODE);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 55
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 56 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 57
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 58 // sets normal video mode (white on black)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 59 void N5110::inverseMode()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 60 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 61 sendCommand(CMD_DC_INVERT_VIDEO);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 62 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 63
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 64 // function to power up the LCD and backlight
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 65 void N5110::turnOn()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 66 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 67 // set brightness of LED - 0.0 to 1.0 - default is 50%
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 68 setBrightness(0.5);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 69 pwr->write(1); // apply power
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 70 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 71
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 72 // function to power down LCD
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 73 void N5110::turnOff()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 74 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 75 setBrightness(0.0); // turn backlight off
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 76 clearRAM(); // clear RAM to ensure specified current consumption
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 77 // send command to ensure we are in basic mode
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 78 sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_BASIC_MODE);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 79 // clear the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 80 sendCommand(CMD_DC_CLEAR_DISPLAY);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 81 // enter the extended mode and power down
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 82 sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_POWER_DOWN_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_EXTENDED_MODE);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 83 // small delay and then turn off the power pin
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 84 wait_ms(10);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 85 pwr->write(0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 86
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 87 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 88
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 89 // function to change LED backlight brightness
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 90 void N5110::setBrightness(float brightness)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 91 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 92 // check whether brightness is within range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 93 if (brightness < 0.0)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 94 brightness = 0.0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 95 if (brightness > 1.0)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 96 brightness = 1.0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 97 // set PWM duty cycle
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 98 led->write(brightness);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 99 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 100
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 101
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 102 // pulse the active low reset line
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 103 void N5110::reset()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 104 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 105 rst->write(0); // reset the LCD
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 106 rst->write(1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 107 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 108
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 109 // function to initialise SPI peripheral
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 110 void N5110::initSPI()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 111 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 112 spi->format(8,1); // 8 bits, Mode 1 - polarity 0, phase 1 - base value of clock is 0, data captured on falling edge/propagated on rising edge
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 113 spi->frequency(4000000); // maximum of screen is 4 MHz
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 114 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 115
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 116 // send a command to the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 117 void N5110::sendCommand(unsigned char command)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 118 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 119 dc->write(0); // set DC low for command
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 120 sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 121 spi->write(command); // send command
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 122 dc->write(1); // turn back to data by default
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 123 sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 124
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 125 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 126
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 127 // send data to the display at the current XY address
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 128 // dc is set to 1 (i.e. data) after sending a command and so should
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 129 // be the default mode.
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 130 void N5110::sendData(unsigned char data)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 131 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 132 sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 133 spi->write(data);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 134 sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 135 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 136
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 137 // this function writes 0 to the 504 bytes to clear the RAM
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 138 void N5110::clearRAM()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 139 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 140 int i;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 141 sce->write(0); //set CE low to begin frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 142 for(i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT; i++) { // 48 x 84 bits = 504 bytes
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 143 spi->write(0x00); // send 0's
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 144 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 145 sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 146
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 147 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 148
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 149 // function to set the XY address in RAM for subsequenct data write
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 150 void N5110::setXYAddress(int x, int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 151 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 152 if (x>=0 && x<WIDTH && y>=0 && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 153 sendCommand(0x80 | x); // send addresses to display with relevant mask
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 154 sendCommand(0x40 | y);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 155 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 156 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 157
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 158 // These functions are used to set, clear and get the value of pixels in the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 159 // Pixels are addressed in the range of 0 to 47 (y) and 0 to 83 (x). The refresh()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 160 // function must be called after set and clear in order to update the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 161 void N5110::setPixel(int x, int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 162 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 163 if (x>=0 && x<WIDTH && y>=0 && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 164 // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position in the data byte
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 165 buffer[x][y/8] |= (1 << y%8);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 166 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 167 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 168
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 169 void N5110::clearPixel(int x, int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 170 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 171 if (x>=0 && x<WIDTH && y>=0 && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 172 // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position (using bit clear)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 173 buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 174 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 175 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 176
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 177 int N5110::getPixel(int x, int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 178 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 179 if (x>=0 && x<WIDTH && y>=0 && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 180 // return relevant bank and mask required bit
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 181 return (int) buffer[x][y/8] & (1 << y%8);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 182 // note this does not necessarily return 1 - a non-zero number represents a pixel
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 183 } else {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 184 return 0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 185 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 186 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 187
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 188 // function to refresh the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 189 void N5110::refresh()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 190 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 191 int i,j;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 192
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 193 setXYAddress(0,0); // important to set address back to 0,0 before refreshing display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 194 // address auto increments after printing string, so buffer[0][0] will not coincide
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 195 // with top-left pixel after priting string
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 196
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 197 sce->write(0); //set CE low to begin frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 198
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 199 for(j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) { // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 200 for(i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 201 spi->write(buffer[i][j]); // send buffer
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 202 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 203 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 204 sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 205
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 206 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 207
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 208 // fills the buffer with random bytes. Can be used to test the display.
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 209 // The rand() function isn't seeded so it probably creates the same pattern everytime
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 210 void N5110::randomiseBuffer()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 211 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 212 int i,j;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 213 for(j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) { // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 214 for(i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 215 buffer[i][j] = rand()%256; // generate random byte
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 216 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 217 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 218
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 219 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 220
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 221 // function to print 5x7 font
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 222 void N5110::printChar(char c,int x,int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 223 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 224 if (y>=0 && y<BANKS) { // check if printing in range of y banks
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 225
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 226 for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 227 int pixel_x = x+i;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 228 if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 229 break;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 230 buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(c - 32)*5 + i];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 231 // array is offset by 32 relative to ASCII, each character is 5 pixels wide
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 232 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 233
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 234 refresh(); // this sends the buffer to the display and sets address (cursor) back to 0,0
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 235 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 236 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 237
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 238 // function to print string at specified position
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 239 void N5110::printString(const char * str,int x,int y)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 240 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 241 if (y>=0 && y<BANKS) { // check if printing in range of y banks
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 242
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 243 int n = 0 ; // counter for number of characters in string
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 244 // loop through string and print character
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 245 while(*str) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 246
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 247 // writes the character bitmap data to the buffer, so that
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 248 // text and pixels can be displayed at the same time
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 249 for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 250 int pixel_x = x+i+n*6;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 251 if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 252 break;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 253 buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(*str - 32)*5 + i];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 254 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 255
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 256 str++; // go to next character in string
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 257
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 258 n++; // increment index
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 259
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 260 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 261
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 262 refresh(); // this sends the buffer to the display and sets address (cursor) back to 0,0
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 263 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 264 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 265
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 266 // function to clear the screen
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 267 void N5110::clear()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 268 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 269 clearBuffer(); // clear the buffer then call the refresh function
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 270 refresh();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 271 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 272
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 273 // function to clear the buffer
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 274 void N5110::clearBuffer()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 275 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 276 int i,j;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 277 for (i=0; i<WIDTH; i++) { // loop through the banks and set the buffer to 0
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 278 for (j=0; j<BANKS; j++) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 279 buffer[i][j]=0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 280 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 281 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 282 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 283
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 284 // function to plot array on display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 285 void N5110::plotArray(float array[])
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 286 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 287
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 288 int i;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 289
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 290 for (i=0; i<WIDTH; i++) { // loop through array
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 291 // elements are normalised from 0.0 to 1.0, so multiply
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 292 // by 47 to convert to pixel range, and subtract from 47
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 293 // since top-left is 0,0 in the display geometry
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 294 setPixel(i,47 - int(array[i]*47.0));
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 295 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 296
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 297 refresh();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 298
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 299 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 300
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 301 // function to draw circle
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 302 void N5110:: drawCircle(int x0,int y0,int radius,int fill)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 303 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 304 // from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 305 int x = radius;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 306 int y = 0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 307 int radiusError = 1-x;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 308
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 309 while(x >= y) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 310
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 311 // if transparent, just draw outline
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 312 if (fill == 0) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 313 setPixel( x + x0, y + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 314 setPixel(-x + x0, y + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 315 setPixel( y + x0, x + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 316 setPixel(-y + x0, x + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 317 setPixel(-y + x0, -x + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 318 setPixel( y + x0, -x + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 319 setPixel( x + x0, -y + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 320 setPixel(-x + x0, -y + y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 321 } else { // drawing filled circle, so draw lines between points at same y value
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 322
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 323 int type = (fill==1) ? 1:0; // black or white fill
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 324
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 325 drawLine(x+x0,y+y0,-x+x0,y+y0,type);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 326 drawLine(y+x0,x+y0,-y+x0,x+y0,type);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 327 drawLine(y+x0,-x+y0,-y+x0,-x+y0,type);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 328 drawLine(x+x0,-y+y0,-x+x0,-y+y0,type);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 329 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 330
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 331
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 332 y++;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 333 if (radiusError<0) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 334 radiusError += 2 * y + 1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 335 } else {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 336 x--;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 337 radiusError += 2 * (y - x) + 1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 338 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 339 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 340
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 341 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 342
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 343 void N5110::drawLine(int x0,int y0,int x1,int y1,int type)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 344 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 345 int y_range = y1-y0; // calc range of y and x
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 346 int x_range = x1-x0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 347 int start,stop,step;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 348
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 349 // if dotted line, set step to 2, else step is 1
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 350 step = (type==2) ? 2:1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 351
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 352 // make sure we loop over the largest range to get the most pixels on the display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 353 // for instance, if drawing a vertical line (x_range = 0), we need to loop down the y pixels
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 354 // or else we'll only end up with 1 pixel in the x column
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 355 if ( abs(x_range) > abs(y_range) ) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 356
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 357 // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 358 start = x1>x0 ? x0:x1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 359 stop = x1>x0 ? x1:x0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 360
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 361 // loop between x pixels
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 362 for (int x = start; x<= stop ; x+=step) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 363 // do linear interpolation
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 364 int y = y0 + (y1-y0)*(x-x0)/(x1-x0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 365
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 366 if (type == 0) // if 'white' line, turn off pixel
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 367 clearPixel(x,y);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 368 else
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 369 setPixel(x,y); // else if 'black' or 'dotted' turn on pixel
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 370 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 371 } else {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 372
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 373 // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 374 start = y1>y0 ? y0:y1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 375 stop = y1>y0 ? y1:y0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 376
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 377 for (int y = start; y<= stop ; y+=step) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 378 // do linear interpolation
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 379 int x = x0 + (x1-x0)*(y-y0)/(y1-y0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 380
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 381 if (type == 0) // if 'white' line, turn off pixel
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 382 clearPixel(x,y);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 383 else
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 384 setPixel(x,y); // else if 'black' or 'dotted' turn on pixel
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 385
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 386 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 387 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 388
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 389 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 390
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 391 void N5110::drawRect(int x0,int y0,int width,int height,int fill)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 392 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 393
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 394 if (fill == 0) { // transparent, just outline
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 395 drawLine(x0,y0,x0+width,y0,1); // top
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 396 drawLine(x0,y0+height,x0+width,y0+height,1); // bottom
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 397 drawLine(x0,y0,x0,y0+height,1); // left
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 398 drawLine(x0+width,y0,x0+width,y0+height,1); // right
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 399 } else { // filled rectangle
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 400 int type = (fill==1) ? 1:0; // black or white fill
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 401 for (int y = y0; y<= y0+height; y++) { // loop through rows of rectangle
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 402 drawLine(x0,y,x0+width,y,type); // draw line across screen
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 403 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 404 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 405
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 406 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 407
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 408
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 409 MMA8452:: MMA8452(PinName sdaPin, PinName sclPin)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 410 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 411 i2c = new I2C(sdaPin,sclPin); // create new I2C instance and initialise
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 412 i2c->frequency(400000); // I2C Fast Mode - 400kHz
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 413 leds = new BusOut(LED4,LED3,LED2,LED1); // for debug
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 414 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 415
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 416 void MMA8452::init()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 417 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 418
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 419 i2c->frequency(400000); // set Fast Mode I2C frequency (5.10 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 420
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 421 char data = readByteFromRegister(WHO_AM_I); // p18 datasheet
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 422 if (data != 0x2A) { // if correct ID not found, hand and flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 423 error();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 424 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 425
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 426 // put into STANDBY while configuring
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 427 data = readByteFromRegister(CTRL_REG1); // get current value of register
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 428 data &= ~(1<<0); // clear bit 0 (p37 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 429 sendByteToRegister(data,CTRL_REG1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 430
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 431 // Set output data rate, default is 800 Hz, will set to 100 Hz (clear b5, set b4/b3 - p37 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 432 data = readByteFromRegister(CTRL_REG1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 433 data &= ~(1<<5);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 434 data |= (1<<4);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 435 data |= (1<<3);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 436 sendByteToRegister(data,CTRL_REG1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 437
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 438 //// Can also change default 2g range to 4g or 8g (p22 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 439 data = readByteFromRegister(XYZ_DATA_CFG);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 440 data |= (1<<0); // set bit 0 - 4g range
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 441 sendByteToRegister(data,XYZ_DATA_CFG);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 442
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 443 // set ACTIVE
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 444 data = readByteFromRegister(CTRL_REG1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 445 data |= (1<<0); // set bit 0 in CTRL_REG1
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 446 sendByteToRegister(data,CTRL_REG1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 447
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 448 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 449
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 450 // read acceleration data from device
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 451 Acceleration MMA8452::readValues()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 452 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 453 // acceleration data stored in 6 registers (0x01 to 0x06)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 454 // device automatically increments register, so can read 6 bytes starting from OUT_X_MSB
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 455 char data[6];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 456 readBytesFromRegister(OUT_X_MSB,6,data);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 457
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 458 char x_MSB = data[0]; // extract MSB and LSBs for x,y,z values
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 459 char x_LSB = data[1];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 460 char y_MSB = data[2];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 461 char y_LSB = data[3];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 462 char z_MSB = data[4];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 463 char z_LSB = data[5];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 464
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 465 // [0:7] of MSB are 8 MSB of 12-bit value , [7:4] of LSB are 4 LSB's of 12-bit value
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 466 // need to type-cast as numbers are in signed (2's complement) form (p20 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 467 int x = (int16_t) (x_MSB << 8) | x_LSB; // combine bytes
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 468 x >>= 4; // are left-aligned, so shift 4 places right to right-align
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 469 int y = (int16_t) (y_MSB << 8) | y_LSB;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 470 y >>= 4;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 471 int z = (int16_t) (z_MSB << 8) | z_LSB;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 472 z >>= 4;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 473
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 474 // sensitivity is 1024 counts/g in 2g mode (pg 9 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 475 // " " 512 " 4g "
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 476 // " " 256 " 8g "
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 477 Acceleration acc;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 478
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 479 acc.x = x/512.0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 480 acc.y = y/512.0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 481 acc.z = z/512.0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 482
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 483 return acc;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 484 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 485
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 486 // reads a byte from a specific register
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 487 char MMA8452::readByteFromRegister(char reg)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 488 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 489 int nack = i2c->write(MMA8452_W_ADDRESS,&reg,1,true); // send the register address to the slave
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 490 // true as need to send repeated start condition (5.10.1 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 491 // http://www.i2c-bus.org/repeated-start-condition/
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 492 if (nack)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 493 error(); // if we don't receive acknowledgement, flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 494
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 495 char rx;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 496 nack = i2c->read(MMA8452_R_ADDRESS,&rx,1); // read a byte from the register and store in buffer
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 497 if (nack)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 498 error(); // if we don't receive acknowledgement, flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 499
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 500 return rx;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 501 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 502
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 503 // reads a series of bytes, starting from a specific register
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 504 void MMA8452::readBytesFromRegister(char reg,int numberOfBytes,char bytes[])
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 505 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 506
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 507 int nack = i2c->write(MMA8452_W_ADDRESS,&reg,1,true); // send the slave write address and the configuration register address
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 508 // true as need to send repeated start condition (5.10.1 datasheet)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 509 // http://www.i2c-bus.org/repeated-start-condition/
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 510
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 511 if (nack)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 512 error(); // if we don't receive acknowledgement, flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 513
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 514 nack = i2c->read(MMA8452_R_ADDRESS,bytes,numberOfBytes); // read bytes
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 515 if (nack)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 516 error(); // if we don't receive acknowledgement, flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 517
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 518 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 519
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 520 // sends a byte to a specific register
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 521 void MMA8452::sendByteToRegister(char byte,char reg)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 522 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 523 char data[2];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 524 data[0] = reg;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 525 data[1] = byte;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 526 // send the register address, followed by the data
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 527 int nack = i2c->write(MMA8452_W_ADDRESS,data,2);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 528 if (nack)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 529 error(); // if we don't receive acknowledgement, flash error message
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 530
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 531 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 532
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 533 void MMA8452::error()
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 534 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 535 while(1) {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 536 leds->write(15);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 537 wait(0.1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 538 leds->write(0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 539 wait(0.1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 540 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 541 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 542
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 543
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 544
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 545 N5110 lcd(p7,p8,p9,p10,p11,p13,p26);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 546 MMA8452 mma8452(p28,p27);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 547 Serial serial(USBTX,USBRX);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 548 PwmOut buzzer(p21);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 549 DigitalOut led(p24);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 550 float frequency = 500;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 551
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 552 int main() {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 553 Acceleration acceleration;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 554 mma8452.init();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 555 lcd.init();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 556
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 557 while(1)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 558 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 559 lcd.printString("Accelerometer",1,0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 560 acceleration = mma8452.readValues();//read value of acceleration
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 561 char buffer[14];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 562 int length = sprintf(buffer,"X = %.2f g",acceleration.x); // print formatted data to buffer
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 563 char buffer2[14];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 564 length = sprintf(buffer2,"Y = %.2f g",acceleration.y);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 565 char buffer3[14];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 566 length = sprintf(buffer3,"Z = %.2f g",acceleration.z);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 567 char buffer4[14];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 568 length = sprintf(buffer4,"X=%.0fdegree",acceleration.x*90);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 569 char buffer5[14];
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 570 length = sprintf(buffer5,"Y=%.0fdegree",acceleration.y*90);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 571
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 572 if (length <= 14) // if string will fit on display
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 573 lcd.printString(buffer,3,1);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 574 lcd.printString(buffer2,3,2);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 575 lcd.printString(buffer3,3,3);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 576 lcd.printString(buffer4,3,4);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 577 lcd.printString(buffer5,3,5);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 578
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 579 wait(2.0);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 580 lcd.clear();
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 581 if (acceleration.x>=0.8||acceleration.y>=0.8)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 582 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 583 buzzer.period(1/frequency);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 584 buzzer=0.5;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 585
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 586 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 587 else
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 588 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 589 buzzer.period(1/frequency);
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 590 buzzer=0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 591 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 592 if (acceleration.x<=0.09&&acceleration.x>=-0.09)
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 593 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 594 led = 1;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 595 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 596 else
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 597 {
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 598 led = 0;
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 599 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 600
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 601
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 602
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 603 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 604 }
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 605
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 606
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 607
XuTianli 0:07b87332e97f 608