An I/O controller for virtual pinball machines: accelerometer nudge sensing, analog plunger input, button input encoding, LedWiz compatible output controls, and more.

Dependencies:   mbed FastIO FastPWM USBDevice

Fork of Pinscape_Controller by Mike R

/media/uploads/mjr/pinscape_no_background_small_L7Miwr6.jpg

This is Version 2 of the Pinscape Controller, an I/O controller for virtual pinball machines. (You can find the old version 1 software here.) Pinscape is software for the KL25Z that turns the board into a full-featured I/O controller for virtual pinball, with support for accelerometer-based nudging, a mechanical plunger, button inputs, and feedback device control.

In case you haven't heard of the idea before, a "virtual pinball machine" is basically a video pinball simulator that's built into a real pinball machine body. A TV monitor goes in place of the pinball playfield, and a second TV goes in the backbox to show the backglass artwork. Some cabs also include a third monitor to simulate the DMD (Dot Matrix Display) used for scoring on 1990s machines, or even an original plasma DMD. A computer (usually a Windows PC) is hidden inside the cabinet, running pinball emulation software that displays a life-sized playfield on the main TV. The cabinet has all of the usual buttons, too, so it not only looks like the real thing, but plays like it too. That's a picture of my own machine to the right. On the outside, it's built exactly like a real arcade pinball machine, with the same overall dimensions and all of the standard pinball cabinet trim hardware.

It's possible to buy a pre-built virtual pinball machine, but it also makes a great DIY project. If you have some basic wood-working skills and know your way around PCs, you can build one from scratch. The computer part is just an ordinary Windows PC, and all of the pinball emulation can be built out of free, open-source software. In that spirit, the Pinscape Controller is an open-source software/hardware project that offers a no-compromises, all-in-one control center for all of the unique input/output needs of a virtual pinball cabinet. If you've been thinking about building one of these, but you're not sure how to connect a plunger, flipper buttons, lights, nudge sensor, and whatever else you can think of, this project might be just what you're looking for.

You can find much more information about DIY Pin Cab building in general in the Virtual Cabinet Forum on vpforums.org. Also visit my Pinscape Resources page for more about this project and other virtual pinball projects I'm working on.

Downloads

  • Pinscape Release Builds: This page has download links for all of the Pinscape software. To get started, install and run the Pinscape Config Tool on your Windows computer. It will lead you through the steps for installing the Pinscape firmware on the KL25Z.
  • Config Tool Source Code. The complete C# source code for the config tool. You don't need this to run the tool, but it's available if you want to customize anything or see how it works inside.

Documentation

The new Version 2 Build Guide is now complete! This new version aims to be a complete guide to building a virtual pinball machine, including not only the Pinscape elements but all of the basics, from sourcing parts to building all of the hardware.

You can also refer to the original Hardware Build Guide (PDF), but that's out of date now, since it refers to the old version 1 software, which was rather different (especially when it comes to configuration).

System Requirements

The new Config Tool requires a fairly up-to-date Microsoft .NET installation. If you use Windows Update to keep your system current, you should be fine. A modern version of Internet Explorer (IE) is required, even if you don't use it as your main browser, because the Config Tool uses some system components that Microsoft packages into the IE install set. I test with IE11, so that's known to work. IE8 doesn't work. IE9 and 10 are unknown at this point.

The Windows requirements are only for the config tool. The firmware doesn't care about anything on the Windows side, so if you can make do without the config tool, you can use almost any Windows setup.

Main Features

Plunger: The Pinscape Controller started out as a "mechanical plunger" controller: a device for attaching a real pinball plunger to the video game software so that you could launch the ball the natural way. This is still, of course, a central feature of the project. The software supports several types of sensors: a high-resolution optical sensor (which works by essentially taking pictures of the plunger as it moves); a slide potentiometer (which determines the position via the changing electrical resistance in the pot); a quadrature sensor (which counts bars printed on a special guide rail that it moves along); and an IR distance sensor (which determines the position by sending pulses of light at the plunger and measuring the round-trip travel time). The Build Guide explains how to set up each type of sensor.

Nudging: The KL25Z (the little microcontroller that the software runs on) has a built-in accelerometer. The Pinscape software uses it to sense when you nudge the cabinet, and feeds the acceleration data to the pinball software on the PC. This turns physical nudges into virtual English on the ball. The accelerometer is quite sensitive and accurate, so we can measure the difference between little bumps and hard shoves, and everything in between. The result is natural and immersive.

Buttons: You can wire real pinball buttons to the KL25Z, and the software will translate the buttons into PC input. You have the option to map each button to a keyboard key or joystick button. You can wire up your flipper buttons, Magna Save buttons, Start button, coin slots, operator buttons, and whatever else you need.

Feedback devices: You can also attach "feedback devices" to the KL25Z. Feedback devices are things that create tactile, sound, and lighting effects in sync with the game action. The most popular PC pinball emulators know how to address a wide variety of these devices, and know how to match them to on-screen action in each virtual table. You just need an I/O controller that translates commands from the PC into electrical signals that turn the devices on and off. The Pinscape Controller can do that for you.

Expansion Boards

There are two main ways to run the Pinscape Controller: standalone, or using the "expansion boards".

In the basic standalone setup, you just need the KL25Z, plus whatever buttons, sensors, and feedback devices you want to attach to it. This mode lets you take advantage of everything the software can do, but for some features, you'll have to build some ad hoc external circuitry to interface external devices with the KL25Z. The Build Guide has detailed plans for exactly what you need to build.

The other option is the Pinscape Expansion Boards. The expansion boards are a companion project, which is also totally free and open-source, that provides Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layouts that are designed specifically to work with the Pinscape software. The PCB designs are in the widely used EAGLE format, which many PCB manufacturers can turn directly into physical boards for you. The expansion boards organize all of the external connections more neatly than on the standalone KL25Z, and they add all of the interface circuitry needed for all of the advanced software functions. The big thing they bring to the table is lots of high-power outputs. The boards provide a modular system that lets you add boards to add more outputs. If you opt for the basic core setup, you'll have enough outputs for all of the toys in a really well-equipped cabinet. If your ambitions go beyond merely well-equipped and run to the ridiculously extravagant, just add an extra board or two. The modular design also means that you can add to the system over time.

Expansion Board project page

Update notes

If you have a Pinscape V1 setup already installed, you should be able to switch to the new version pretty seamlessly. There are just a couple of things to be aware of.

First, the "configuration" procedure is completely different in the new version. Way better and way easier, but it's not what you're used to from V1. In V1, you had to edit the project source code and compile your own custom version of the program. No more! With V2, you simply install the standard, pre-compiled .bin file, and select options using the Pinscape Config Tool on Windows.

Second, if you're using the TSL1410R optical sensor for your plunger, there's a chance you'll need to boost your light source's brightness a little bit. The "shutter speed" is faster in this version, which means that it doesn't spend as much time collecting light per frame as before. The software actually does "auto exposure" adaptation on every frame, so the increased shutter speed really shouldn't bother it, but it does require a certain minimum level of contrast, which requires a certain minimal level of lighting. Check the plunger viewer in the setup tool if you have any problems; if the image looks totally dark, try increasing the light level to see if that helps.

New Features

V2 has numerous new features. Here are some of the highlights...

Dynamic configuration: as explained above, configuration is now handled through the Config Tool on Windows. It's no longer necessary to edit the source code or compile your own modified binary.

Improved plunger sensing: the software now reads the TSL1410R optical sensor about 15x faster than it did before. This allows reading the sensor at full resolution (400dpi), about 400 times per second. The faster frame rate makes a big difference in how accurately we can read the plunger position during the fast motion of a release, which allows for more precise position sensing and faster response. The differences aren't dramatic, since the sensing was already pretty good even with the slower V1 scan rate, but you might notice a little better precision in tricky skill shots.

Keyboard keys: button inputs can now be mapped to keyboard keys. The joystick button option is still available as well, of course. Keyboard keys have the advantage of being closer to universal for PC pinball software: some pinball software can be set up to take joystick input, but nearly all PC pinball emulators can take keyboard input, and nearly all of them use the same key mappings.

Local shift button: one physical button can be designed as the local shift button. This works like a Shift button on a keyboard, but with cabinet buttons. It allows each physical button on the cabinet to have two PC keys assigned, one normal and one shifted. Hold down the local shift button, then press another key, and the other key's shifted key mapping is sent to the PC. The shift button can have a regular key mapping of its own as well, so it can do double duty. The shift feature lets you access more functions without cluttering your cabinet with extra buttons. It's especially nice for less frequently used functions like adjusting the volume or activating night mode.

Night mode: the output controller has a new "night mode" option, which lets you turn off all of your noisy devices with a single button, switch, or PC command. You can designate individual ports as noisy or not. Night mode only disables the noisemakers, so you still get the benefit of your flashers, button lights, and other quiet devices. This lets you play late into the night without disturbing your housemates or neighbors.

Gamma correction: you can designate individual output ports for gamma correction. This adjusts the intensity level of an output to make it match the way the human eye perceives brightness, so that fades and color mixes look more natural in lighting devices. You can apply this to individual ports, so that it only affects ports that actually have lights of some kind attached.

IR Remote Control: the controller software can transmit and/or receive IR remote control commands if you attach appropriate parts (an IR LED to send, an IR sensor chip to receive). This can be used to turn on your TV(s) when the system powers on, if they don't turn on automatically, and for any other functions you can think of requiring IR send/receive capabilities. You can assign IR commands to cabinet buttons, so that pressing a button on your cabinet sends a remote control command from the attached IR LED, and you can have the controller generate virtual key presses on your PC in response to received IR commands. If you have the IR sensor attached, the system can use it to learn commands from your existing remotes.

Yet more USB fixes: I've been gradually finding and fixing USB bugs in the mbed library for months now. This version has all of the fixes of the last couple of releases, of course, plus some new ones. It also has a new "last resort" feature, since there always seems to be "just one more" USB bug. The last resort is that you can tell the device to automatically reboot itself if it loses the USB connection and can't restore it within a given time limit.

More Downloads

  • Custom VP builds: I created modified versions of Visual Pinball 9.9 and Physmod5 that you might want to use in combination with this controller. The modified versions have special handling for plunger calibration specific to the Pinscape Controller, as well as some enhancements to the nudge physics. If you're not using the plunger, you might still want it for the nudge improvements. The modified version also works with any other input controller, so you can get the enhanced nudging effects even if you're using a different plunger/nudge kit. The big change in the modified versions is a "filter" for accelerometer input that's designed to make the response to cabinet nudges more realistic. It also makes the response more subdued than in the standard VP, so it's not to everyone's taste. The downloads include both the updated executables and the source code changes, in case you want to merge the changes into your own custom version(s).

    Note! These features are now standard in the official VP releases, so you don't need my custom builds if you're using 9.9.1 or later and/or VP 10. I don't think there's any reason to use my versions instead of the latest official ones, and in fact I'd encourage you to use the official releases since they're more up to date, but I'm leaving my builds available just in case. In the official versions, look for the checkbox "Enable Nudge Filter" in the Keys preferences dialog. My custom versions don't include that checkbox; they just enable the filter unconditionally.
  • Output circuit shopping list: This is a saved shopping cart at mouser.com with the parts needed to build one copy of the high-power output circuit for the LedWiz emulator feature, for use with the standalone KL25Z (that is, without the expansion boards). The quantities in the cart are for one output channel, so if you want N outputs, simply multiply the quantities by the N, with one exception: you only need one ULN2803 transistor array chip for each eight output circuits. If you're using the expansion boards, you won't need any of this, since the boards provide their own high-power outputs.
  • Cary Owens' optical sensor housing: A 3D-printable design for a housing/mounting bracket for the optical plunger sensor, designed by Cary Owens. This makes it easy to mount the sensor.
  • Lemming77's potentiometer mounting bracket and shooter rod connecter: Sketchup designs for 3D-printable parts for mounting a slide potentiometer as the plunger sensor. These were designed for a particular slide potentiometer that used to be available from an Aliexpress.com seller but is no longer listed. You can probably use this design as a starting point for other similar devices; just check the dimensions before committing the design to plastic.

Copyright and License

The Pinscape firmware is copyright 2014, 2021 by Michael J Roberts. It's released under an MIT open-source license. See License.

Warning to VirtuaPin Kit Owners

This software isn't designed as a replacement for the VirtuaPin plunger kit's firmware. If you bought the VirtuaPin kit, I recommend that you don't install this software. The KL25Z can only run one firmware program at a time, so if you install the Pinscape firmware on your KL25Z, it will replace and erase your existing VirtuaPin proprietary firmware. If you do this, the only way to restore your VirtuaPin firmware is to physically ship the KL25Z back to VirtuaPin and ask them to re-flash it. They don't allow you to do this at home, and they don't even allow you to back up your firmware, since they want to protect their proprietary software from copying. For all of these reasons, if you want to run the Pinscape software, I strongly recommend that you buy a "blank" retail KL25Z to use with Pinscape. They only cost about $15 and are available at several online retailers, including Amazon, Mouser, and eBay. The blank retail boards don't come with any proprietary firmware pre-installed, so installing Pinscape won't delete anything that you paid extra for.

With those warnings in mind, if you're absolutely sure that you don't mind permanently erasing your VirtuaPin firmware, it is at least possible to use Pinscape as a replacement for the VirtuaPin firmware. Pinscape uses the same button wiring conventions as the VirtuaPin setup, so you can keep your buttons (although you'll have to update the GPIO pin mappings in the Config Tool to match your physical wiring). As of the June, 2021 firmware, the Vishay VCNL4010 plunger sensor that comes with the VirtuaPin v3 plunger kit is supported, so you can also keep your plunger, if you have that chip. (You should check to be sure that's the sensor chip you have before committing to this route, if keeping the plunger sensor is important to you. The older VirtuaPin plunger kits came with different IR sensors that the Pinscape software doesn't handle.)

Revision:
33:d832bcab089e
Parent:
32:cbff13b98441
Child:
34:6b981a2afab7
diff -r cbff13b98441 -r d832bcab089e config.h
--- a/config.h	Sat Sep 26 02:15:59 2015 +0000
+++ b/config.h	Wed Oct 21 21:53:07 2015 +0000
@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@
 #ifndef CONFIG_H
 #define CONFIG_H
 
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Expansion Board.  If you're using the expansion board, un-comment the
+// line below.  This will select all of the correct defaults for the board.
+//
+// The expansion board settings are mostly automatic, so you shouldn't have
+// to change much else.  However, you should still look at and adjust the
+// following as needed:
+//    - TV power on delay time
+//    - Plunger sensor settings, if you're using a plunger
+//
+//#define EXPANSION_BOARD
+
+
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Enable/disable joystick functions.
@@ -34,55 +48,83 @@
 #define ENABLE_JOYSTICK
 
 
-// Accelerometer orientation.  The accelerometer feature lets Visual Pinball 
-// (and other pinball software) sense nudges to the cabinet, and simulate 
-// the effect on the ball's trajectory during play.  We report the direction
-// of the accelerometer readings as well as the strength, so it's important
-// for VP and the KL25Z to agree on the physical orientation of the
-// accelerometer relative to the cabinet.  The accelerometer on the KL25Z
-// is always mounted the same way on the board, but we still have to know
-// which way you mount the board in your cabinet.  We assume as default
-// orientation where the KL25Z is mounted flat on the bottom of your
-// cabinet with the USB ports pointing forward, toward the coin door.  If
-// it's more convenient for you to mount the board in a different direction,
-// you simply need to select the matching direction here.  Comment out the
-// ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_FRONT line and un-comment the line that matches
-// your board's orientation.
-
-#define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_FRONT      // USB ports pointing toward front of cabinet
-// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_LEFT    // USB ports pointing toward left side of cab
-// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_RIGHT   // USB ports pointing toward right side of cab
-// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_REAR    // USB ports pointing toward back of cabinet
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// USB device vendor ID and product ID.  These values identify the device 
+// to the host software on the PC.  By default, we use the same settings as
+// a real LedWiz so that host software will recognize us as an LedWiz.
+//
+// The standard settings *should* work without conflicts, even if you have 
+// a real LedWiz.  My reference system is 64-bit Windows 7 with a real LedWiz 
+// on unit #1 and a Pinscape controller on unit #8 (the default), and the 
+// two coexist happily in my system.  The LedWiz is designed specifically 
+// to allow multiple units in one system, using the unit number value 
+// (see below) to distinguish multiple units, so there should be no conflict
+// between Pinscape and any real LedWiz devices you have.
+//
+// However, even though conflicts *shouldn't* happen, I've had one report
+// from a user who experienced a Windows USB driver conflict that they could
+// only resolve by changing the vendor ID.  The real underlying cause is 
+// still a mystery, but whatever was going on, changing the vendor ID fixed 
+// it.  If you run into a similar problem, you can try the same fix as a
+// last resort.  Before doing that, though, you should try changing the 
+// Pinscape unit number first - it's possible that your real LedWiz is using 
+// unit #8, which is our default setting.
+//
+// If you must change the vendor ID for any reason, you'll sacrifice LedWiz
+// compatibility, which means that old programs like Future Pinball that use
+// the LedWiz interface directly won't be able to access the LedWiz output
+// controller features.  However, all is not lost.  All of the other functions
+// (plunger, nudge, and key input) use the joystick interface, which will 
+// work regardless of the ID values.  In addition, DOF R3 recognizes the
+// "emergency fallback" ID below, so if you use that, *all* functions
+// including the output controller will work in any DOF R3-enabled software,
+// including Visual Pinball and PinballX.  So the only loss will be that
+// old LedWiz-only software won't be able to control the outputs.
+//
+// The "emergency fallback" ID below is officially registerd with 
+// http://pid.codes, a registry for open-source USB projects, which should 
+// all but guarantee that this alternative ID shouldn't conflict with 
+// any other devices in your system.
 
 
-// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// 
-// LedWiz default unit number.
+// STANDARD ID SETTINGS.  These provide full, transparent LedWiz compatibility.
+const uint16_t USB_VENDOR_ID = 0xFAFA;      // LedWiz vendor ID = FAFA
+const uint16_t USB_PRODUCT_ID = 0x00F0;     // LedWiz start of product ID range = 00F0
+
+
+// EMERGENCY FALLBACK ID SETTINGS.  These settings are not LedWiz-compatible,
+// so older LedWiz-only software won't be able to access the output controller
+// features.  However, DOF R3 recognizes these IDs, so DOF-aware software (Visual 
+// Pinball, PinballX) will have full access to all features.
+//
+//const uint16_t USB_VENDOR_ID = 0x1209;   // DOF R3-compatible vendor ID = 1209
+//const uint16_t USB_PRODUCT_ID = 0xEAEA;  // DOF R3-compatible product ID = EAEA
+
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// LedWiz unit number.
 //
 // Each LedWiz device has a unit number, from 1 to 16.  This lets you install
 // more than one LedWiz in your system: as long as each one has a different
 // unit number, the software on the PC can tell them apart and route commands 
 // to the right device.
 //
-// A *real* LedWiz has its unit number set at the factory; they set it to
-// unit 1 unless you specifically request a different number when you place
-// your order.
+// A real LedWiz has its unit number set at the factory.  If you don't tell
+// them otherwise when placing your order, they will set it to unit #1.  Most
+// real LedWiz units therefore are set to unit #1.  There's no provision on
+// a real LedWiz for users to change the unit number after it leaves the 
+// factory.
 //
-// For our *emulated* LedWiz, we default to unit #8.  However, if we're set 
-// up as a secondary Pinscape controller with the joystick functions turned 
-// off, we'll use unit #9 instead.  
+// For our *emulated* LedWiz, we default to unit #8 if we're the primary
+// Pinscape controller in the system, or unit #9 if we're set up as the
+// secondary controller with the joystick functions turned off.
 //
 // The reason we start at unit #8 is that we want to avoid conflicting with
-// any real LedWiz devices you have in your system.  If you have a real
-// LedWiz, it's probably unit #1, since that's the default factory setting
-// that they'll give you if you didn't specifically ask for something else
-// when you ordered it.  If you have two real LedWiz's, they're probably 
-// units #1 and #2.  If you have three... well, I don't think anyone 
-// actually has three, but if you did it would probably be unit #3.  And so 
-// on.  That's why we start at #8: it seems really unlikely that anyone
-// with a pin cab has a real LedWiz unit #8.  On the off chance that you
-// do, simply change the setting here to a different unit number that's not 
-// already used in your system.
+// any real LedWiz devices in your system.  Most real LedWiz devices are
+// set up as unit #1, and in the rare cases where people have two of them,
+// the second one is usually unit #2.  
 //
 // Note 1:  the unit number here is the *user visible* unit number that
 // you use on the PC side.  It's the number you specify in your DOF
@@ -106,6 +148,31 @@
    0x09;   // joystick disabled - assume we're a secondary, output-only KL25Z, so use #9
 #endif
 
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Accelerometer orientation.  The accelerometer feature lets Visual Pinball 
+// (and other pinball software) sense nudges to the cabinet, and simulate 
+// the effect on the ball's trajectory during play.  We report the direction
+// of the accelerometer readings as well as the strength, so it's important
+// for VP and the KL25Z to agree on the physical orientation of the
+// accelerometer relative to the cabinet.  The accelerometer on the KL25Z
+// is always mounted the same way on the board, but we still have to know
+// which way you mount the board in your cabinet.  We assume as default
+// orientation where the KL25Z is mounted flat on the bottom of your
+// cabinet with the USB ports pointing forward, toward the coin door.  If
+// it's more convenient for you to mount the board in a different direction,
+// you simply need to select the matching direction here.  Comment out the
+// ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_FRONT line and un-comment the line that matches
+// your board's orientation.
+
+#define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_FRONT      // USB ports pointing toward front of cabinet
+// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_LEFT    // USB ports pointing toward left side of cab
+// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_RIGHT   // USB ports pointing toward right side of cab
+// #define ORIENTATION_PORTS_AT_REAR    // USB ports pointing toward back of cabinet
+
+
+
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Plunger CCD sensor.
@@ -142,11 +209,11 @@
 //
 // Happily, the time needed to read the approximately 165 pixels required
 // for pixel-accurate positioning on the display is short enough that we can
-// complete a scan within the cycle time for USB reports.  USB gives us a
-// whole separate timing factor; we can't go much *faster* with USB than
-// sending a new report about every 10ms.  The sensor timing is such that
-// we can read about 165 pixels in well under 10ms.  So that's really the
-// sweet spot for our scans.
+// complete a scan within the cycle time for USB reports.  Visual Pinball
+// only polls for input at about 10ms intervals, so there's no benefit
+// to going much faster than this.  The sensor timing is such that we can
+// read about 165 pixels in well under 10ms.  So that's really the sweet
+// spot for our scans.
 //
 // Note that we distribute the sampled pixels evenly across the full range
 // of the sensor's pixels.  That is, we read every nth pixel, and skip the
@@ -241,6 +308,35 @@
 const PinName CAL_BUTTON_LED = PTE23;
 
 
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// TV Power-On Timer.  This section lets you set up a delayed relay timer
+// for turning on your TV monitor(s) shortly after you turn on power to the
+// system.  This requires some external circuitry, which is built in to the
+// expansion board, or which you can build yourself - refer to the Build
+// Guide for the circuit plan.  
+//
+// If you're using this feature, un-comment the next line, and make any
+// changes to the port assignments below.  The default port assignments are
+// suitable for the expansion board.  Note that the TV timer is enabled
+// automatically if you're using the expansion board, since it's built in.
+//#define ENABLE_TV_TIMER
+
+#if defined(ENABLE_TV_TIMER) || defined(EXPANSION_BOARD)
+# define PSU2_STATUS_SENSE  PTD2    // Digital In pin to read latch status
+# define PSU2_STATUS_SET    PTE0    // Digital Out pin to set latch
+# define TV_RELAY_PIN       PTD3    // Digital Out pin to control TV switch relay
+
+// Amount of time (in seconds) to wait after system power-up before 
+// pulsing the TV ON switch relay.  Adjust as needed for your TV(s).
+// Most monitors won't respond to any buttons for the first few seconds
+// after they're plugged in, so we need to wait long enough to make sure
+// the TVs are ready to receive input before pressing the button.
+#define TV_DELAY_TIME    7.0
+
+#endif
+
+
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Pseudo "Launch Ball" button.
@@ -324,30 +420,45 @@
 // If you do add TLC5940 circuits to your controller hardware, use this
 // section to configure the connection to the KL25Z.
 //
-// Note that if you're using TLC5940 outputs, ALL of the outputs must go
-// through the TLC5940s - you can't mix TLC5940s and the default GPIO
-// device outputs.  This lets us take GPIO ports that we'd normally use
-// for device outputs and reassign them to control the TLC5940 hardware.
-
-// Uncomment this line if using TLC5940 chips
-//#define ENABLE_TLC5940
+// Note that when using the TLC5940, you can still also use some GPIO
+// pins for outputs as normal.  See ledWizPinMap[] for 
 
 // Number of TLC5940 chips you're using.  For a full LedWiz-compatible
-// setup, you need two of these chips, for 32 outputs.
-#define TLC5940_NCHIPS   4
+// setup, you need two of these chips, for 32 outputs.  The software
+// will handle up to 8.  The expansion board uses 4 of these chips; if
+// you're not using the expansion board, we assume you're not using
+// any of them.
+#ifdef EXPANSION_BOARD
+# define TLC5940_NCHIPS  4
+#else
+# define TLC5940_NCHIPS  0     // change this if you're using TLC5940's without the expansion board
+#endif
 
 // If you're using TLC5940s, change any of these as needed to match the
 // GPIO pins that you connected to the TLC5940 control pins.  Note that
 // SIN and SCLK *must* be connected to the KL25Z SPI0 MOSI and SCLK
 // outputs, respectively, which effectively limits them to the default
-// selections, and that the GSCLK pin must be PWM-capable.
+// selections, and that the GSCLK pin must be PWM-capable.  These defaults
+// all match the expansion board wiring.
 #define TLC5940_SIN    PTC6    // Must connect to SPI0 MOSI -> PTC6 or PTD2
 #define TLC5940_SCLK   PTC5    // Must connect to SPI0 SCLK -> PTC5 or PTD1; however, PTD1 isn't
                                //   recommended because it's hard-wired to the on-board blue LED
 #define TLC5940_XLAT   PTC10   // Any GPIO pin can be used
-#define TLC5940_BLANK  PTC0    // Any GPIO pin can be used
-#define TLC5940_GSCLK  PTD4    // Must be a PWM-capable pin
+#define TLC5940_BLANK  PTC7    // Any GPIO pin can be used
+#define TLC5940_GSCLK  PTA1    // Must be a PWM-capable pin
 
+// TLC5940 output power enable pin.  This is a GPIO pin that controls
+// a high-side transistor switch that controls power to the optos and
+// LEDs connected to the TLC5940 outputs.  This is a precaution against
+// powering the chip's output pins before Vcc is powered.  Vcc comes
+// from the KL25Z, so when our program is running, we know for certain
+// that Vcc is up.  This means that we can simply enable this pin any
+// time after entering our main().  Un-comment this line if using this
+// circuit.
+// #define TLC5940_PWRENA PTC11   // Any GPIO pin can be used
+#ifdef EXPANSION_BOARD
+# define TLC5940_PWRENA PTC11
+#endif
 
 #endif // CONFIG_H - end of include-once section (code below this point can be multiply included)
 
@@ -427,41 +538,55 @@
 
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
-// LED-Wiz emulation output pin assignments - GPIO mode
+// LED-Wiz emulation output pin assignments
 //
-//   NOTE!  This section isn't used if you have TLC5940 outputs - ALL
-//   device outputs will be through the 5940s if you're using them.
-//   See the TLC5940 setup section above to configure your interface
-//   pins if you're using those chips.
+// This sets the mapping from logical LedWiz port numbers, as used
+// in the software on the PC side, to physical hardware pins on the
+// KL25Z and/or the TLC5940 controllers.
 //
-// The LED-Wiz protocol allows setting individual intensity levels
-// on all outputs, with 48 levels of intensity.  This can be used
-// to control lamp brightness and motor speeds, among other things.
-// Unfortunately, the KL25Z only has 10 PWM channels, so while we 
-// can support the full complement of 32 outputs, we can only provide 
-// PWM dimming/speed control on 10 of them.  The remaining outputs 
-// can only be switched fully on and fully off - we can't support
-// dimming on these, so they'll ignore any intensity level setting 
-// requested by the host.  Use these for devices that don't have any
-// use for intensity settings anyway, such as contactors and knockers.
+// The LedWiz protocol lets the PC software set a "brightness" level
+// for each output.  This is used to control the intensity of LEDs
+// and other lights, and can also control motor speeds.  To implement 
+// the intensity level in hardware, we use PWM, or pulse width
+// modulation, which switches the output on and off very rapidly
+// to give the effect of a reduced voltage.  Unfortunately, the KL25Z
+// hardware is limited to 10 channels of PWM control for its GPIO
+// outputs, so it's impossible to implement the LedWiz's full set
+// of 32 adjustable outputs using only GPIO ports.  However, you can
+// create 10 adjustable ports and fill out the rest with "digital"
+// GPIO pins, which are simple on/off switches.  The intensity level
+// of a digital port can't be adjusted - it's either fully on or
+// fully off - but this is fine for devices that don't have
+// different intensity settings anyway, such as replay knockers
+// and flipper solenoids.
 //
-// Ports with pins assigned as "NC" are not connected.  That is,
-// there's no physical pin for that LedWiz port number.  You can
-// send LedWiz commands to turn NC ports on and off, but doing so
-// will have no effect.  The reason we leave some ports unassigned
-// is that we don't have enough physical GPIO pins to fill out the
-// full LedWiz complement of 32 ports.  Many pins are already taken
-// for other purposes, such as button inputs or the plunger CCD
-// interface.
+// In the mapping list below, you can decide how to dole out the
+// PWM-capable and digital-only GPIO pins.  To make it easier to
+// remember which is which, the default mapping below groups all
+// of the PWM-capable ports together in the first 10 logical LedWiz
+// port numbers.  Unfortunately, these ports aren't *physically*
+// together on the KL25Z pin headers, so this layout may be simple
+// in terms of the LedWiz numbering, but it's a little jumbled
+// in the physical layout.t
+//
+// "NC" in the pin name slot means "not connected".  This means
+// that there's no physical output for this LedWiz port number.
+// The device will still accept commands that control the port,
+// but these will just be silently ignored, since there's no pin
+// to turn on or off for these ports.  The reason we leave some 
+// ports unconnected is that we don't have enough physical GPIO 
+// pins to fill out the full LedWiz complement of 32 ports.  Many 
+// pins are already taken for other purposes, such as button 
+// inputs or the plunger CCD interface.
 //
 // The mapping between physical output pins on the KL25Z and the
-// assigned LED-Wiz port numbers is essentially arbitrary - you can
+// assigned LED-Wiz port numbers is essentially arbitrary.  You can
 // customize this by changing the entries in the array below if you
 // wish to rearrange the pins for any reason.  Be aware that some
 // of the physical outputs are already used for other purposes
 // (e.g., some of the GPIO pins on header J10 are used for the
 // CCD sensor - but you can of course reassign those as well by
-// changing the corresponding declarations elsewhere in this module).
+// changing the corresponding declarations elsewhere in this file).
 // The assignments we make here have two main objectives: first,
 // to group the outputs on headers J1 and J2 (to facilitate neater
 // wiring by keeping the output pins together physically), and
@@ -508,47 +633,228 @@
 // array above to NC (for "not connected"), and plug the pin name into
 // a slot of your choice in the array below.
 //
-// Note: PTD1 (pin J2-12) should NOT be assigned as an LedWiz output,
-// as this pin is physically connected on the KL25Z to the on-board
-// indicator LED's blue segment.  This precludes any other use of
-// the pin.
-// 
+// Note: Don't assign PTD1 (pin J2-12) as an LedWiz output.  That pin
+// is hard-wired on the KL25Z to the on-board indicator LED's blue segment,  
+// which pretty much precludes any other use of the pin.
+//
+// ACTIVE-LOW PORTS:  By default, when a logical port is turned on in
+// the software, we set the physical GPIO voltage to "high" (3.3V), and
+// set it "low" (0V) when the logical port is off.  This is the right
+// scheme for the booster circuit described in the build guide.  Some
+// third-party booster circuits want the opposite voltage scheme, where
+// logical "on" is represented by 0V on the port and logical "off" is
+// represented by 3.3V.  If you're using an "active low" booster like
+// that, set the PORT_ACTIVE_LOW flag in the array below for each 
+// affected port.
+//
+// TLC5940 PORTS:  To assign an LedWiz output port number to a particular
+// output on a TLC5940, set tlcPortNum to the non-zero port number,
+// starting at 1 for the first output on the first chip, 16 for the
+// last output on the first chip, 17 for the first output on the second
+// chip, and so on.  TLC ports are inherently PWM-capable only, so it's 
+// not necessary to set the PORT_IS_PWM flag for those.
+//
+
+// ledWizPortMap 'flags' bits - combine these with '|'
+const int PORT_IS_PWM     = 0x0001;  // this port is PWM-capable
+const int PORT_ACTIVE_LOW = 0x0002;  // use LOW voltage (0V) when port is ON
+
 struct {
-    PinName pin;
-    bool isPWM;
-} ledWizPortMap[32] = {
-    { PTA1, true },      // pin J1-2,  LW port 1  (PWM capable - TPM 2.0 = channel 9)
-    { PTA2, true },      // pin J1-4,  LW port 2  (PWM capable - TPM 2.1 = channel 10)
-    { PTD4, true },      // pin J1-6,  LW port 3  (PWM capable - TPM 0.4 = channel 5)
-    { PTA12, true },     // pin J1-8,  LW port 4  (PWM capable - TPM 1.0 = channel 7)
-    { PTA4, true },      // pin J1-10, LW port 5  (PWM capable - TPM 0.1 = channel 2)
-    { PTA5, true },      // pin J1-12, LW port 6  (PWM capable - TPM 0.2 = channel 3)
-    { PTA13, true },     // pin J2-2,  LW port 7  (PWM capable - TPM 1.1 = channel 13)
-    { PTD5, true },      // pin J2-4,  LW port 8  (PWM capable - TPM 0.5 = channel 6)
-    { PTD0, true },      // pin J2-6,  LW port 9  (PWM capable - TPM 0.0 = channel 1)
-    { PTD3, true },      // pin J2-10, LW port 10 (PWM capable - TPM 0.3 = channel 4)
-    { PTD2, false },     // pin J2-8,  LW port 11
-    { PTC8, false },     // pin J1-14, LW port 12
-    { PTC9, false },     // pin J1-16, LW port 13
-    { PTC7, false },     // pin J1-1,  LW port 14
-    { PTC0, false },     // pin J1-3,  LW port 15
-    { PTC3, false },     // pin J1-5,  LW port 16
-    { PTC4, false },     // pin J1-7,  LW port 17
-    { PTC5, false },     // pin J1-9,  LW port 18
-    { PTC6, false },     // pin J1-11, LW port 19
-    { PTC10, false },    // pin J1-13, LW port 20
-    { PTC11, false },    // pin J1-15, LW port 21
-    { PTE0, false },     // pin J2-18, LW port 22
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 23
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 24
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 25
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 26
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 27
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 28
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 29
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 30
-    { NC, false },       // Not connected,  LW port 31
-    { NC, false }        // Not connected,  LW port 32
+    PinName pin;        // the GPIO pin assigned to this output; NC if not connected or a TLC5940 port
+    int flags;          // flags - a combination of PORT_xxx flag bits (see above)
+    int tlcPortNum;     // for TLC5940 ports, the TLC output number (1 to number of chips*16); otherwise 0
+} ledWizPortMap[] = {
+    
+#if TLC5940_NCHIPS == 0
+
+    // *** BASIC MODE - GPIO OUTPUTS ONLY ***
+    // This is the basic mapping, using entirely GPIO pins, for when you're 
+    // not using external TLC5940 chips.  We provide 22 physical outputs, 10 
+    // of which are PWM capable.
+    //
+    // Important!  Note that the "isPWM" setting isn't just something we get to
+    // choose.  It's a feature of the KL25Z hardware.  Some pins are PWM capable 
+    // and some aren't, and there's nothing we can do about that in the software.
+    // Refer to the KL25Z manual or schematics for the possible connections.  Note 
+    // that there are other PWM-capable pins besides the 10 shown below, BUT they 
+    // all share TPM channels with the pins below.  For example, TPM 2.0 can be 
+    // connected to PTA1, PTB2, PTB18, PTE22 - but only one at a time.  So if you 
+    // want to use PTB2 as a PWM out, it means you CAN'T use PTA1 as a PWM out.
+    // We commented each PWM pin with its hardware channel number to help you keep
+    // track of available channels if you do need to rearrange any of these pins.
+
+    { PTA1,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-2,  LW port 1  (PWM capable - TPM 2.0 = channel 9)
+    { PTA2,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-4,  LW port 2  (PWM capable - TPM 2.1 = channel 10)
+    { PTD4,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-6,  LW port 3  (PWM capable - TPM 0.4 = channel 5)
+    { PTA12, PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-8,  LW port 4  (PWM capable - TPM 1.0 = channel 7)
+    { PTA4,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-10, LW port 5  (PWM capable - TPM 0.1 = channel 2)
+    { PTA5,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-12, LW port 6  (PWM capable - TPM 0.2 = channel 3)
+    { PTA13, PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J2-2,  LW port 7  (PWM capable - TPM 1.1 = channel 13)
+    { PTD5,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J2-4,  LW port 8  (PWM capable - TPM 0.5 = channel 6)
+    { PTD0,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J2-6,  LW port 9  (PWM capable - TPM 0.0 = channel 1)
+    { PTD3,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J2-10, LW port 10 (PWM capable - TPM 0.3 = channel 4)
+    { PTD2,  0 },                // pin J2-8,  LW port 11
+    { PTC8,  0 },                // pin J1-14, LW port 12
+    { PTC9,  0 },                // pin J1-16, LW port 13
+    { PTC7,  0 },                // pin J1-1,  LW port 14
+    { PTC0,  0 },                // pin J1-3,  LW port 15
+    { PTC3,  0 },                // pin J1-5,  LW port 16
+    { PTC4,  0 },                // pin J1-7,  LW port 17
+    { PTC5,  0 },                // pin J1-9,  LW port 18
+    { PTC6,  0 },                // pin J1-11, LW port 19
+    { PTC10, 0 },                // pin J1-13, LW port 20
+    { PTC11, 0 },                // pin J1-15, LW port 21
+    { PTE0,  0 },                // pin J2-18, LW port 22
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 23
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 24
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 25
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 26
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 27
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 28
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 29
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 30
+    { NC,    0 },                // Not connected,  LW port 31
+    { NC,    0 }                 // Not connected,  LW port 32
+    
+#elif defined(EXPANSION_BOARD)
+
+    // *** EXPANSION BOARD MODE ***
+    // 
+    // This mapping is for the expansion board, which uses four TLC5940
+    // chips to provide 64  outputs.  The expansion board also uses
+    // one GPIO pin to provide a digital (non-PWM) output dedicated to
+    // the knocker circuit.  That's on a digital pin because it's used
+    // to trigger an external timer circuit that limits the amount of
+    // time that the knocker coil can be continuously energized, to protect
+    // it against software faults on the PC that leave the port stuck on.
+    // (The knocker coil is unique among standard virtual cabinet output
+    // devices in this respect - it's the only device in common use that
+    // can be damaged if left on for too long.  Other devices won't be
+    // damaged, so they don't require such elaborate precautions.)
+    //
+    // The specific device assignments in the last column are just 
+    // recommendations - you can assign any port to any device with 
+    // compatible power needs.  The "General Purpose" ports are good to
+    // at least 5A, so you can use these for virtually anything.  The
+    // "Button light" ports are good to about 1.5A, so these are most
+    // suitable for smaller loads like lamps, flashers, LEDs, etc.  The
+    // flipper and magnasave ports will only provide 20mA, so these are
+    // only usable for small LEDs.
+
+    // The first 32 ports are LedWiz-compatible, so they're universally
+    // accessible, even to older non-DOF software.  Attach the most common
+    // devices to these ports.
+    { NC,     0,    1 },         // TLC port 1,  LW output 1  - Flasher 1 R
+    { NC,     0,    2 },         // TLC port 2,  LW output 2  - Flasher 1 G
+    { NC,     0,    3 },         // TLC port 3,  LW output 3  - Flasher 1 B
+    { NC,     0,    4 },         // TLC port 4,  LW output 4  - Flasher 2 R
+    { NC,     0,    5 },         // TLC port 5,  LW output 5  - Flasher 2 G
+    { NC,     0,    6 },         // TLC port 6,  LW output 6  - Flasher 2 B
+    { NC,     0,    7 },         // TLC port 7,  LW output 7  - Flasher 3 R
+    { NC,     0,    8 },         // TLC port 8,  LW output 8  - Flasher 3 G
+    { NC,     0,    9 },         // TLC port 9,  LW output 9  - Flasher 3 B
+    { NC,     0,    10 },        // TLC port 10, LW output 10 - Flasher 4 R
+    { NC,     0,    11 },        // TLC port 11, LW output 11 - Flasher 4 G
+    { NC,     0,    12 },        // TLC port 12, LW output 12 - Flasher 4 B
+    { NC,     0,    13 },        // TLC port 13, LW output 13 - Flasher 5 R
+    { NC,     0,    14 },        // TLC port 14, LW output 14 - Flasher 5 G
+    { NC,     0,    15 },        // TLC port 15, LW output 15 - Flasher 5 B
+    { NC,     0,    16 },        // TLC port 16, LW output 16 - Strobe/Button light
+    { NC,     0,    17 },        // TLC port 17, LW output 17 - Button light 1
+    { NC,     0,    18 },        // TLC port 18, LW output 18 - Button light 2
+    { NC,     0,    19 },        // TLC port 19, LW output 19 - Button light 3
+    { NC,     0,    20 },        // TLC port 20, LW output 20 - Button light 4
+    { PTC8,   0,    0 },         // PTC8,        LW output 21 - Replay Knocker
+    { NC,     0,    21 },        // TLC port 21, LW output 22 - Contactor 1/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    22 },        // TLC port 22, LW output 23 - Contactor 2/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    23 },        // TLC port 23, LW output 24 - Contactor 3/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    24 },        // TLC port 24, LW output 25 - Contactor 4/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    25 },        // TLC port 25, LW output 26 - Contactor 5/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    26 },        // TLC port 26, LW output 27 - Contactor 6/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    27 },        // TLC port 27, LW output 28 - Contactor 7/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    28 },        // TLC port 28, LW output 29 - Contactor 8/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    29 },        // TLC port 29, LW output 30 - Contactor 9/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    30 },        // TLC port 30, LW output 31 - Contactor 10/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    31 },        // TLC port 31, LW output 32 - Shaker Motor/General purpose
+    
+    // Ports 33+ are accessible only to DOF-based software.  Older LedWiz-only
+    // software on the can't access these.  Attach less common devices to these ports.
+    { NC,     0,    32 },        // TLC port 32, LW output 33 - Gear Motor/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    33 },        // TLC port 33, LW output 34 - Fan/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    34 },        // TLC port 34, LW output 35 - Beacon/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    35 },        // TLC port 35, LW output 36 - Undercab RGB R/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    36 },        // TLC port 36, LW output 37 - Undercab RGB G/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    37 },        // TLC port 37, LW output 38 - Undercab RGB B/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    38 },        // TLC port 38, LW output 39 - Bell/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    39 },        // TLC port 39, LW output 40 - Chime 1/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    40 },        // TLC port 40, LW output 41 - Chime 2/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    41 },        // TLC port 41, LW output 42 - Chime 3/General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    42 },        // TLC port 42, LW output 43 - General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    43 },        // TLC port 43, LW output 44 - General purpose
+    { NC,     0,    44 },        // TLC port 44, LW output 45 - Button light 5
+    { NC,     0,    45 },        // TLC port 45, LW output 46 - Button light 6
+    { NC,     0,    46 },        // TLC port 46, LW output 47 - Button light 7
+    { NC,     0,    47 },        // TLC port 47, LW output 48 - Button light 8
+    { NC,     0,    49 },        // TLC port 49, LW output 49 - Flipper button RGB left R
+    { NC,     0,    50 },        // TLC port 50, LW output 50 - Flipper button RGB left G
+    { NC,     0,    51 },        // TLC port 51, LW output 51 - Flipper button RGB left B
+    { NC,     0,    52 },        // TLC port 52, LW output 52 - Flipper button RGB right R
+    { NC,     0,    53 },        // TLC port 53, LW output 53 - Flipper button RGB right G
+    { NC,     0,    54 },        // TLC port 54, LW output 54 - Flipper button RGB right B
+    { NC,     0,    55 },        // TLC port 55, LW output 55 - MagnaSave button RGB left R
+    { NC,     0,    56 },        // TLC port 56, LW output 56 - MagnaSave button RGB left G
+    { NC,     0,    57 },        // TLC port 57, LW output 57 - MagnaSave button RGB left B
+    { NC,     0,    58 },        // TLC port 58, LW output 58 - MagnaSave button RGB right R
+    { NC,     0,    59 },        // TLC port 59, LW output 59 - MagnaSave button RGB right G
+    { NC,     0,    60 }         // TLC port 60, LW output 60 - MagnaSave button RGB right B
+    
+#else
+
+    // *** TLC5940 + GPIO OUTPUTS, Without the expansion board ***
+    //
+    // This is the mapping for the ehnanced mode, with one or more TLC5940 
+    // chips connected.  Each TLC5940 chip provides 16 PWM channels.  We
+    // can supplement the TLC5940 outputs with GPIO pins to get even more 
+    // physical outputs.  
+    //
+    // Because we've already declared the number of TLC5940 chips earlier
+    // in this file, we don't actually have to map out all of the TLC5940
+    // ports here.  The software will automatically assign all of the 
+    // TLC5940 ports that aren't explicitly mentioned here to the next
+    // available LedWiz port numbers after the end of this array, assigning
+    // them sequentially in TLC5940 port order.
+    //
+    // In contrast to the basic mode arrangement, we're putting all of the
+    // NON PWM ports first in this mapping.  The logic is that all of the 
+    // TLC5940 ports are PWM-capable, and they'll all at the end of the list
+    // here, so by putting the PWM GPIO pins last here, we'll keep all of the
+    // PWM ports grouped in the final mapping.
+    //
+    // Note that the TLC5940 control wiring takes away several GPIO pins
+    // that we used as output ports in the basic mode.  Further, because the
+    // TLC5940 makes ports so plentiful, we're intentionally omitting several 
+    // more of the pins from the basic set, to make them available for other
+    // uses.  To keep things more neatly grouped, we're only assigning J1 pins
+    // in this set.  This leaves the following ports from the basic mode output
+    // set available for other users: PTA13, PTD0, PTD2, PTD3, PTD5, PTE0.
+    
+    { PTC8,  0 },                // pin J1-14, LW port 1
+    { PTC9,  0 },                // pin J1-16, LW port 2
+    { PTC0,  0 },                // pin J1-3,  LW port 3
+    { PTC3,  0 },                // pin J1-5,  LW port 4
+    { PTC4,  0 },                // pin J1-7,  LW port 5
+    { PTA2,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-4,  LW port 6   (PWM capable - TPM 2.1 = channel 10)
+    { PTD4,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-6,  LW port 7   (PWM capable - TPM 0.4 = channel 5)
+    { PTA12, PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-8,  LW port 8   (PWM capable - TPM 1.0 = channel 7)
+    { PTA4,  PORT_IS_PWM },      // pin J1-10, LW port 9   (PWM capable - TPM 0.1 = channel 2)
+    { PTA5,  PORT_IS_PWM }       // pin J1-12, LW port 10  (PWM capable - TPM 0.2 = channel 3)
+
+    // TLC5940 ports start here!
+    // First chip port 0 ->   LW port 12
+    // First chip port 1 ->   LW port 13
+    // ... etc, filling out all chip ports sequentially ...
+
+#endif // TLC5940_NCHIPS
 };