Pinned to some recent date

Revision:
0:fb7af294d5d9
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/features/FEATURE_BLE/ble/Gap.h	Thu Nov 17 16:43:53 2016 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1919 @@
+/* mbed Microcontroller Library
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2013 ARM Limited
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __GAP_H__
+#define __GAP_H__
+
+#include "ble/BLEProtocol.h"
+#include "GapAdvertisingData.h"
+#include "GapAdvertisingParams.h"
+#include "GapScanningParams.h"
+#include "GapEvents.h"
+#include "CallChainOfFunctionPointersWithContext.h"
+#include "FunctionPointerWithContext.h"
+#include "deprecate.h"
+
+/* Forward declarations for classes that will only be used for pointers or references in the following. */
+class GapAdvertisingParams;
+class GapScanningParams;
+class GapAdvertisingData;
+
+class Gap {
+    /*
+     * DEPRECATION ALERT: all of the APIs in this `public` block are deprecated.
+     * They have been relocated to the class BLEProtocol.
+     */
+public:
+    /**
+     * Address-type for BLEProtocol addresses.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use BLEProtocol::AddressType_t instead.
+     */
+    typedef BLEProtocol::AddressType_t AddressType_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Address-type for BLEProtocol addresses.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use BLEProtocol::AddressType_t instead.
+     */
+    typedef BLEProtocol::AddressType_t addr_type_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Address-type for BLEProtocol addresses.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use BLEProtocol::AddressType_t instead. The following
+     *             constants have been left in their deprecated state to
+     *             transparenly support existing applications which may have
+     *             used Gap::ADDR_TYPE_*.
+     */
+    enum DeprecatedAddressType_t {
+        ADDR_TYPE_PUBLIC                        = BLEProtocol::AddressType::PUBLIC,
+        ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_STATIC                 = BLEProtocol::AddressType::RANDOM_STATIC,
+        ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_PRIVATE_RESOLVABLE     = BLEProtocol::AddressType::RANDOM_PRIVATE_RESOLVABLE,
+        ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_PRIVATE_NON_RESOLVABLE = BLEProtocol::AddressType::RANDOM_PRIVATE_NON_RESOLVABLE
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Length (in octets) of the BLE MAC address.
+     */
+    static const unsigned ADDR_LEN = BLEProtocol::ADDR_LEN;
+    /**
+     * 48-bit address, LSB format.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t instead.
+     */
+    typedef BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t Address_t;
+    /**
+     * 48-bit address, LSB format.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t instead.
+     */
+    typedef BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t address_t;
+
+public:
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for timeout sources.
+     */
+    enum TimeoutSource_t {
+        TIMEOUT_SRC_ADVERTISING      = 0x00, /**< Advertising timeout. */
+        TIMEOUT_SRC_SECURITY_REQUEST = 0x01, /**< Security request timeout. */
+        TIMEOUT_SRC_SCAN             = 0x02, /**< Scanning timeout. */
+        TIMEOUT_SRC_CONN             = 0x03, /**< Connection timeout. */
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for disconnection reasons. The values for these reasons are
+     * derived from Nordic's implementation, but the reasons are meant to be
+     * independent of the transport. If you are returned a reason that is not
+     * covered by this enumeration, please refer to the underlying
+     * transport library.
+     */
+    enum DisconnectionReason_t {
+        CONNECTION_TIMEOUT                          = 0x08,
+        REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION           = 0x13,
+        REMOTE_DEV_TERMINATION_DUE_TO_LOW_RESOURCES = 0x14,  /**< Remote device terminated connection due to low resources.*/
+        REMOTE_DEV_TERMINATION_DUE_TO_POWER_OFF     = 0x15,  /**< Remote device terminated connection due to power off. */
+        LOCAL_HOST_TERMINATED_CONNECTION            = 0x16,
+        CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE                  = 0x3B,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for whitelist advertising policy filter modes. The possible
+     * filter modes were obtained from the Bluetooth Core Specification
+     * 4.2 (Vol. 6), Part B, Section 4.3.2.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    enum AdvertisingPolicyMode_t {
+        ADV_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST = 0,
+        ADV_POLICY_FILTER_SCAN_REQS = 1,
+        ADV_POLICY_FILTER_CONN_REQS = 2,
+        ADV_POLICY_FILTER_ALL_REQS  = 3,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for whitelist scanning policy filter modes. The possible
+     * filter modes were obtained from the Bluetooth Core Specification
+     * 4.2 (Vol. 6), Part B, Section 4.3.3.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    enum ScanningPolicyMode_t {
+        SCAN_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST = 0,
+        SCAN_POLICY_FILTER_ALL_ADV   = 1,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for the whitelist initiator policy fiter modes. The possible
+     * filter modes were obtained from the Bluetooth Core Specification
+     * 4.2 (vol. 6), Part B, Section 4.4.4.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    enum InitiatorPolicyMode_t {
+        INIT_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST = 0,
+        INIT_POLICY_FILTER_ALL_ADV   = 1,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Representation of a Bluetooth Low Enery Whitelist containing addresses.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    struct Whitelist_t {
+        BLEProtocol::Address_t *addresses; /**< List of BLE addresses in the whitelist. */
+        uint8_t                 size;      /**< Total number of BLE addresses in this whitelist */
+        uint8_t                 capacity;  /**< Maximum number of BLE addresses that can be added to this whitelist. */
+    };
+
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the current state of the device (more than one bit can be set).
+     */
+    struct GapState_t {
+        unsigned advertising : 1; /**< Peripheral is currently advertising. */
+        unsigned connected   : 1; /**< Peripheral is connected to a central. */
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Type for connection handle.
+     */
+    typedef uint16_t Handle_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Structure containing GAP connection parameters. When in peripheral role
+     * the connection parameters are suggestions. The choice of the connection
+     * parameters is eventually up to the central.
+     */
+    typedef struct {
+        uint16_t minConnectionInterval;        /**< Minimum Connection Interval in 1.25 ms units, see BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
+        uint16_t maxConnectionInterval;        /**< Maximum Connection Interval in 1.25 ms units, see BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
+        uint16_t slaveLatency;                 /**< Slave Latency in number of connection events, see BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
+        uint16_t connectionSupervisionTimeout; /**< Connection Supervision Timeout in 10 ms units, see BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
+    } ConnectionParams_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Enumeration for the possible GAP roles of a BLE device.
+     */
+    enum Role_t {
+        PERIPHERAL  = 0x1, /**< Peripheral Role. */
+        CENTRAL     = 0x2, /**< Central Role.    */
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Structure containing data and metadata of a scanned advertising packet.
+     */
+    struct AdvertisementCallbackParams_t {
+        BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t              peerAddr;           /**< The peer's BLE address. */
+        int8_t                                   rssi;               /**< The advertisement packet RSSI value. */
+        bool                                     isScanResponse;     /**< Whether this packet is the response to a scan request. */
+        GapAdvertisingParams::AdvertisingType_t  type;               /**< The type of advertisement. */
+        uint8_t                                  advertisingDataLen; /**< Length of the advertisement data. */
+        const uint8_t                           *advertisingData;    /**< Pointer to the advertisement packet's data. */
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the handlers of advertisement callback events. Refer to
+     * Gap::startScan().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<const AdvertisementCallbackParams_t *> AdvertisementReportCallback_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Encapsulates the parameters of a connection. This information is passed
+     * to the registered handler of connection events. Refer to Gap::onConnection().
+     */
+    struct ConnectionCallbackParams_t {
+        Handle_t                    handle;           /**< The ID for this connection */
+        Role_t                      role;             /**< This device's role in the connection */
+        BLEProtocol::AddressType_t  peerAddrType;     /**< The peer's BLE address type */
+        BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t peerAddr;         /**< The peer's BLE address */
+        BLEProtocol::AddressType_t  ownAddrType;      /**< This device's BLE address type */
+        BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t ownAddr;          /**< This devices's BLE address */
+        const ConnectionParams_t   *connectionParams; /**< The currently configured connection parameters */
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor for ConnectionCallbackParams_t.
+         *
+         * @param[in] handleIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::handle
+         * @param[in] roleIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::role
+         * @param[in] peerAddrTypeIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::peerAddrType
+         * @param[in] peerAddrIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::peerAddr
+         * @param[in] ownAddrTypeIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::ownAddrType
+         * @param[in] ownAddrIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::ownAddr
+         * @param[in] connectionParamsIn
+         *              Value for ConnectionCallbackParams_t::connectionParams
+         */
+        ConnectionCallbackParams_t(Handle_t                    handleIn,
+                                   Role_t                      roleIn,
+                                   BLEProtocol::AddressType_t  peerAddrTypeIn,
+                                   const uint8_t              *peerAddrIn,
+                                   BLEProtocol::AddressType_t  ownAddrTypeIn,
+                                   const uint8_t              *ownAddrIn,
+                                   const ConnectionParams_t   *connectionParamsIn) :
+            handle(handleIn),
+            role(roleIn),
+            peerAddrType(peerAddrTypeIn),
+            peerAddr(),
+            ownAddrType(ownAddrTypeIn),
+            ownAddr(),
+            connectionParams(connectionParamsIn) {
+            memcpy(peerAddr, peerAddrIn, ADDR_LEN);
+            memcpy(ownAddr, ownAddrIn, ADDR_LEN);
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Structure that encapsulates information about a disconnection event.
+     * Refer to Gap::onDisconnection().
+     */
+    struct DisconnectionCallbackParams_t {
+        Handle_t              handle; /**< The ID of the connection that caused the disconnection event */
+        DisconnectionReason_t reason; /**< The reason of the disconnection event */
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor for DisconnectionCallbackParams_t.
+         *
+         * @param[in] handleIn
+         *              Value for DisconnectionCallbackParams_t::handle.
+         * @param[in] reasonIn
+         *              Value for DisconnectionCallbackParams_t::reason.
+         */
+        DisconnectionCallbackParams_t(Handle_t              handleIn,
+                                      DisconnectionReason_t reasonIn) :
+            handle(handleIn),
+            reason(reasonIn)
+        {}
+    };
+
+    static const uint16_t UNIT_1_25_MS  = 1250; /**< Number of microseconds in 1.25 milliseconds. */
+    /**
+     * Helper function to convert from units of milliseconds to GAP duration
+     * units.
+     *
+     * @param[in] durationInMillis
+     *              The duration in milliseconds.
+     *
+     * @return The duration in GAP duration units.
+     */
+    static uint16_t MSEC_TO_GAP_DURATION_UNITS(uint32_t durationInMillis) {
+        return (durationInMillis * 1000) / UNIT_1_25_MS;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the registered callbacks added to the timeout event callchain.
+     * Refer to Gap::onTimeout().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<TimeoutSource_t> TimeoutEventCallback_t;
+    /**
+     * Type for the timeout event callchain. Refer to Gap::onTimeout().
+     */
+    typedef CallChainOfFunctionPointersWithContext<TimeoutSource_t> TimeoutEventCallbackChain_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the registered callbacks added to the connection event
+     * callchain. Refer to Gap::onConnection().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<const ConnectionCallbackParams_t *> ConnectionEventCallback_t;
+    /**
+     * Type for the connection event callchain. Refer to Gap::onConnection().
+     */
+    typedef CallChainOfFunctionPointersWithContext<const ConnectionCallbackParams_t *> ConnectionEventCallbackChain_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the registered callbacks added to the disconnection event
+     * callchain. Refer to Gap::onDisconnetion().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<const DisconnectionCallbackParams_t*> DisconnectionEventCallback_t;
+    /**
+     * Type for the disconnection event callchain. Refer to Gap::onDisconnection().
+     */
+    typedef CallChainOfFunctionPointersWithContext<const DisconnectionCallbackParams_t*> DisconnectionEventCallbackChain_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the handlers of radio notification callback events. Refer to
+     * Gap::onRadioNotification().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<bool> RadioNotificationEventCallback_t;
+
+    /**
+     * Type for the handlers of shutdown callback events. Refer to
+     * Gap::onShutdown().
+     */
+    typedef FunctionPointerWithContext<const Gap *> GapShutdownCallback_t;
+    /**
+     * Type for the shutdown event callchain. Refer to Gap::onShutdown().
+     */
+    typedef CallChainOfFunctionPointersWithContext<const Gap *> GapShutdownCallbackChain_t;
+
+    /*
+     * The following functions are meant to be overridden in the platform-specific sub-class.
+     */
+public:
+    /**
+     * Set the BTLE MAC address and type. Please note that the address format is
+     * least significant byte first (LSB). Please refer to BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t.
+     *
+     * @param[in] type
+     *              The type of the BLE address to set.
+     * @param[in] address
+     *              The BLE address to set.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE on success.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setAddress(BLEProtocol::AddressType_t type, const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t address) {
+        /* avoid compiler warnings about unused variables */
+        (void)type;
+        (void)address;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch the BTLE MAC address and type.
+     *
+     * @param[out]  typeP
+     *                  The current BLE address type.
+     * @param[out]  address
+     *                  The current BLE address.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE on success.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t getAddress(BLEProtocol::AddressType_t *typeP, BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t address) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)typeP;
+        (void)address;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the minimum advertising interval in milliseconds for connectable
+     * undirected and connectable directed event types supported by the
+     * underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @return Minimum Advertising interval in milliseconds for connectable
+     *         undirected and connectable directed event types.
+     */
+    virtual uint16_t getMinAdvertisingInterval(void) const {
+        return 0; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the minimum advertising interval in milliseconds for scannable
+     * undirected and non-connectable undirected even types supported by the
+     * underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @return Minimum Advertising interval in milliseconds for scannable
+     *         undirected and non-connectable undirected event types.
+     */
+    virtual uint16_t getMinNonConnectableAdvertisingInterval(void) const {
+        return 0; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the maximum advertising interval in milliseconds for all event types
+     * supported by the underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @return Maximum Advertising interval in milliseconds.
+     */
+    virtual uint16_t getMaxAdvertisingInterval(void) const {
+        return 0xFFFF; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop advertising. The current advertising parameters remain in effect.
+     *
+     * @retval BLE_ERROR_NONE if successfully stopped advertising procedure.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t stopAdvertising(void) {
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop scanning. The current scanning parameters remain in effect.
+     *
+     * @retval BLE_ERROR_NONE if successfully stopped scanning procedure.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t stopScan() {
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a connection (GAP Link Establishment).
+     *
+     * @param[in] peerAddr
+     *              48-bit address, LSB format.
+     * @param[in] peerAddrType
+     *              Address type of the peer.
+     * @param[in] connectionParams
+     *              Connection parameters.
+     * @param[in] scanParams
+     *              Paramters to be used while scanning for the peer.
+     *
+     * @return  BLE_ERROR_NONE if connection establishment procedure is started
+     *          successfully. The connectionCallChain (if set) will be invoked upon
+     *          a connection event.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t connect(const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t  peerAddr,
+                                BLEProtocol::AddressType_t         peerAddrType,
+                                const ConnectionParams_t          *connectionParams,
+                                const GapScanningParams           *scanParams) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)peerAddr;
+        (void)peerAddrType;
+        (void)connectionParams;
+        (void)scanParams;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a connection (GAP Link Establishment).
+     *
+     * @deprecated  This funtion overloads Gap::connect(const BLEProtocol::Address_t  peerAddr,
+     *                                                  BLEProtocol::AddressType_t    peerAddrType,
+     *                                                  const ConnectionParams_t     *connectionParams,
+     *                                                  const GapScanningParams      *scanParams)
+     *              to maintain backward compatibility for change from Gap::AddressType_t to
+     *              BLEProtocol::AddressType_t.
+     */
+    ble_error_t connect(const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t  peerAddr,
+                        DeprecatedAddressType_t            peerAddrType,
+                        const ConnectionParams_t          *connectionParams,
+                        const GapScanningParams           *scanParams)
+    __deprecated_message("Gap::DeprecatedAddressType_t is deprecated, use BLEProtocol::AddressType_t instead") {
+        return connect(peerAddr, (BLEProtocol::AddressType_t) peerAddrType, connectionParams, scanParams);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This call initiates the disconnection procedure, and its completion will
+     * be communicated to the application with an invocation of the
+     * disconnectionCallback.
+     *
+     * @param[in] reason
+     *              The reason for disconnection; to be sent back to the peer.
+     * @param[in] connectionHandle
+     *              The handle of the connection to disconnect from.
+     *
+     * @return  BLE_ERROR_NONE if disconnection was successful.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t disconnect(Handle_t connectionHandle, DisconnectionReason_t reason) {
+        /* avoid compiler warnings about unused variables */
+        (void)connectionHandle;
+        (void)reason;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This call initiates the disconnection procedure, and its completion will
+     * be communicated to the application with an invocation of the
+     * disconnectionCallback.
+     *
+     * @param[in] reason
+     *              The reason for disconnection; to be sent back to the peer.
+     *
+     * @return  BLE_ERROR_NONE if disconnection was successful.
+     *
+     * @deprecated This version of disconnect() doesn't take a connection handle. It
+     *             works reliably only for stacks that are limited to a single
+     *             connection. Use instead Gap::disconnect(Handle_t connectionHandle,
+     *             DisconnectionReason_t reason) instead.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t disconnect(DisconnectionReason_t reason) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)reason;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the GAP peripheral preferred connection parameters. These are the
+     * defaults that the peripheral would like to have in a connection. The
+     * choice of the connection parameters is eventually up to the central.
+     *
+     * @param[out] params
+     *               The structure where the parameters will be stored. Memory
+     *               for this is owned by the caller.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the parameters were successfully filled into
+     *         the given structure pointed to by params.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t getPreferredConnectionParams(ConnectionParams_t *params) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)params;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the GAP peripheral preferred connection parameters. These are the
+     * defaults that the peripheral would like to have in a connection. The
+     * choice of the connection parameters is eventually up to the central.
+     *
+     * @param[in] params
+     *               The structure containing the desired parameters.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the preferred connection params were set
+     *         correctly.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setPreferredConnectionParams(const ConnectionParams_t *params) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)params;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update connection parameters. In the central role this will initiate a
+     * Link Layer connection parameter update procedure. In the peripheral role,
+     * this will send the corresponding L2CAP request and wait for the central
+     * to perform the procedure.
+     *
+     * @param[in] handle
+     *              Connection Handle.
+     * @param[in] params
+     *              Pointer to desired connection parameters. If NULL is provided on a peripheral role,
+     *              the parameters in the PPCP characteristic of the GAP service will be used instead.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the connection parameters were updated correctly.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t updateConnectionParams(Handle_t handle, const ConnectionParams_t *params) {
+        /* avoid compiler warnings about unused variables */
+        (void)handle;
+        (void)params;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the device name characteristic in the GAP service.
+     *
+     * @param[in] deviceName
+     *              The new value for the device-name. This is a UTF-8 encoded, <b>NULL-terminated</b> string.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device name was set correctly.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setDeviceName(const uint8_t *deviceName) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)deviceName;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the value of the device name characteristic in the GAP service.
+     *
+     * @param[out]    deviceName
+     *                  Pointer to an empty buffer where the UTF-8 *non NULL-
+     *                  terminated* string will be placed. Set this
+     *                  value to NULL in order to obtain the deviceName-length
+     *                  from the 'length' parameter.
+     *
+     * @param[in,out] lengthP
+     *                  (on input) Length of the buffer pointed to by deviceName;
+     *                  (on output) the complete device name length (without the
+     *                     null terminator).
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device name was fetched correctly from the
+     *         underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @note If the device name is longer than the size of the supplied buffer,
+     *       length will return the complete device name length, and not the
+     *       number of bytes actually returned in deviceName. The application may
+     *       use this information to retry with a suitable buffer size.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t getDeviceName(uint8_t *deviceName, unsigned *lengthP) {
+        /* avoid compiler warnings about unused variables */
+        (void)deviceName;
+        (void)lengthP;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the appearance characteristic in the GAP service.
+     *
+     * @param[in] appearance
+     *              The new value for the device-appearance.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the new appearance was set correctly.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setAppearance(GapAdvertisingData::Appearance appearance) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)appearance;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the appearance characteristic in the GAP service.
+     *
+     * @param[out] appearance
+     *               The current device-appearance value.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device-appearance was fetched correctly
+     *         from the underlying BLE stack.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t getAppearance(GapAdvertisingData::Appearance *appearanceP) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)appearanceP;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the radio's transmit power.
+     *
+     * @param[in] txPower
+     *              Radio's transmit power in dBm.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the new radio's transmit power was set
+     *         correctly.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setTxPower(int8_t txPower) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)txPower;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Query the underlying stack for permitted arguments for setTxPower().
+     *
+     * @param[out] valueArrayPP
+     *                 Out parameter to receive the immutable array of Tx values.
+     * @param[out] countP
+     *                 Out parameter to receive the array's size.
+     */
+    virtual void getPermittedTxPowerValues(const int8_t **valueArrayPP, size_t *countP) {
+        /* Avoid compiler warnings about unused variables. */
+        (void)valueArrayPP;
+        (void)countP;
+
+        *countP = 0; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the maximum size of the whitelist.
+     *
+     * @return Maximum size of the whitelist.
+     *
+     * @note If using mbed OS the size of the whitelist can be configured by
+     *       setting the YOTTA_CFG_WHITELIST_MAX_SIZE macro in your yotta
+     *       config file.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual uint8_t getMaxWhitelistSize(void) const
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the internal whitelist to be used by the Link Layer when scanning,
+     * advertising or initiating a connection depending on the filter policies.
+     *
+     * @param[in,out]   whitelist
+     *                  (on input) whitelist.capacity contains the maximum number
+     *                  of addresses to be returned.
+     *                  (on output) The populated whitelist with copies of the
+     *                  addresses in the implementation's whitelist.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the implementation's whitelist was successfully
+     *         copied into the supplied reference.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t getWhitelist(Whitelist_t &whitelist) const
+    {
+        (void) whitelist;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the internal whitelist to be used by the Link Layer when scanning,
+     * advertising or initiating a connection depending on the filter policies.
+     *
+     * @param[in]     whitelist
+     *                  A reference to a whitelist containing the addresses to
+     *                  be added to the internal whitelist.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the implementation's whitelist was successfully
+     *         populated with the addresses in the given whitelist.
+     *
+     * @note The whitelist must not contain addresses of type @ref
+     *       BLEProtocol::AddressType_t::RANDOM_PRIVATE_NON_RESOLVABLE, this
+     *       this will result in a @ref BLE_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM since the
+     *       remote peer might change its private address at any time and it
+     *       is not possible to resolve it.
+     * @note If the input whitelist is larger than @ref getMaxWhitelistSize()
+     *       the @ref BLE_ERROR_PARAM_OUT_OF_RANGE is returned.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setWhitelist(const Whitelist_t &whitelist)
+    {
+        (void) whitelist;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the advertising policy filter mode to be used in the next call
+     * to startAdvertising().
+     *
+     * @param[in] mode
+     *              The new advertising policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the specified policy filter mode was set
+     *         successfully.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setAdvertisingPolicyMode(AdvertisingPolicyMode_t mode)
+    {
+        (void) mode;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the scan policy filter mode to be used in the next call
+     * to startScan().
+     *
+     * @param[in] mode
+     *              The new scan policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the specified policy filter mode was set
+     *         successfully.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setScanningPolicyMode(ScanningPolicyMode_t mode)
+    {
+        (void) mode;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the initiator policy filter mode to be used.
+     *
+     * @param[in] mode
+     *              The new initiator policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the specified policy filter mode was set
+     *         successfully.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setInitiatorPolicyMode(InitiatorPolicyMode_t mode)
+    {
+        (void) mode;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the advertising policy filter mode that will be used in the next
+     * call to startAdvertising().
+     *
+     * @return The set advertising policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual AdvertisingPolicyMode_t getAdvertisingPolicyMode(void) const
+    {
+        return ADV_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the scan policy filter mode that will be used in the next
+     * call to startScan().
+     *
+     * @return The set scan policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual ScanningPolicyMode_t getScanningPolicyMode(void) const
+    {
+        return SCAN_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the initiator policy filter mode that will be used.
+     *
+     * @return The set scan policy filter mode.
+     *
+     * @experimental
+     */
+    virtual InitiatorPolicyMode_t getInitiatorPolicyMode(void) const
+    {
+        return INIT_POLICY_IGNORE_WHITELIST;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    /* Override the following in the underlying adaptation layer to provide the functionality of scanning. */
+
+    /**
+     * Start scanning procedure in the underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @param[in] scanningParams
+     *              The GAP scanning parameters.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the scan procedure started successfully.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t startRadioScan(const GapScanningParams &scanningParams) {
+        (void)scanningParams;
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * APIs with non-virtual implementations.
+     */
+public:
+    /**
+     * Get the current GAP state of the device using a bitmask that
+     * describes whether the device is advertising or connected.
+     *
+     * @return The current GAP state of the device.
+     */
+    GapState_t getState(void) const {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the GAP advertising mode to use for this device.
+     *
+     * @param[in] advType
+     *              The new type of the advertising packets.
+     */
+    void setAdvertisingType(GapAdvertisingParams::AdvertisingType_t advType) {
+        _advParams.setAdvertisingType(advType);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the advertising interval.
+     *
+     * @param[in] interval
+     *              Advertising interval in units of milliseconds. Advertising
+     *              is disabled if interval is 0. If interval is smaller than
+     *              the minimum supported value, then the minimum supported
+     *              value is used instead. This minimum value can be discovered
+     *              using getMinAdvertisingInterval().
+     *
+     *              This field must be set to 0 if connectionMode is equal
+     *              to ADV_CONNECTABLE_DIRECTED.
+     *
+     * @note  Decreasing this value will allow central devices to detect a
+     *        peripheral faster, at the expense of more power being used by the radio
+     *        due to the higher data transmit rate.
+     *
+     * @note  [WARNING] This API previously used 0.625ms as the unit for its
+     *        @p interval argument. That required an explicit conversion from
+     *        milliseconds using Gap::MSEC_TO_GAP_DURATION_UNITS(). This conversion is
+     *        no longer required as the new units are milliseconds. Any application
+     *        code depending on the old semantics needs to be updated accordingly.
+     */
+    void setAdvertisingInterval(uint16_t interval) {
+        if (interval == 0) {
+            stopAdvertising();
+        } else if (interval < getMinAdvertisingInterval()) {
+            interval = getMinAdvertisingInterval();
+        }
+        _advParams.setInterval(interval);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the advertising timeout. The length of time to advertise for before
+     * a timeout event is generated.
+     *
+     * @param[in] timeout
+     *              Advertising timeout (in seconds) between 0x1 and 0x3FFF (1
+     *              and 16383). Use 0 to disable the advertising timeout.
+     */
+    void setAdvertisingTimeout(uint16_t timeout) {
+        _advParams.setTimeout(timeout);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start advertising.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device started advertising successfully.
+     */
+    ble_error_t startAdvertising(void) {
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = startAdvertising(_advParams)) == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            state.advertising = 1;
+        }
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset any advertising payload prepared from prior calls to
+     * accumulateAdvertisingPayload(). This automatically propagates the re-
+     * initialized advertising payload to the underlying stack.
+     */
+    void clearAdvertisingPayload(void) {
+        _advPayload.clear();
+        setAdvertisingData(_advPayload, _scanResponse);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Accumulate an AD structure in the advertising payload. Please note that
+     * the payload is limited to 31 bytes. The SCAN_RESPONSE message may be used
+     * as an additional 31 bytes if the advertising payload is too
+     * small.
+     *
+     * @param[in] flags
+     *              The flags to be added. Please refer to
+     *              GapAdvertisingData::Flags for valid flags. Multiple
+     *              flags may be specified in combination.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the data was successfully added to the
+     *         advertising payload.
+     */
+    ble_error_t accumulateAdvertisingPayload(uint8_t flags) {
+        GapAdvertisingData advPayloadCopy = _advPayload;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = advPayloadCopy.addFlags(flags)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(advPayloadCopy, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = advPayloadCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Accumulate an AD structure in the advertising payload. Please note that
+     * the payload is limited to 31 bytes. The SCAN_RESPONSE message may be used
+     * as an additional 31 bytes if the advertising payload is too
+     * small.
+     *
+     * @param[in]  app
+     *              The appearance of the peripheral.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the data was successfully added to the
+     *         advertising payload.
+     */
+    ble_error_t accumulateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::Appearance app) {
+        GapAdvertisingData advPayloadCopy = _advPayload;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = advPayloadCopy.addAppearance(app)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(advPayloadCopy, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = advPayloadCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Accumulate an AD structure in the advertising payload. Please note that
+     * the payload is limited to 31 bytes. The SCAN_RESPONSE message may be used
+     * as an additional 31 bytes if the advertising payload is too
+     * small.
+     *
+     * @param[in]  power
+     *              The max transmit power to be used by the controller (in dBm).
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the data was successfully added to the
+     *         advertising payload.
+     */
+    ble_error_t accumulateAdvertisingPayloadTxPower(int8_t power) {
+        GapAdvertisingData advPayloadCopy = _advPayload;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = advPayloadCopy.addTxPower(power)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(advPayloadCopy, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = advPayloadCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Accumulate a variable length byte-stream as an AD structure in the
+     * advertising payload. Please note that the payload is limited to 31 bytes.
+     * The SCAN_RESPONSE message may be used as an additional 31 bytes if the
+     * advertising payload is too small.
+     *
+     * @param[in]  type
+     *              The type describing the variable length data.
+     * @param[in]  data
+     *              Data bytes.
+     * @param[in]  len
+     *              Length of data.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the advertisement payload was updated based on
+     *         matching AD type; otherwise, an appropriate error.
+     *
+     * @note When the specified AD type is INCOMPLETE_LIST_16BIT_SERVICE_IDS,
+     *       COMPLETE_LIST_16BIT_SERVICE_IDS, INCOMPLETE_LIST_32BIT_SERVICE_IDS,
+     *       COMPLETE_LIST_32BIT_SERVICE_IDS, INCOMPLETE_LIST_128BIT_SERVICE_IDS,
+     *       COMPLETE_LIST_128BIT_SERVICE_IDS or LIST_128BIT_SOLICITATION_IDS the
+     *       supplied value is appended to the values previously added to the
+     *       payload.
+     */
+    ble_error_t accumulateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::DataType type, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t len) {
+        GapAdvertisingData advPayloadCopy = _advPayload;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = advPayloadCopy.addData(type, data, len)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(advPayloadCopy, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = advPayloadCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update a particular ADV field in the advertising payload (based on
+     * matching type).
+     *
+     * @param[in] type
+     *              The ADV type field describing the variable length data.
+     * @param[in] data
+     *              Data bytes.
+     * @param[in] len
+     *              Length of data.
+     *
+     * @note  If advertisements are enabled, then the update will take effect immediately.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the advertisement payload was updated based on
+     *         matching AD type; otherwise, an appropriate error.
+     */
+    ble_error_t updateAdvertisingPayload(GapAdvertisingData::DataType type, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t len) {
+        GapAdvertisingData advPayloadCopy = _advPayload;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = advPayloadCopy.updateData(type, data, len)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(advPayloadCopy, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = advPayloadCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up a particular, user-constructed advertisement payload for the
+     * underlying stack. It would be uncommon for this API to be used directly;
+     * there are other APIs to build an advertisement payload (refer to
+     * Gap::accumulateAdvertisingPayload()).
+     *
+     * @param[in]   payload
+     *                  A reference to a user constructed advertisement
+     *                  payload.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the advertisement payload was successfully
+     *         set.
+     */
+    ble_error_t setAdvertisingPayload(const GapAdvertisingData &payload) {
+        ble_error_t rc = setAdvertisingData(payload, _scanResponse);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _advPayload = payload;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a reference to the advertising payload.
+     *
+     * @return  Read back advertising data.
+     *
+     * @note Useful for storing and restoring payload.
+     */
+    const GapAdvertisingData &getAdvertisingPayload(void) const {
+        return _advPayload;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Accumulate a variable length byte-stream as an AD structure in the
+     * scanResponse payload.
+     *
+     * @param[in] type
+     *              The type describing the variable length data.
+     * @param[in] data
+     *              Data bytes.
+     * @param[in] len
+     *              Length of data.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the data was successfully added to the scan
+     *         response payload.
+     */
+    ble_error_t accumulateScanResponse(GapAdvertisingData::DataType type, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t len) {
+        GapAdvertisingData scanResponseCopy = _scanResponse;
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = scanResponseCopy.addData(type, data, len)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        rc = setAdvertisingData(_advPayload, scanResponseCopy);
+        if (rc == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            _scanResponse = scanResponseCopy;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset any scan response prepared from prior calls to
+     * Gap::accumulateScanResponse().
+     *
+     * @note This should be followed by a call to Gap::setAdvertisingPayload() or
+     *       Gap::startAdvertising() before the update takes effect.
+     */
+    void clearScanResponse(void) {
+        _scanResponse.clear();
+        setAdvertisingData(_advPayload, _scanResponse);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up parameters for GAP scanning (observer mode).
+     *
+     * @param[in] interval
+     *              Scan interval (in milliseconds) [valid values lie between 2.5ms and 10.24s].
+     * @param[in] window
+     *              Scan Window (in milliseconds) [valid values lie between 2.5ms and 10.24s].
+     * @param[in] timeout
+     *              Scan timeout (in seconds) between 0x0001 and 0xFFFF; 0x0000 disables the timeout.
+     * @param[in] activeScanning
+     *              Set to True if active-scanning is required. This is used to fetch the
+     *              scan response from a peer if possible.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the scan parameters were correctly set.
+     *
+     * @note The scanning window divided by the interval determines the duty cycle for
+     *       scanning. For example, if the interval is 100ms and the window is 10ms,
+     *       then the controller will scan for 10 percent of the time. It is possible
+     *       to have the interval and window set to the same value. In this case,
+     *       scanning is continuous, with a change of scanning frequency once every
+     *       interval.
+     *
+     * @note Once the scanning parameters have been configured, scanning can be
+     *       enabled by using startScan().
+     *
+     * @note  The scan interval and window are recommendations to the BLE stack.
+     */
+    ble_error_t setScanParams(uint16_t interval       = GapScanningParams::SCAN_INTERVAL_MAX,
+                              uint16_t window         = GapScanningParams::SCAN_WINDOW_MAX,
+                              uint16_t timeout        = 0,
+                              bool     activeScanning = false) {
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if (((rc = _scanningParams.setInterval(interval)) == BLE_ERROR_NONE) &&
+            ((rc = _scanningParams.setWindow(window))     == BLE_ERROR_NONE) &&
+            ((rc = _scanningParams.setTimeout(timeout))   == BLE_ERROR_NONE)) {
+            _scanningParams.setActiveScanning(activeScanning);
+            return BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+        }
+
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up the scanInterval parameter for GAP scanning (observer mode).
+     *
+     * @param[in] interval
+     *              Scan interval (in milliseconds) [valid values lie between 2.5ms and 10.24s].
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the scan interval was correctly set.
+     *
+     * @note The scanning window divided by the interval determines the duty cycle for
+     *       scanning. For example, if the interval is 100ms and the window is 10ms,
+     *       then the controller will scan for 10 percent of the time. It is possible
+     *       to have the interval and window set to the same value. In this case,
+     *       scanning is continuous, with a change of scanning frequency once every
+     *       interval.
+     *
+     * @note Once the scanning parameters have been configured, scanning can be
+     *       enabled by using startScan().
+     */
+    ble_error_t setScanInterval(uint16_t interval) {
+        return _scanningParams.setInterval(interval);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up the scanWindow parameter for GAP scanning (observer mode).
+     *
+     * @param[in] window
+     *              Scan Window (in milliseconds) [valid values lie between 2.5ms and 10.24s].
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the scan window was correctly set.
+     *
+     * @note The scanning window divided by the interval determines the duty cycle for
+     *       scanning. For example, if the interval is 100ms and the window is 10ms,
+     *       then the controller will scan for 10 percent of the time. It is possible
+     *       to have the interval and window set to the same value. In this case,
+     *       scanning is continuous, with a change of scanning frequency once every
+     *       interval.
+     *
+     * @note Once the scanning parameters have been configured, scanning can be
+     *       enabled by using startScan().
+     *
+     * @note If scanning is already active, the updated value of scanWindow will be
+     *       propagated to the underlying BLE stack.
+     */
+    ble_error_t setScanWindow(uint16_t window) {
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = _scanningParams.setWindow(window)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        /* If scanning is already active, propagate the new setting to the stack. */
+        if (scanningActive) {
+            return startRadioScan(_scanningParams);
+        }
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up parameters for GAP scanning (observer mode).
+     *
+     * @param[in] timeout
+     *              Scan timeout (in seconds) between 0x0001 and 0xFFFF; 0x0000 disables the timeout.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the scan timeout was correctly set.
+     *
+     * @note Once the scanning parameters have been configured, scanning can be
+     *       enabled by using startScan().
+     *
+     * @note If scanning is already active, the updated value of scanTimeout will be
+     *       propagated to the underlying BLE stack.
+     */
+    ble_error_t setScanTimeout(uint16_t timeout) {
+        ble_error_t rc;
+        if ((rc = _scanningParams.setTimeout(timeout)) != BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+
+        /* If scanning is already active, propagate the new settings to the stack. */
+        if (scanningActive) {
+            return startRadioScan(_scanningParams);
+        }
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Modify the active scanning parameter for GAP scanning (observer mode).
+     * This is used to fetch the scan response from a peer if possible.
+     *
+     * @param[in] activeScanning
+     *              Set to True if active-scanning is required.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if active scanning was successfully set.
+     *
+     * @note Once the scanning parameters have been configured, scanning can be
+     *       enabled by using startScan().
+     *
+     * @note If scanning is already in progress, then active-scanning will be enabled
+     *       for the underlying BLE stack.
+     */
+    ble_error_t setActiveScanning(bool activeScanning) {
+        _scanningParams.setActiveScanning(activeScanning);
+
+        /* If scanning is already active, propagate the new settings to the stack. */
+        if (scanningActive) {
+            return startRadioScan(_scanningParams);
+        }
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start scanning (Observer Procedure) based on the parameters currently in
+     * effect.
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+     *              The application-specific callback to be invoked upon
+     *              receiving every advertisement report. This can be passed in
+     *              as NULL, in which case scanning may not be enabled at all.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device successfully started the scan
+     *         procedure.
+     */
+    ble_error_t startScan(void (*callback)(const AdvertisementCallbackParams_t *params)) {
+        ble_error_t err = BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+        if (callback) {
+            if ((err = startRadioScan(_scanningParams)) == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+                scanningActive = true;
+                onAdvertisementReport.attach(callback);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Gap::startScan(), but allows the possibility to add an object
+     * reference and member function as handler for advertisement event
+     * callbacks.
+     *
+     * @param[in] object
+     *              Pointer to the object of a class defining the member callback
+     *              function (@p callbackMember).
+     * @param[in] callbackMember
+     *              The member callback (within the context of an object) to be
+     *              invoked.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the device successfully started the scan
+     *         procedure.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    ble_error_t startScan(T *object, void (T::*callbackMember)(const AdvertisementCallbackParams_t *params)) {
+        ble_error_t err = BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+        if (object && callbackMember) {
+            if ((err = startRadioScan(_scanningParams)) == BLE_ERROR_NONE) {
+                scanningActive = true;
+                onAdvertisementReport.attach(object, callbackMember);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initialize radio-notification events to be generated from the stack.
+     * This API doesn't need to be called directly.
+     *
+     * Radio Notification is a feature that enables ACTIVE and INACTIVE
+     * (nACTIVE) signals from the stack that notify the application when the
+     * radio is in use.
+     *
+     * The ACTIVE signal is sent before the radio event starts. The nACTIVE
+     * signal is sent at the end of the radio event. These signals can be used
+     * by the application programmer to synchronize application logic with radio
+     * activity. For example, the ACTIVE signal can be used to shut off external
+     * devices, to manage peak current drawn during periods when the radio is on,
+     * or to trigger sensor data collection for transmission in the Radio Event.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE on successful initialization, otherwise an error code.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t initRadioNotification(void) {
+        return BLE_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* Requesting action from porter(s): override this API if this capability is supported. */
+    }
+
+private:
+    /**
+     * Functionality that is BLE stack-dependent and must be implemented by the
+     * ported. This is a helper function to set the advertising data in the
+     * BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @param[in] advData
+     *              The new advertising data.
+     * @param[in] scanResponse
+     *              The new scan response data.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the advertising data was set successfully.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t setAdvertisingData(const GapAdvertisingData &advData, const GapAdvertisingData &scanResponse) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Functionality that is BLE stack-dependent and must be implemented by the
+     * ported. This is a helper function to start the advertising procedure in
+     * the underlying BLE stack.
+     *
+     * @param[in]
+     *              The advertising parameters.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE if the advertising procedure was successfully
+     *         started.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t startAdvertising(const GapAdvertisingParams &) = 0;
+
+public:
+    /**
+     * Accessor to read back currently active advertising parameters.
+     *
+     * @return A reference to the current advertising parameters.
+     */
+    GapAdvertisingParams &getAdvertisingParams(void) {
+        return _advParams;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A const alternative to Gap::getAdvertisingParams().
+     *
+     * @return A const reference to the current advertising parameters.
+     */
+    const GapAdvertisingParams &getAdvertisingParams(void) const {
+        return _advParams;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up a particular, user-constructed set of advertisement parameters for
+     * the underlying stack. It would be uncommon for this API to be used
+     * directly; there are other APIs to tweak advertisement parameters
+     * individually.
+     *
+     * @param[in]   newParams
+     *                  The new advertising parameters.
+     */
+    void setAdvertisingParams(const GapAdvertisingParams &newParams) {
+        _advParams = newParams;
+    }
+
+    /* Event callback handlers. */
+public:
+    /**
+     * Set up a callback for timeout events. Refer to TimeoutSource_t for
+     * possible event types.
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+     *              Event handler being registered.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onTimeout().detach(callback).
+     */
+    void onTimeout(TimeoutEventCallback_t callback) {
+        timeoutCallbackChain.add(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Provide access to the callchain of timeout event callbacks.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to register callbacks using onTimeout().add(callback).
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onTimeout().detach(callback).
+     *
+     * @return A reference to the timeout event callbacks chain.
+     */
+    TimeoutEventCallbackChain_t& onTimeout() {
+        return timeoutCallbackChain;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Append to a chain of callbacks to be invoked upon GAP connection.
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+     *              Event handler being registered.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onConnection().detach(callback)
+     */
+    void onConnection(ConnectionEventCallback_t callback) {
+        connectionCallChain.add(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Gap::onConnection(), but allows the possibility to add an object
+     * reference and member function as handler for connection event
+     * callbacks.
+     *
+     * @param[in] tptr
+     *              Pointer to the object of a class defining the member callback
+     *              function (@p mptr).
+     * @param[in] mptr
+     *              The member callback (within the context of an object) to be
+     *              invoked.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    void onConnection(T *tptr, void (T::*mptr)(const ConnectionCallbackParams_t*)) {
+        connectionCallChain.add(tptr, mptr);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Provide access to the callchain of connection event callbacks.
+     *
+     * @return A reference to the connection event callbacks chain.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to register callbacks using onConnection().add(callback).
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onConnection().detach(callback).
+     */
+    ConnectionEventCallbackChain_t& onConnection() {
+        return connectionCallChain;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Append to a chain of callbacks to be invoked upon GAP disconnection.
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+                    Event handler being registered.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onDisconnection().detach(callback).
+     */
+    void onDisconnection(DisconnectionEventCallback_t callback) {
+        disconnectionCallChain.add(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Gap::onDisconnection(), but allows the possibility to add an object
+     * reference and member function as handler for disconnection event
+     * callbacks.
+     *
+     * @param[in] tptr
+     *              Pointer to the object of a class defining the member callback
+     *              function (@p mptr).
+     * @param[in] mptr
+     *              The member callback (within the context of an object) to be
+     *              invoked.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    void onDisconnection(T *tptr, void (T::*mptr)(const DisconnectionCallbackParams_t*)) {
+        disconnectionCallChain.add(tptr, mptr);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Provide access to the callchain of disconnection event callbacks.
+     *
+     * @return A reference to the disconnection event callback chain.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to register callbacks using onDisconnection().add(callback).
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onDisconnection().detach(callback).
+     */
+    DisconnectionEventCallbackChain_t& onDisconnection() {
+        return disconnectionCallChain;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the application callback for radio-notification events.
+     *
+     * Radio Notification is a feature that enables ACTIVE and INACTIVE
+     * (nACTIVE) signals from the stack that notify the application when the
+     * radio is in use.
+     *
+     * The ACTIVE signal is sent before the radio event starts. The nACTIVE
+     * signal is sent at the end of the radio event. These signals can be used
+     * by the application programmer to synchronize application logic with radio
+     * activity. For example, the ACTIVE signal can be used to shut off external
+     * devices, to manage peak current drawn during periods when the radio is on,
+     * or to trigger sensor data collection for transmission in the Radio Event.
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+     *              The application handler to be invoked in response to a radio
+     *              ACTIVE/INACTIVE event.
+     */
+    void onRadioNotification(void (*callback)(bool param)) {
+        radioNotificationCallback.attach(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Gap::onRadioNotification(), but allows the posibility to
+     * register an object reference and member function as handler for radio
+     * notification events.
+     *
+     * @param[in] tptr
+     *              Pointer to the object of a class defining the member callback
+     *              function (@p mptr).
+     * @param[in] mptr
+     *              The member callback (within the context of an object) to be
+     *              invoked in response to a radio ACTIVE/INACTIVE event.
+     */
+    template <typename T>
+    void onRadioNotification(T *tptr, void (T::*mptr)(bool)) {
+        radioNotificationCallback.attach(tptr, mptr);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Setup a callback to be invoked to notify the user application that the
+     * Gap instance is about to shutdown (possibly as a result of a call
+     * to BLE::shutdown()).
+     *
+     * @param[in] callback
+     *              The handler that is being registered to be notified of
+     *              shutdown events.
+     *
+     * @note  It is possible to chain together multiple onShutdown callbacks
+     * (potentially from different modules of an application) to be notified
+     * before the Gap instance is shutdown.
+     *
+     * @note  It is also possible to set up a callback into a member function of
+     * some object.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister a callback using onShutdown().detach(callback)
+     */
+    void onShutdown(const GapShutdownCallback_t& callback) {
+        shutdownCallChain.add(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Gap::onShutdown(), but allows the posibility to
+     * register an object reference and member function as handler for shutdown
+     * events.
+     *
+     * @param[in] objPtr
+     *              Pointer to the object of a class defining the member callback
+     *              function (@p memberPtr).
+     * @param[in] memberPtr
+     *              The member callback (within the context of an object) to be
+     *              invoked in response to a shutdown event.
+     */
+    template <typename T>
+    void onShutdown(T *objPtr, void (T::*memberPtr)(const Gap *)) {
+        shutdownCallChain.add(objPtr, memberPtr);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Provide access to the callchain of shutdown event callbacks.
+     *
+     * @return A reference to the shutdown event callback chain.
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to register callbacks using onShutdown().add(callback).
+     *
+     * @note It is possible to unregister callbacks using onShutdown().detach(callback).
+     */
+    GapShutdownCallbackChain_t& onShutdown() {
+        return shutdownCallChain;
+    }
+
+public:
+    /**
+     * Notify all registered onShutdown callbacks that the Gap instance is
+     * about to be shutdown and clear all Gap state of the
+     * associated object.
+     *
+     * This function is meant to be overridden in the platform-specific
+     * sub-class. Nevertheless, the sub-class is only expected to reset its
+     * state and not the data held in Gap members. This shall be achieved by a
+     * call to Gap::reset() from the sub-class' reset() implementation.
+     *
+     * @return BLE_ERROR_NONE on success.
+     *
+     * @note  Currently a call to reset() does not reset the advertising and
+     * scan parameters to default values.
+     */
+    virtual ble_error_t reset(void) {
+        /* Notify that the instance is about to shutdown */
+        shutdownCallChain.call(this);
+        shutdownCallChain.clear();
+
+        /* Clear Gap state */
+        state.advertising = 0;
+        state.connected   = 0;
+        connectionCount   = 0;
+
+        /* Clear scanning state */
+        scanningActive = false;
+
+        /* Clear advertising and scanning data */
+        _advPayload.clear();
+        _scanResponse.clear();
+
+        /* Clear callbacks */
+        timeoutCallbackChain.clear();
+        connectionCallChain.clear();
+        disconnectionCallChain.clear();
+        radioNotificationCallback = NULL;
+        onAdvertisementReport     = NULL;
+
+        return BLE_ERROR_NONE;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    /**
+     * Construct a Gap instance.
+     */
+    Gap() :
+        _advParams(),
+        _advPayload(),
+        _scanningParams(),
+        _scanResponse(),
+        connectionCount(0),
+        state(),
+        scanningActive(false),
+        timeoutCallbackChain(),
+        radioNotificationCallback(),
+        onAdvertisementReport(),
+        connectionCallChain(),
+        disconnectionCallChain() {
+        _advPayload.clear();
+        _scanResponse.clear();
+    }
+
+    /* Entry points for the underlying stack to report events back to the user. */
+public:
+    /**
+     * Helper function that notifies all registered handlers of an occurrence
+     * of a connection event. This function is meant to be called from the
+     * BLE stack specific implementation when a connection event occurs.
+     *
+     * @param[in] handle
+     *              The ID of the connection that generated the event.
+     * @param[in] role
+     *              The role of this BLE device in the connection.
+     * @param[in] peerAddrType
+     *              The peer's BLE address type.
+     * @param[in] peerAddr
+     *              The peer's BLE address.
+     * @param[in] ownAddrType
+     *              This device's BLE address type.
+     * @param[in] ownAddr
+     *              This device's BLE address.
+     * @param[in] connectionParams
+     *              The parameters configured for this connection.
+     */
+    void processConnectionEvent(Handle_t                           handle,
+                                Role_t                             role,
+                                BLEProtocol::AddressType_t         peerAddrType,
+                                const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t  peerAddr,
+                                BLEProtocol::AddressType_t         ownAddrType,
+                                const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t  ownAddr,
+                                const ConnectionParams_t          *connectionParams) {
+        /* Update Gap state */
+        state.advertising = 0;
+        state.connected   = 1;
+        ++connectionCount;
+
+        ConnectionCallbackParams_t callbackParams(handle, role, peerAddrType, peerAddr, ownAddrType, ownAddr, connectionParams);
+        connectionCallChain.call(&callbackParams);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function that notifies all registered handlers of an occurrence
+     * of a disconnection event. This function is meant to be called from the
+     * BLE stack specific implementation when a disconnection event occurs.
+     *
+     * @param[in] handle
+     *              The ID of the connection that generated the event.
+     * @param[in] reason
+     *              The reason for disconnection.
+     */
+    void processDisconnectionEvent(Handle_t handle, DisconnectionReason_t reason) {
+        /* Update Gap state */
+        --connectionCount;
+        if (!connectionCount) {
+            state.connected = 0;
+        }
+
+        DisconnectionCallbackParams_t callbackParams(handle, reason);
+        disconnectionCallChain.call(&callbackParams);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function that notifies the registered handler of a scanned
+     * advertisement packet. This function is meant to be called from the
+     * BLE stack specific implementation when a such event occurs.
+     *
+     * @param[in] peerAddr
+     *              The peer's BLE address.
+     * @param[in] rssi
+     *              The advertisement packet RSSI value.
+     * @param[in] isScanReponse
+     *              Whether this packet is the response to a scan request.
+     * @param[in] type
+     *              The type of advertisement.
+     * @param[in] advertisingDataLen
+     *              Length of the advertisement data.
+     * @param[in] advertisingData
+     *              Pointer to the advertisement packet's data.
+     */
+    void processAdvertisementReport(const BLEProtocol::AddressBytes_t        peerAddr,
+                                    int8_t                                   rssi,
+                                    bool                                     isScanResponse,
+                                    GapAdvertisingParams::AdvertisingType_t  type,
+                                    uint8_t                                  advertisingDataLen,
+                                    const uint8_t                           *advertisingData) {
+        AdvertisementCallbackParams_t params;
+        memcpy(params.peerAddr, peerAddr, ADDR_LEN);
+        params.rssi               = rssi;
+        params.isScanResponse     = isScanResponse;
+        params.type               = type;
+        params.advertisingDataLen = advertisingDataLen;
+        params.advertisingData    = advertisingData;
+        onAdvertisementReport.call(&params);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function that notifies all registered handlers of an occurrence
+     * of a timeout event. This function is meant to be called from the
+     * BLE stack specific implementation when a timeout event occurs.
+     *
+     * @param[in] source
+     *              The source of the timout event.
+     */
+    void processTimeoutEvent(TimeoutSource_t source) {
+        if (source == TIMEOUT_SRC_ADVERTISING) {
+            /* Update gap state if the source is an advertising timeout */
+            state.advertising = 0;
+        }
+        if (timeoutCallbackChain) {
+            timeoutCallbackChain(source);
+        }
+    }
+
+protected:
+    /**
+     * Currently set advertising parameters.
+     */
+    GapAdvertisingParams             _advParams;
+    /**
+     * Currently set advertising data.
+     */
+    GapAdvertisingData               _advPayload;
+    /**
+     * Currently set scanning parameters.
+     */
+    GapScanningParams                _scanningParams;
+    /**
+     * Currently set scan response data.
+     */
+    GapAdvertisingData               _scanResponse;
+
+    /**
+     * Total number of open connections.
+     */
+    uint8_t                          connectionCount;
+    /**
+     * The current GAP state.
+     */
+    GapState_t                       state;
+    /**
+     * Whether active scanning is set. This is used to fetch the scan response
+     * from a peer if possible.
+     */
+    bool                             scanningActive;
+
+protected:
+    /**
+     * Callchain containing all registered callback handlers for timeout
+     * events.
+     */
+    TimeoutEventCallbackChain_t       timeoutCallbackChain;
+    /**
+     * The registered callback handler for radio notification events.
+     */
+    RadioNotificationEventCallback_t  radioNotificationCallback;
+    /**
+     * The registered callback handler for scanned advertisement packet
+     * notifications.
+     */
+    AdvertisementReportCallback_t     onAdvertisementReport;
+    /**
+     * Callchain containing all registered callback handlers for connection
+     * events.
+     */
+    ConnectionEventCallbackChain_t    connectionCallChain;
+    /**
+     * Callchain containing all registered callback handlers for disconnection
+     * events.
+     */
+    DisconnectionEventCallbackChain_t disconnectionCallChain;
+
+private:
+    /**
+     * Callchain containing all registered callback handlers for shutdown
+     * events.
+     */
+    GapShutdownCallbackChain_t shutdownCallChain;
+
+private:
+    /* Disallow copy and assignment. */
+    Gap(const Gap &);
+    Gap& operator=(const Gap &);
+};
+
+#endif // ifndef __GAP_H__