Semtech / LoRaWAN-NAMote72-Application-Demo

Demonstration of Class-A LoRaWAN device using NAMote-72

Dependencies:   LoRaWAN-lib mbed lib_mpl3115a2 lib_mma8451q lib_gps SX1272Lib

Dependents:   LoRaWAN-NAMote72-BVS-confirmed-tester-0-7v1_copy

LoRaWAN-NAMote72 Application Demo is a Class-A device example project using LoRaWAN-lib and SX1272Lib libraries.

This project is compliant with LoRaWAN V1.0.1 specification.

Comissioning.h (LoRaWAN Network Configuration)

The end-device can be activated in one of the two ways:

Over the Air (OTA) activation can be enabled as shown in the figure below. /media/uploads/ubhat/ota_enable.png

The end-device must be configured with the following parameters:

  • LORAWAN_DEVICE_EUI (8 Bytes) : Fist 3 Bytes is the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) followed by 5 bytes of unique ID. If not defined by user, then the firmware automatically assigns one to the end-device
  • LORAWAN_APPLICATION_EUI (8 Bytes)
  • LORAWAN_APPLICATION_KEY (or DEVKEY) (16 Bytes)

/media/uploads/ubhat/ota_eui.png

Activation by Personalization (ABP) can be enabled as shown in the figure below. /media/uploads/ubhat/abp_enable.png

The end-device must be configured with the following parameters:

  • LORAWAN_DEVICE_ADDRESS (4 Bytes) : If not defined by user, then the firmware automatically assigns one to the end-device
  • LORAWAN_NWKSKEY (16 Bytes)
  • LORAWAN_APPSKEY (16 Bytes)

/media/uploads/ubhat/abp_key.png

Config.h (LoRaWAN Communication Parameters)

  • Mode of Operation : Hybrid If the end-device needs to be configured to operate over 8-channels, then Hybrid Mode needs to be enabled /media/uploads/ubhat/hybridenable.png
  • Mode of Operation : Frequency Hop If the end-device needs to be configured to operate over 64-channels, then Hybrid Mode needs to be disabled
  • Delay between successive JOIN REQUESTs : The delay between successive Join Requests (until the end-device joins the network) can be configured using the parameter OVER_THE_AIR_ACTIVATION_DUTYCYCLE
  • Inter-Frame Delay : One can change the delay between each frame transmission using APP_TX_DUTYCYCLE It is advisable that APP_TX_DUTYCYCLE is greater than or equal to 3sec.
  • Data Rate : The data rate can be configured as per LoRaWAN specification using the paramter LORAWAN_DEFAULT_DATARATE. The range of values are DR_0, DR_1, DR_2, DR_3 and DR_4
  • Confirmed/Unconfirmed Messages : The uplink message or payload can be chosen to be confirmed or unconfirmed using the parameter LORAWAN_CONFIRMED_MSG_ON. When set to 1, the transmitted messages need to be confirmed with an ACK by the network server in the subsequent RX window. When set to 0, no ACK is requested.
  • ADR ON/OFF : The ADR can be enabled or disabled using the parameter LORAWAN_ADR_ON. When set to 1, ADR is enabled and disabled when set to 0.
  • Application Port : The application port can be set using parameter LORAWAN_APP_PORT.
  • Payload Length : The lenght of the payload (in bytes) to be transmitted can be configured using LORAWAN_APP_DATA_SIZE
  • Transmit Power : The transmit power can be configured using LORAWAN_TX_POWER (LoRaMAC verifies if the set power is compliant with the LoRaWAN spec and FCC guidelines)

/media/uploads/ubhat/loraconfig.png

Main.cpp (Device State Machine)

The end-device state machine is defined.

  • Initial State : Device is initialized.
  • Join State : For OTA, Join Request is transmitted to the network until Join Accept is received by the end-device. Join event function is called that sets Red LED ON.
  • Send State : Transmit payload frame is prepared. Tx event is called that blinks the Red LED indicating uplink transmission.
  • Cycle State : Next packet transmission is scheduled

LoRaEventProc.cpp (Events and On-board Application)

Define events during Join, Tx & Rx. Prepare TX packet by appending with appropriate application data.

/media/uploads/ubhat/lora_events.png

  • PrepareLoRaFrame(uint8_t port ) : Prepare LoRa payload frame with on-board application data such as GPS, Temperature, Battery, etc. LoRa.ApplicationCall(AppType ) calls application AppType defined in LoRaApp.cpp. AppType is defined in LoRaApp.h

/media/uploads/ubhat/lora_app.png

LoRaApp.cpp

User-defined applications such as GPS, Temp, Accelerometer, LED indications etc. Event based actions such as LED blink on Tx, LED toggle on downlink etc /media/uploads/ubhat/apptype.png

LoRaDeviceStateProc.cpp

Process function calls corresponding to different Device states /media/uploads/ubhat/device_state.png

LoRaMacLayerService.cpp

Define MAC Layer Services: MLME & MCPS

Serial Terminal Display

By using a serial port connection using applications such as teraterm or putty, one can view the status of the End-Device. Once the End-Device Joins the network, transmission parameters such as payload data, application port, message type etc. are displayed on the terminal.

/media/uploads/ubhat/serial.png

Default Application Payload

This application defaults to sending uplink data to logical port 5. The application payload consists of: /media/uploads/jknapp_smtc/payload.png

Sample Application Payload Calculation for Longitude/Latitude

Payload => 00 19 F6 352BBA A94C20 FFFF

Temperature Calculation

19H => 2510

Temp = 25/2 = 12.5 oC

Battery Level

FFH => 100 %

F6H => 96.5 %

Longitude Calculation

longitude = A94C20H => 1109507210

longitudinal coordinate = -360 + (longitude10 x 180/(223))

longitudinal coordinate = -121.93

Latitude Calculation

latitude = 352BBAH = 348460210

latitude coordinate = (latitude10 x 90/(223-1))

latitude coordinate = 37.39

system/utilities.cpp@18:18408c3c2d0c, 2017-04-24 (annotated)

Committer:
mluis
Date:
Mon Apr 24 13:47:27 2017 +0000
Revision:
18:18408c3c2d0c
Parent:
0:69f2e28d12c1 
WARNING: Radio API timings changed from micro-seconds to milliseconds; ; Synchronized with https://github.com/Lora-net/LoRaMac-node git revision e506c246652fa44c3f24cecb89d0707b49ece739; Updated all libraries to the latest versions

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 1 /*
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 2 / _____) _ | |
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 3 ( (____ _____ ____ _| |_ _____ ____| |__
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 4 \____ \| ___ | (_ _) ___ |/ ___) _ \
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 5 _____) ) ____| | | || |_| ____( (___| | | |
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 6 (______/|_____)_|_|_| \__)_____)\____)_| |_|
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 7 (C)2013 Semtech
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 8
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 9 Description: Helper functions implementation
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 10
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 11 License: Revised BSD License, see LICENSE.TXT file include in the project
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 12
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 13 Maintainer: Miguel Luis and Gregory Cristian
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 14 */
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 15 #include <stdlib.h>
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 16 #include <stdio.h>
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 17 #include "board.h"
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 18 #include "utilities.h"
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 19
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 20 /*!
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 21 * Redefinition of rand() and srand() standard C functions.
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 22 * These functions are redefined in order to get the same behavior across
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 23 * different compiler toolchains implementations.
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 24 */
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 25 // Standard random functions redefinition start
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 26 #define RAND_LOCAL_MAX 2147483647L
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 27
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 28 static uint32_t next = 1;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 29
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 30 int32_t rand1( void )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 31 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 32 return ( ( next = next * 1103515245L + 12345L ) % RAND_LOCAL_MAX );
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 33 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 34
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 35 void srand1( uint32_t seed )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 36 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 37 next = seed;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 38 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 39 // Standard random functions redefinition end
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 40
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 41 int32_t randr( int32_t min, int32_t max )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 42 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 43 return ( int32_t )rand1( ) % ( max - min + 1 ) + min;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 44 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 45
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 46 void memcpy1( uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *src, uint16_t size )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 47 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 48 while( size-- )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 49 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 50 *dst++ = *src++;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 51 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 52 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 53
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 54 void memcpyr( uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *src, uint16_t size )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 55 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 56 dst = dst + ( size - 1 );
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 57 while( size-- )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 58 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 59 *dst-- = *src++;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 60 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 61 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 62
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 63 void memset1( uint8_t *dst, uint8_t value, uint16_t size )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 64 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 65 while( size-- )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 66 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 67 *dst++ = value;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 68 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 69 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 70
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 71 int8_t Nibble2HexChar( uint8_t a )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 72 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 73 if( a < 10 )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 74 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 75 return '0' + a;
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 76 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 77 else if( a < 16 )
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 78 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 79 return 'A' + ( a - 10 );
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 80 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 81 else
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 82 {
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 83 return '?';
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 84 }
ubhat 0:69f2e28d12c1 85 }