Rain Ashford
Simple port of Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, using a LilyPad speaker module to produce simple musical notes.For a chart of the frequencies of different notes see: http://www.phy.mtu.edu/~suits/notefreqs.html - the two LEDs on the mbed also flash in time. Here's a little video I made where I used HK c
Embed:
(wiki syntax)
Show/hide line numbers
main.cpp
00001 #include "mbed.h" 00002 00003 //DigitalOut myled(LED1); 00004 00005 //int main() { 00006 // while(1) { 00007 // myled = 1; 00008 // wait(0.2); 00009 // myled = 0; 00010 // wait(0.2); 00011 // } 00012 //} 00013 00014 void setup(); 00015 void loop(); 00016 void flash_eyes(); 00017 int read_accel(); 00018 void beep(DigitalOut speakerPin, int frequency, long duration); 00019 void play(DigitalOut speakerPin, const char *note, long duration); 00020 void play_tune(); 00021 00022 //DigitalOut ledPin = 13; // LED is connected to digital pin 13 00023 DigitalOut speakerPin(p8); // speaker connected to p8 00024 DigitalOut catseye1(LED1); // cat's eye no1 00025 DigitalOut catseye2(LED2); // cat's eye no2 00026 //DigitalOut moveSensor = 3; // analogue input for accelerometer 00027 //DigitalOut buttonPin = 11; // button input 00028 00029 // A note in one octave is twice the frequency of the same note in the octave 00030 // below. We define here the frequencies of the notes in octave 8. To get 00031 // notes in lower octaves, we just divide by two however many times. 00032 00033 #define NOTE_C8 4186 00034 #define NOTE_CSHARP8 4434 00035 #define NOTE_D8 4698 00036 #define NOTE_DSHARP8 4978 00037 #define NOTE_E8 5274 00038 #define NOTE_F8 5587 00039 #define NOTE_FSHARP8 5919 00040 #define NOTE_G8 6271 00041 #define NOTE_GSHARP8 6644 00042 #define NOTE_A8 7040 00043 #define NOTE_ASHARP8 7458 00044 #define NOTE_B8 7902 00045 00046 // This is an array of note frequencies. Index the array essentially by note 00047 // letter multiplied by two (A = 0, B = 2, C = 4, etc.). Add one to index for 00048 // "sharp" note. Where no sharp note exists, the natural note is just 00049 // duplicated to make this indexing work. The play() function below does all 00050 // of this for you :) 00051 00052 int octave_notes[14] = { 00053 NOTE_A8, NOTE_ASHARP8, 00054 NOTE_B8, NOTE_B8, 00055 NOTE_C8, NOTE_CSHARP8, 00056 NOTE_D8, NOTE_DSHARP8, 00057 NOTE_E8, NOTE_E8, 00058 NOTE_F8, NOTE_FSHARP8, 00059 NOTE_G8, NOTE_GSHARP8, 00060 }; 00061 00062 // This variable tracks the current state of the eye LEDs. 00063 int eyes = 0; 00064 00065 // Arduino runs this bit of code first, then repeatedly calls loop() below. So 00066 // all initialisation of variables and setting of initial pin modes (input or 00067 // output) can be done here. 00068 00069 void setup() { 00070 //pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // sets the ledPin to be an output 00071 //pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT); // sets the speakerPin to be an output 00072 //eyes = LOW; // initial state of cats eyes is LOW 00073 //pinMode(catseye1, OUTPUT); // sets the cats eye1 to be an output 00074 //pinMode(catseye2, OUTPUT); // sets the cats eye2 to be an output 00075 //pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT); // sets the cats eye2 to be an output 00076 // Serial.begin(9600); 00077 } 00078 00079 // Arduino will run this over and over again once setup() is done. 00080 00081 void loop() 00082 { 00083 //read_accel(); 00084 play_tune(); // call the play_tune() function 00085 wait(1.0); // delay for 1 second 00086 } 00087 00088 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00089 00090 // A function to toggle the cat's eyes on and off. 00091 void flash_eyes() 00092 { 00093 // Invert the desired state of the cat's eyes: 00094 eyes = !eyes; 00095 // if (eyes == LOW) { 00096 // eyes = HIGH; 00097 // } else { 00098 // eyes = LOW; 00099 // } 00100 00101 catseye1 = eyes; 00102 catseye2 = eyes; 00103 // Write the new value to all the LED pins: 00104 //digitalWrite(ledPin, eyes); 00105 //digitalWrite(catseye1, eyes); 00106 //digitalWrite(catseye2, eyes); 00107 } 00108 00109 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00110 00111 // Read accelerometer 00112 int read_accel() 00113 { 00114 // static int last_accel = 0; 00115 // int in = analogRead(moveSensor); 00116 // int diff = last_accel - in; 00117 // last_accel = in; 00118 // if (diff < -5 || diff > 5) { 00119 // return diff; 00120 // } 00121 return 0; 00122 } 00123 00124 // To produce a tone, this function toggles the speaker output pin at the 00125 // desired frequency (in Hz). It calculates how many times to do this to 00126 // produce a note of the desired length (in milliseconds). 00127 00128 void beep(DigitalOut speakerPin, int frequency, long duration) 00129 { 00130 00131 int i; 00132 long delayAmount = (long)(1000000/frequency); 00133 long loopTime = (long)((duration*1000)/(delayAmount*2)); 00134 00135 //int accel_diff = 0; 00136 // int button_in = digitalRead(buttonPin); 00137 for (i = 0; i < loopTime; i++) { 00138 speakerPin = 1; 00139 wait_us(delayAmount); 00140 speakerPin = 0; 00141 wait_us(delayAmount); 00142 } 00143 } 00144 00145 void play(DigitalOut speakerPin, const char *note, long duration) 00146 { 00147 int octave_number = 4; // default to octave 4 00148 int i = 0; 00149 00150 // Check for valid note letter 00151 if (note[i] >= 'A' && note[i] <= 'G') { 00152 // Calculate index into octave_notes[] 00153 int note_index = (note[i] - 'A') * 2; 00154 i++; 00155 // Check for sharp sign 00156 if (note[i] == '#') { 00157 note_index++; 00158 i++; 00159 } 00160 // Check for an octave number 00161 if (note[i] >= '0' && note[i] <= '8') { 00162 octave_number = note[i] - '0'; 00163 i++; 00164 } 00165 // Fetch the note frequency from the octave_notes[] table 00166 int frequency = octave_notes[note_index]; 00167 00168 // That will be the frequency for the note in octave 8, so we 00169 // need to divide it by two for each octave lower that we 00170 // actually want. 00171 00172 // The '>>' operator is a useful shorthand that (for integers 00173 // >= 0) basically translates to "divide by two this many 00174 // times", so we will use that: 00175 00176 frequency = frequency >> (8 - octave_number); 00177 00178 // Actually play the note! 00179 beep(speakerPin, frequency, duration); 00180 } 00181 } 00182 00183 void play_tune() 00184 { 00185 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 500); // twin- 00186 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 500); // -kle 00187 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // twin- 00188 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // -kle 00189 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "A6", 500); // lit- 00190 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "A6", 500); // -tle 00191 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 1000); // star 00192 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // how 00193 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // i 00194 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // won- 00195 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // -der 00196 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 500); // what 00197 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 500); // you 00198 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 1000); // are 00199 00200 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // up 00201 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // a- 00202 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // -bove 00203 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // the 00204 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // world 00205 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // so 00206 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 1000); // high 00207 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // like 00208 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // a 00209 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // dia- 00210 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // -mond 00211 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // in 00212 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // the 00213 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 1000); // sky 00214 00215 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 500); // twin- 00216 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 500); // -kle 00217 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // twin- 00218 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 500); // -kle 00219 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "A6", 500); // lit- 00220 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "A6", 500); // -tle 00221 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "G6", 1000); // star 00222 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // how 00223 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "F6", 500); // i 00224 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // won- 00225 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "E6", 500); // -der 00226 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 500); // what 00227 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "D6", 500); // you 00228 flash_eyes(); play(speakerPin, "C6", 1000); // are 00229 00230 } 00231 00232 int main(void) 00233 { 00234 //init(); 00235 00236 setup(); 00237 00238 while (1) { 00239 loop(); 00240 } 00241 00242 return 0; 00243 } 00244
Generated on Thu Aug 11 2022 07:45:03 by
1.7.2