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LoRaWANStack.h
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1 /**
2  * \file LoRaWANStack.h
3  *
4  * \brief LoRaWAN stack layer implementation
5  *
6  * \copyright Revised BSD License, see LICENSE.TXT file include in the project
7  *
8  * \code
9  * ______ _
10  * / _____) _ | |
11  * ( (____ _____ ____ _| |_ _____ ____| |__
12  * \____ \| ___ | (_ _) ___ |/ ___) _ \
13  * _____) ) ____| | | || |_| ____( (___| | | |
14  * (______/|_____)_|_|_| \__)_____)\____)_| |_|
15  * (C)2013 Semtech
16  *
17  * ___ _____ _ ___ _ _____ ___ ___ ___ ___
18  * / __|_ _/_\ / __| |/ / __/ _ \| _ \/ __| __|
19  * \__ \ | |/ _ \ (__| ' <| _| (_) | / (__| _|
20  * |___/ |_/_/ \_\___|_|\_\_| \___/|_|_\\___|___|
21  * embedded.connectivity.solutions===============
22  *
23  * \endcode
24  *
25  * \author Miguel Luis ( Semtech )
26  *
27  * \author Gregory Cristian ( Semtech )
28  *
29  * \author Daniel Jaeckle ( STACKFORCE )
30  *
31  * \defgroup LoRaWAN stack layer that controls MAC layer underneath
32  *
33  * License: Revised BSD License, see LICENSE.TXT file include in the project
34  *
35  * Copyright (c) 2017, Arm Limited and affiliates.
36  *
37  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef LORAWANSTACK_H_
41 #define LORAWANSTACK_H_
42 
43 #include <stdint.h>
44 #include "events/EventQueue.h"
45 #include "platform/mbed_atomic.h"
46 #include "platform/Callback.h"
47 #include "platform/NonCopyable.h"
48 #include "platform/ScopedLock.h"
49 
50 #include "lorastack/mac/LoRaMac.h"
51 #include "system/LoRaWANTimer.h"
53 #include "LoRaRadio.h"
54 
55 class LoRaPHY;
56 
57 /** LoRaWANStack Class
58  * A controller layer for LoRaWAN MAC and PHY
59  */
60 class LoRaWANStack: private mbed::NonCopyable<LoRaWANStack> {
61 
62 public:
63  LoRaWANStack();
64 
65  /** Binds PHY layer and radio driver to stack.
66  *
67  * MAC layer is totally detached from the PHY layer so the stack layer
68  * needs to play the role of an arbitrator.
69  * This API sets the PHY layer object to stack and bind the radio driver
70  * object from the application to the PHY layer.
71  * Also initialises radio callback handles which the radio driver will
72  * use in order to report events.
73  *
74  * @param radio LoRaRadio object, i.e., the radio driver
75  * @param phy LoRaPHY object.
76  *
77  */
78  void bind_phy_and_radio_driver(LoRaRadio &radio, LoRaPHY &phy);
79 
80  /** End device initialization.
81  * @param queue A pointer to an EventQueue passed from the application.
82  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure.
83  */
85 
86  /** Sets all callbacks for the application.
87  *
88  * @param callbacks A pointer to the structure carrying callbacks.
89  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure.
90  */
92 
93  /** Connect OTAA or ABP using Mbed-OS config system
94  *
95  * @return For ABP: If everything goes well, LORAWAN_STATUS_OK is returned for first call followed by
96  * a 'CONNECTED' event. Otherwise a negative error code is returned.
97  * Any subsequent call will return LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED and no event follows.
98  *
99  * For OTAA: When a JoinRequest is sent, LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS is returned for the first call.
100  * Any subsequent call will return either LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY (if the previous request for connection
101  * is still underway) or LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED (if a network was already joined successfully).
102  * A 'CONNECTED' event is sent to the application when the JoinAccept is received.
103  */
105 
106  /** Connect OTAA or ABP with parameters
107  *
108  * @param connect Options for an end device connection to the gateway.
109  *
110  * @return For ABP: If everything goes well, LORAWAN_STATUS_OK is returned for first call followed by
111  * a 'CONNECTED' event. Otherwise a negative error code is returned.
112  * Any subsequent call will return LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED and no event follows.
113  *
114  * For OTAA: When a JoinRequest is sent, LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS is returned for the first call.
115  * Any subsequent call will return either LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY (if the previous request for connection
116  * is still underway) or LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED (if a network was already joined successfully).
117  * A 'CONNECTED' event is sent to the application when the JoinAccept is received.
118  */
120 
121  /** Adds channels to use.
122  *
123  * You can provide a list of channels with appropriate parameters filled
124  * in. However, this list is not absolute. In some regions, a CF
125  * list gets implemented by default, which means that the network can overwrite your channel
126  * frequency settings right after receiving a Join Accept. You may try
127  * to set up any channel or channels after that and if the channel requested
128  * is already active, the request is silently ignored. A negative error
129  * code is returned if there is any problem with parameters.
130  *
131  * You need to ensure that the base station nearby supports the channel or channels being added.
132  *
133  * If your list includes a default channel (a channel where Join Requests
134  * are received) you cannot fully configure the channel parameters.
135  * Either leave the channel settings to default or check your
136  * corresponding PHY layer implementation. For example, LoRaPHYE868.
137  *
138  * @param channel_plan A list of channels or a single channel.
139  *
140  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error
141  * code on failure.
142  */
144 
145  /** Removes a channel from the list.
146  *
147  * @param channel_id Index of the channel being removed
148  *
149  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error
150  * code on failure.
151  */
152  lorawan_status_t remove_a_channel(uint8_t channel_id);
153 
154  /** Removes a previously set channel plan.
155  *
156  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error
157  * code on failure.
158  */
160 
161  /** Gets a list of currently enabled channels .
162  *
163  * @param channel_plan The channel plan structure to store final result.
164  *
165  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error
166  * code on failure.
167  */
169 
170  /** Sets up a retry counter for confirmed messages.
171  *
172  * Valid only for confirmed messages. This API sets the number of times the
173  * stack will retry a CONFIRMED message before giving up and reporting an
174  * error.
175  *
176  * @param count The number of retries for confirmed messages.
177  *
178  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK or a negative error code.
179  */
181 
182  /** Sets up the data rate.
183  *
184  * `set_datarate()` first verifies whether the data rate given is valid or not.
185  * If it is valid, the system sets the given data rate to the channel.
186  *
187  * @param data_rate The intended data rate, for example DR_0 or DR_1.
188  * Note that the macro DR_* can mean different
189  * things in different regions.
190  *
191  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if everything goes well, otherwise
192  * a negative error code.
193  */
194  lorawan_status_t set_channel_data_rate(uint8_t data_rate);
195 
196  /** Enables ADR.
197  *
198  * @param adr_enabled 0 ADR disabled, 1 ADR enabled.
199  *
200  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error
201  * code on failure.
202  */
203  lorawan_status_t enable_adaptive_datarate(bool adr_enabled);
204 
205  /** Send message to gateway
206  *
207  * @param port The application port number. Port numbers 0 and 224
208  * are reserved, whereas port numbers from 1 to 223
209  * (0x01 to 0xDF) are valid port numbers.
210  * Anything out of this range is illegal.
211  *
212  * @param data A pointer to the data being sent. The ownership of the
213  * buffer is not transferred. The data is copied to the
214  * internal buffers.
215  *
216  * @param length The size of data in bytes.
217  *
218  * @param flags A flag used to determine what type of
219  * message is being sent, for example:
220  *
221  * MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x01
222  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x02
223  * MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG = 0x04
224  * MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG = 0x08
225  * MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG and MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG can be
226  * used in conjunction with MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG and
227  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG depending on the intended use.
228  *
229  * MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG|MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG mask will set
230  * a confirmed message flag for a proprietary message.
231  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG and MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG are
232  * mutually exclusive.
233  *
234  * @param null_allowed Internal use only. Needed for sending empty packet
235  * having CONFIRMED bit on.
236  *
237  * @param allow_port_0 Internal use only. Needed for flushing MAC commands.
238  *
239  * @return The number of bytes sent, or
240  * LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if another TX is
241  * ongoing, or a negative error code on failure.
242  */
243  int16_t handle_tx(uint8_t port, const uint8_t *data,
244  uint16_t length, uint8_t flags,
245  bool null_allowed = false, bool allow_port_0 = false);
246 
247  /** Receives a message from the Network Server.
248  *
249  * @param data A pointer to buffer where the received data will be
250  * stored.
251  *
252  * @param length The size of data in bytes
253  *
254  * @param port The application port number. Port numbers 0 and 224
255  * are reserved, whereas port numbers from 1 to 223
256  * (0x01 to 0xDF) are valid port numbers.
257  * Anything out of this range is illegal.
258  *
259  * In return will contain the number of port to which
260  * message was received.
261  *
262  * @param flags A flag is used to determine what type of
263  * message is being received, for example:
264  *
265  * MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x01,
266  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x02
267  * MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG = 0x04,
268  * MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG = 0x08
269  *
270  * MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG and MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG can be
271  * used in conjunction with MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG and
272  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG depending on the intended use.
273  *
274  * MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG|MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG mask will set
275  * a confirmed message flag for a proprietary message.
276  *
277  * MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG and MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG are
278  * not mutually exclusive, i.e., the user can subscribe to
279  * receive both CONFIRMED AND UNCONFIRMED messages at
280  * the same time.
281  *
282  * In return will contain the flags to determine what kind
283  * of message was received.
284  *
285  * @param validate_params If set to true, the given port and flags values will be checked
286  * against the values received with the message. If values do not
287  * match, LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK will be returned.
288  *
289  * @return It could be one of these:
290  * i) 0 if there is nothing else to read.
291  * ii) Number of bytes written to user buffer.
292  * iii) LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if there is
293  * nothing available to read at the moment.
294  * iv) A negative error code on failure.
295  */
296  int16_t handle_rx(uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, uint8_t &port, int &flags, bool validate_params);
297 
298  /** Send Link Check Request MAC command.
299  *
300  *
301  * This API schedules a Link Check Request command (LinkCheckReq) for the network
302  * server and once the response, i.e., LinkCheckAns MAC command is received
303  * from the Network Server, an event is generated.
304  *
305  * A callback function for the link check response must be set prior to using
306  * this API, otherwise a LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID error is thrown.
307  *
308  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on successfully queuing a request, or
309  * a negative error code on failure.
310  *
311  */
313 
314  /** Removes link check request sticky MAC command.
315  *
316  * Any already queued request may still get entertained. However, no new
317  * requests will be made.
318  */
320 
321  /** Shuts down the LoRaWAN protocol.
322  *
323  * In response to the user call for disconnection, the stack shuts down itself.
324  *
325  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_DEVICE_OFF on successfully shutdown.
326  */
328 
329  /** Change device class
330  *
331  * Change current device class.
332  *
333  * @param device_class The device class
334  *
335  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success,
336  * LORAWAN_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED is requested class is not supported,
337  * or other negative error code if request failed.
338  */
339  lorawan_status_t set_device_class(const device_class_t &device_class);
340 
341  /** Acquire TX meta-data
342  *
343  * Upon successful transmission, TX meta-data will be made available
344  *
345  * @param metadata A reference to the inbound structure which will be
346  * filled with any TX meta-data if available.
347  *
348  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if successful,
349  * LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE otherwise
350  */
352 
353  /** Acquire RX meta-data
354  *
355  * Upon successful reception, RX meta-data will be made available
356  *
357  * @param metadata A reference to the inbound structure which will be
358  * filled with any RX meta-data if available.
359  *
360  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if successful,
361  * LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE otherwise
362  */
364 
365  /** Acquire backoff meta-data
366  *
367  * Get hold of backoff time after which the transmission will take place.
368  *
369  * @param backoff A reference to the inbound integer which will be
370  * filled with any backoff meta-data if available.
371  *
372  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if successful,
373  * LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE otherwise
374  */
376 
377  /** Stops sending
378  *
379  * Stop sending any outstanding messages if they are not yet queued for
380  * transmission, i.e., if the backoff timer is nhot elapsed yet.
381  *
382  * @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if the transmission is cancelled.
383  * LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY otherwise.
384  */
386 
387  void lock(void)
388  {
389  _loramac.lock();
390  }
391  void unlock(void)
392  {
393  _loramac.unlock();
394  }
395 
396 private:
398  /**
399  * Checks if the user provided port is valid or not
400  */
401  bool is_port_valid(uint8_t port, bool allow_port_0 = false);
402 
403  /**
404  * State machine for stack controller layer.
405  */
406  lorawan_status_t state_controller(device_states_t new_state);
407 
408  /**
409  * Helpers for state controller
410  */
411  void process_uninitialized_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
412  void process_idle_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
413  void process_connected_state();
414  void process_connecting_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
415  void process_joining_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
416  void process_scheduling_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
417  void process_status_check_state();
418  void process_shutdown_state(lorawan_status_t &op_status);
419  void state_machine_run_to_completion(void);
420 
421  /**
422  * Handles MLME indications
423  */
424  void mlme_indication_handler(void);
425 
426  /**
427  * Handles an MLME confirmation
428  */
429  void mlme_confirm_handler(void);
430 
431  /**
432  * Handles an MCPS confirmation
433  */
434  void mcps_confirm_handler(void);
435 
436  /**
437  * Handles an MCPS indication
438  */
439  void mcps_indication_handler(void);
440 
441  /**
442  * Sets up user application port
443  */
444  lorawan_status_t set_application_port(uint8_t port, bool allow_port_0 = false);
445 
446  /**
447  * Handles connection internally
448  */
449  lorawan_status_t handle_connect(bool is_otaa);
450 
451 
452  /** Send event to application.
453  *
454  * @param event The event to be sent.
455  */
456  void send_event_to_application(const lorawan_event_t event) const;
457 
458  /** Send empty uplink message to network.
459  *
460  * Sends an empty confirmed message to gateway.
461  *
462  * @param port The event to be sent.
463  */
464  void send_automatic_uplink_message(uint8_t port);
465 
466  /**
467  * TX interrupt handlers and corresponding processors
468  */
469  void tx_interrupt_handler(void);
470  void tx_timeout_interrupt_handler(void);
471  void process_transmission(void);
472  void process_transmission_timeout(void);
473 
474  /**
475  * RX interrupt handlers and corresponding processors
476  */
477  void rx_interrupt_handler(const uint8_t *payload, uint16_t size, int16_t rssi,
478  int8_t snr);
479  void rx_timeout_interrupt_handler(void);
480  void rx_error_interrupt_handler(void);
481  void process_reception(const uint8_t *payload, uint16_t size, int16_t rssi,
482  int8_t snr);
483  void process_reception_timeout(bool is_timeout);
484 
485  int convert_to_msg_flag(const mcps_type_t type);
486 
487  void make_tx_metadata_available(void);
488  void make_rx_metadata_available(void);
489 
490  void handle_scheduling_failure(void);
491 
492  void post_process_tx_with_reception(void);
493  void post_process_tx_no_reception(void);
494 
495 private:
496  LoRaMac _loramac;
498  device_states_t _device_current_state;
499  lorawan_app_callbacks_t _callbacks;
500  lorawan_session_t _lw_session;
501  loramac_tx_message_t _tx_msg;
502  loramac_rx_message_t _rx_msg;
503  lorawan_tx_metadata _tx_metadata;
504  lorawan_rx_metadata _rx_metadata;
505  uint8_t _num_retry;
506  uint8_t _qos_cnt;
507  uint32_t _ctrl_flags;
508  uint8_t _app_port;
509  bool _link_check_requested;
510  bool _automatic_uplink_ongoing;
511  core_util_atomic_flag _rx_payload_in_use;
512  uint8_t _rx_payload[LORAMAC_PHY_MAXPAYLOAD];
513  events::EventQueue *_queue;
514  lorawan_time_t _tx_timestamp;
515 };
516 
517 #endif /* LORAWANSTACK_H_ */
lorawan_status_t stop_sending(void)
Stops sending.
Meta-data collection for the received packet.
LoRaWANStack Class A controller layer for LoRaWAN MAC and PHY.
Definition: LoRaWANStack.h:60
enum lora_events lorawan_event_t
Events needed to announce stack operation results.
int16_t handle_tx(uint8_t port, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, uint8_t flags, bool null_allowed=false, bool allow_port_0=false)
Send message to gateway.
lorawan_status_t acquire_rx_metadata(lorawan_rx_metadata &metadata)
Acquire RX meta-data.
lorawan_status_t set_channel_data_rate(uint8_t data_rate)
Sets up the data rate.
Meta-data collection for a transmission.
void remove_link_check_request()
Removes link check request sticky MAC command.
RAII-style mechanism for owning a lock of Lockable object for the duration of a scoped block...
Definition: ScopedLock.h:63
lorawan_status_t remove_a_channel(uint8_t channel_id)
Removes a channel from the list.
LoRaMac Class Implementation of LoRaWAN MAC layer.
Definition: LoRaMac.h:62
EventQueue.
Definition: EventQueue.h:60
loramac_rx_message_t
lorawan_status_t enable_adaptive_datarate(bool adr_enabled)
Enables ADR.
device_class_t
LoRaWAN device classes definition.
Definition: lorawan_types.h:59
Stack level TX message structure.
LoRa MAC layer implementation.
A lock-free, primitive atomic flag.
Definition: mbed_atomic.h:115
Prevents generation of copy constructor and copy assignment operator in derived classes.
Definition: NonCopyable.h:169
uint32_t lorawan_time_t
Timer time variable definition.
lorawan_status_t add_channels(const lorawan_channelplan_t &channel_plan)
Adds channels to use.
lorawan_status_t acquire_tx_metadata(lorawan_tx_metadata &metadata)
Acquire TX meta-data.
LoRaPHY Class Parent class for LoRa regional PHY implementations.
Definition: LoRaPHY.h:46
lorawan_status_t shutdown()
Shuts down the LoRaWAN protocol.
#define LORAMAC_PHY_MAXPAYLOAD
Maximum PHY layer payload size for reception.
enum device_states device_states_t
End-device states.
lorawan_status_t get_enabled_channels(lorawan_channelplan_t &channel_plan)
Gets a list of currently enabled channels .
Stack level callback functions.
enum lorawan_status lorawan_status_t
lorawan_status_t contains status codes in response to stack operations
lorawan_connect_t structure
lorawan_status_t set_lora_callbacks(const lorawan_app_callbacks_t *callbacks)
Sets all callbacks for the application.
int16_t handle_rx(uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, uint8_t &port, int &flags, bool validate_params)
Receives a message from the Network Server.
Reporting functions for upper layers.
Definition: LoRaRadio.h:389
void lock(void)
These locks trample through to the upper layers and make the stack thread safe.
Definition: LoRaMac.h:436
DO NOT MODIFY, WILL BREAK THE API!
lorawan_status_t connect()
Connect OTAA or ABP using Mbed-OS config system.
void bind_phy_and_radio_driver(LoRaRadio &radio, LoRaPHY &phy)
Binds PHY layer and radio driver to stack.
lorawan_status_t set_confirmed_msg_retry(uint8_t count)
Sets up a retry counter for confirmed messages.
mcps_type_t
LoRaMAC data services.
Contains common data structures used by Mbed-OS LoRaWAN mplementation.
lorawan_status_t set_link_check_request()
Send Link Check Request MAC command.
lorawan_status_t initialize_mac_layer(events::EventQueue *queue)
End device initialization.
lorawan_status_t drop_channel_list()
Removes a previously set channel plan.
Interface for the radios, containing the main functions that a radio needs, and five callback functio...
Definition: LoRaRadio.h:440
lorawan_status_t set_device_class(const device_class_t &device_class)
Change device class.
lorawan_status_t acquire_backoff_metadata(int &backoff)
Acquire backoff meta-data.
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