This example creates and updates a standard Battery Level service containing a single GATT characteristic. The battery service transmits a device's battery level in percentage, with 100% being a fully charged battery and 0% being a fully drained battery. The canonical source for this example lives at https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbed-os-example-ble/tree/master/BLE_BatteryLevel

This example creates and updates a standard Battery Level service containing a single GATT characteristic.

The battery service transmits a device's battery level in percentage, with 100% being a fully charged battery and 0% being a fully drained battery.

Although the sample application runs on a BLE device, it doesn't show the device's real battery level (because that changes very slowly and will make for a dull example). Instead, it transmits a fake battery level that starts at 50% (half charged). Every half second, it increments the battery level, going in single increments until reaching 100% (as if the battery is charging). It then drops down to 20% to start incrementing again.

Running the application

Requirements

The sample application can be seen on any BLE scanner on a smartphone. If you don't have a scanner on your phone, please install :

- nRF Master Control Panel for Android.

- LightBlue for iPhone.

Hardware requirements are in the main readme.

Building instructions

Building with mbed CLI

If you'd like to use mbed CLI to build this, then you should refer to the main readme. The instructions here relate to using the developer.mbed.org Online Compiler

In order to build this example in the mbed Online Compiler, first import the example using the ‘Import’ button on the right hand side.

Next, select a platform to build for. This must either be a platform that supports BLE, for example the NRF51-DK, or one of the following:

List of platforms supporting Bluetooth Low Energy

Or you must also add a piece of hardware and the supporting library that includes a Bluetooth Low Energy driver for that hardware, for example the K64F or NUCLEO_F401RE with the X-NUCLEO-IDB05A1

List of components supporting Bluetooth Low Energy.

Once you have selected your platform, compile the example and drag and drop the resulting binary onto your board.

For general instructions on using the mbed Online Compiler, please see the mbed Handbook

Checking for success

Note: Screens captures depicted below show what is expected from this example if the scanner used is nRF Master Control Panel version 4.0.5. If you encounter any difficulties consider trying another scanner or another version of nRF Master Control Panel. Alternative scanners may require reference to their manuals.

  • Build the application and install it on your board as explained in the building instructions.
  • Open the BLE scanner on your phone.
  • Start a scan.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/start_scan.png

figure 1 How to start scan using nRF Master Control Panel 4.0.5

  • Find your device; it should be named `BATTERY`.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/scan_result.png

figure 2 Scan results using nRF Master Control Panel 4.0.5

  • Establish a connection with your device.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/connection.png

figure 3 How to establish a connection using Master Control Panel 4.0.5

  • Discover the services and the characteristics on the device. The *Battery service* has the UUID 0x180F and includes the *Battery level* characteristic which has the UUID 0x2A19.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/discovery.png

figure 4 Representation of the Battery service using Master Control Panel 4.0.5

  • Register for the notifications sent by the *Battery level* characteristic.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/register_to_notifications.png

figure 5 How to register to notifications using Master Control Panel 4.0.5

  • You should see the battery level value change every half second. It begins at 50, goes up to 100 (in steps of 1), resets to 20 and so on.

https://developer.mbed.org/teams/mbed-os-examples/code/mbed-os-example-ble-BatteryLevel/raw-file/a5ac4bf2e468/img/notifications.png

figure 6 Notifications view using Master Control Panel 4.0.5

If you can see the characteristic, and if its value is incrementing correctly, the application is working properly.

Committer:
Vincent Coubard
Date:
Tue Jul 26 14:19:17 2016 +0100
Revision:
0:8113e6c77cd7
Child:
2:18b05b3173a8
Update example at tag mbed-os-5.0.1-rc1

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 1 /* mbed Microcontroller Library
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 2 * Copyright (c) 2006-2014 ARM Limited
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 3 *
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 7 *
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 9 *
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 14 * limitations under the License.
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 15 */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 16
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 17 #include <mbed-events/events.h>
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 18 #include <mbed.h>
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 19 #include "ble/BLE.h"
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 20 #include "ble/Gap.h"
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 21 #include "ble/services/BatteryService.h"
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 22
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 23 DigitalOut led1(LED1, 1);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 24
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 25 const static char DEVICE_NAME[] = "BATTERY";
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 26 static const uint16_t uuid16_list[] = {GattService::UUID_BATTERY_SERVICE};
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 27
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 28 static uint8_t batteryLevel = 50;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 29 static BatteryService* batteryServicePtr;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 30
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 31 static EventQueue eventQueue(
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 32 /* event count */ 16 * /* event size */ 32
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 33 );
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 34
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 35 void disconnectionCallback(const Gap::DisconnectionCallbackParams_t *params)
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 36 {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 37 BLE::Instance().gap().startAdvertising();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 38 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 39
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 40 void updateSensorValue() {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 41 batteryLevel++;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 42 if (batteryLevel > 100) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 43 batteryLevel = 20;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 44 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 45
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 46 batteryServicePtr->updateBatteryLevel(batteryLevel);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 47 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 48
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 49 void blinkCallback(void)
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 50 {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 51 led1 = !led1; /* Do blinky on LED1 while we're waiting for BLE events */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 52
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 53 BLE &ble = BLE::Instance();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 54 if (ble.gap().getState().connected) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 55 eventQueue.post(updateSensorValue);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 56 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 57 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 58
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 59 /**
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 60 * This function is called when the ble initialization process has failled
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 61 */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 62 void onBleInitError(BLE &ble, ble_error_t error)
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 63 {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 64 /* Initialization error handling should go here */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 65 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 66
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 67 /**
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 68 * Callback triggered when the ble initialization process has finished
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 69 */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 70 void bleInitComplete(BLE::InitializationCompleteCallbackContext *params)
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 71 {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 72 BLE& ble = params->ble;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 73 ble_error_t error = params->error;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 74
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 75 if (error != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 76 /* In case of error, forward the error handling to onBleInitError */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 77 onBleInitError(ble, error);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 78 return;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 79 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 80
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 81 /* Ensure that it is the default instance of BLE */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 82 if(ble.getInstanceID() != BLE::DEFAULT_INSTANCE) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 83 return;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 84 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 85
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 86 ble.gap().onDisconnection(disconnectionCallback);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 87
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 88 /* Setup primary service */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 89 batteryServicePtr = new BatteryService(ble, batteryLevel);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 90
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 91 /* Setup advertising */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 92 ble.gap().accumulateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::BREDR_NOT_SUPPORTED | GapAdvertisingData::LE_GENERAL_DISCOVERABLE);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 93 ble.gap().accumulateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::COMPLETE_LIST_16BIT_SERVICE_IDS, (uint8_t *) uuid16_list, sizeof(uuid16_list));
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 94 ble.gap().accumulateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::COMPLETE_LOCAL_NAME, (uint8_t *) DEVICE_NAME, sizeof(DEVICE_NAME));
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 95 ble.gap().setAdvertisingType(GapAdvertisingParams::ADV_CONNECTABLE_UNDIRECTED);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 96 ble.gap().setAdvertisingInterval(1000); /* 1000ms */
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 97 ble.gap().startAdvertising();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 98 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 99
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 100 void scheduleBleEventsProcessing(BLE::OnEventsToProcessCallbackContext* context) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 101 BLE &ble = BLE::Instance();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 102 eventQueue.post(Callback<void()>(&ble, &BLE::processEvents));
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 103 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 104
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 105 int main()
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 106 {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 107 eventQueue.post_every(blinkCallback, 500);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 108
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 109 BLE &ble = BLE::Instance();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 110 ble.onEventsToProcess(scheduleBleEventsProcessing);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 111 ble.init(bleInitComplete);
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 112
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 113 while (true) {
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 114 eventQueue.dispatch();
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 115 }
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 116
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 117 return 0;
Vincent Coubard 0:8113e6c77cd7 118 }