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N5110.cpp
00001 #include "mbed.h" 00002 #include "N5110.h" 00003 00004 // overloaded constructor includes power pin - LCD Vcc connected to GPIO pin 00005 // this constructor works fine with LPC1768 - enough current sourced from GPIO 00006 // to power LCD. Doesn't work well with K64F. 00007 N5110::N5110(PinName const pwrPin, 00008 PinName const scePin, 00009 PinName const rstPin, 00010 PinName const dcPin, 00011 PinName const mosiPin, 00012 PinName const sclkPin, 00013 PinName const ledPin) 00014 : 00015 _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise 00016 _led(new DigitalOut(ledPin)), 00017 _pwr(new DigitalOut(pwrPin)), 00018 _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)), 00019 _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)), 00020 _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin)) 00021 {} 00022 00023 // overloaded constructor does not include power pin - LCD Vcc must be tied to +3V3 00024 // Best to use this with K64F as the GPIO hasn't sufficient output current to reliably 00025 // drive the LCD. 00026 N5110::N5110(PinName const scePin, 00027 PinName const rstPin, 00028 PinName const dcPin, 00029 PinName const mosiPin, 00030 PinName const sclkPin, 00031 PinName const ledPin) 00032 : 00033 _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise 00034 _led(new DigitalOut(ledPin)), 00035 _pwr(NULL), // pwr not needed so null it to be safe 00036 _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)), 00037 _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)), 00038 _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin)) 00039 {} 00040 // Second overload contructor uses the New Gamepad (Rev 2.1) pin mappings 00041 N5110::N5110() 00042 : 00043 _spi(new SPI(PTD2,NC,PTD1)), // create new SPI instance and initialise 00044 _led(new DigitalOut(PTB23)), 00045 _pwr(NULL), // pwr not needed so null it to be safe 00046 _sce(new DigitalOut(PTB19)), 00047 _rst(new DigitalOut(PTC1)), 00048 _dc(new DigitalOut(PTB18)) 00049 {} 00050 00051 N5110::~N5110() 00052 { 00053 delete _spi; 00054 00055 if(_pwr) { 00056 delete _pwr; 00057 } 00058 00059 delete _led; 00060 delete _sce; 00061 delete _rst; 00062 delete _dc; 00063 } 00064 00065 // initialise function - powers up and sends the initialisation commands 00066 void N5110::init() 00067 { 00068 turnOn(); // power up 00069 reset(); // reset LCD - must be done within 100 ms 00070 initSPI(); 00071 00072 backLightOn(); 00073 setContrast(0.55); // this may need tuning (say 0.4 to 0.6) 00074 setBias(3); // datasheet - 48:1 mux - don't mess with if you don't know what you're doing! (0 to 7) 00075 setTempCoefficient(0); // datasheet - may need increasing (range 0 to 3) at very low temperatures 00076 normalMode(); // normal video mode by default 00077 00078 clearRAM(); // RAM is undefined at power-up so clear to be sure 00079 clear(); // clear buffer 00080 } 00081 00082 // sets normal video mode (black on white) 00083 void N5110::normalMode() 00084 { 00085 sendCommand(0b00100000); // basic instruction 00086 sendCommand(0b00001100); // normal video mode- datasheet 00087 } 00088 00089 // sets normal video mode (white on black) 00090 void N5110::inverseMode() 00091 { 00092 sendCommand(0b00100000); // basic instruction 00093 sendCommand(0b00001101); // inverse video mode - datasheet 00094 } 00095 00096 // function to power up the LCD and backlight - only works when using GPIO to power 00097 void N5110::turnOn() 00098 { 00099 if (_pwr != NULL) { 00100 _pwr->write(1); // apply power 00101 } 00102 } 00103 00104 // function to power down LCD 00105 void N5110::turnOff() 00106 { 00107 clear(); // clear buffer 00108 refresh(); 00109 backLightOff(); // turn backlight off 00110 clearRAM(); // clear RAM to ensure specified current consumption 00111 // send command to ensure we are in basic mode 00112 00113 sendCommand(0b00100000); // basic mode 00114 sendCommand(0b00001000); // clear display 00115 sendCommand(0b00100001); // extended mode 00116 sendCommand(0b00100100); // power down 00117 00118 // if we are powering the LCD using the GPIO then make it low to turn off 00119 if (_pwr != NULL) { 00120 wait_ms(10); // small delay and then turn off the power pin 00121 _pwr->write(0); // turn off power 00122 } 00123 00124 } 00125 00126 // function to change LED backlight brightness 00127 void N5110::backLightOn() 00128 { 00129 _led->write(1); 00130 } 00131 00132 // function to change LED backlight brightness 00133 void N5110::backLightOff() 00134 { 00135 _led->write(0); 00136 } 00137 00138 void N5110::setContrast(float contrast) { 00139 00140 // enforce limits 00141 if (contrast > 1.0f) 00142 contrast = 1.0f; 00143 else if (contrast < 0.0f) 00144 contrast = 0.0; 00145 00146 // convert to char in range 0 to 127 (i.e. 6 bits) 00147 char ic = char(contrast*127.0f); 00148 00149 sendCommand(0b00100001); // extended instruction set 00150 sendCommand(0b10000000 | ic); // set Vop (which controls contrast) 00151 sendCommand(0b00100000); // back to basic instruction set 00152 } 00153 00154 void N5110::setTempCoefficient(char tc) { 00155 00156 // enforce limits 00157 if (tc>3) { 00158 tc=3; 00159 } 00160 00161 // temperature coefficient may need increasing at low temperatures 00162 00163 sendCommand(0b00100001); // extended instruction set 00164 sendCommand(0b00000100 | tc); 00165 sendCommand(0b00100000); // back to basic instruction set 00166 } 00167 00168 void N5110::setBias(char bias) { 00169 00170 // from data sheet 00171 // bias mux rate 00172 // 0 1:100 00173 // 1 1:80 00174 // 2 1:65 00175 // 3 1:48 (default) 00176 // 4 1:40/1:34 00177 // 5 1:24 00178 // 6 1:18/1:16 00179 // 7 1:10/1:9/1:8 00180 00181 // enforce limits 00182 if (bias>7) { 00183 bias=7; 00184 } 00185 00186 sendCommand(0b00100001); // extended mode instruction 00187 sendCommand(0b00010000 | bias); 00188 sendCommand(0b00100000); // end of extended mode instruction 00189 } 00190 00191 // pulse the active low reset line 00192 void N5110::reset() 00193 { 00194 _rst->write(0); // reset the LCD 00195 _rst->write(1); 00196 } 00197 00198 // function to initialise SPI peripheral 00199 void N5110::initSPI() 00200 { 00201 _spi->format(8,1); // 8 bits, Mode 1 - polarity 0, phase 1 - base value of clock is 0, data captured on falling edge/propagated on rising edge 00202 _spi->frequency(4000000); // maximum of screen is 4 MHz 00203 } 00204 00205 // send a command to the display 00206 void N5110::sendCommand(unsigned char command) 00207 { 00208 _dc->write(0); // set DC low for command 00209 _sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame 00210 _spi->write(command); // send command 00211 _dc->write(1); // turn back to data by default 00212 _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte) 00213 } 00214 00215 // send data to the display at the current XY address 00216 // dc is set to 1 (i.e. data) after sending a command and so should 00217 // be the default mode. 00218 void N5110::sendData(unsigned char data) 00219 { 00220 _sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame 00221 _spi->write(data); 00222 _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte) 00223 } 00224 00225 // this function writes 0 to the 504 bytes to clear the RAM 00226 void N5110::clearRAM() 00227 { 00228 _sce->write(0); //set CE low to begin frame 00229 for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT; i++) { // 48 x 84 bits = 504 bytes 00230 _spi->write(0x00); // send 0's 00231 } 00232 _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame 00233 } 00234 00235 // function to set the XY address in RAM for subsequenct data write 00236 void N5110::setXYAddress(unsigned int const x, 00237 unsigned int const y) 00238 { 00239 if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range 00240 sendCommand(0b00100000); // basic instruction 00241 sendCommand(0b10000000 | x); // send addresses to display with relevant mask 00242 sendCommand(0b01000000 | y); 00243 } 00244 } 00245 00246 // These functions are used to set, clear and get the value of pixels in the display 00247 // Pixels are addressed in the range of 0 to 47 (y) and 0 to 83 (x). The refresh() 00248 // function must be called after set and clear in order to update the display 00249 void N5110::setPixel(unsigned int const x, 00250 unsigned int const y, 00251 bool const state) 00252 { 00253 if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range 00254 // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position in the data byte 00255 if(state) buffer[x][y/8] |= (1 << y%8); 00256 else buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8); 00257 } 00258 } 00259 00260 void N5110::clearPixel(unsigned int const x, 00261 unsigned int const y) 00262 { 00263 if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range 00264 // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position (using bit clear) 00265 buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8); 00266 } 00267 } 00268 00269 int N5110::getPixel(unsigned int const x, 00270 unsigned int const y) const 00271 { 00272 if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) { // check within range 00273 // return relevant bank and mask required bit 00274 00275 int pixel = (int) buffer[x][y/8] & (1 << y%8); 00276 00277 if (pixel) 00278 return 1; 00279 else 00280 return 0; 00281 } 00282 00283 return 0; 00284 00285 } 00286 00287 // function to refresh the display 00288 void N5110::refresh() 00289 { 00290 setXYAddress(0,0); // important to set address back to 0,0 before refreshing display 00291 // address auto increments after printing string, so buffer[0][0] will not coincide 00292 // with top-left pixel after priting string 00293 00294 _sce->write(0); //set CE low to begin frame 00295 00296 for(int j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) { // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing 00297 for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) { 00298 _spi->write(buffer[i][j]); // send buffer 00299 } 00300 } 00301 _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame 00302 00303 } 00304 00305 // fills the buffer with random bytes. Can be used to test the display. 00306 // The rand() function isn't seeded so it probably creates the same pattern everytime 00307 void N5110::randomiseBuffer() 00308 { 00309 int i,j; 00310 for(j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) { // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing 00311 for(i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) { 00312 buffer[i][j] = rand()%256; // generate random byte 00313 } 00314 } 00315 00316 } 00317 00318 // function to print 5x7 font 00319 void N5110::printChar(char const c, 00320 unsigned int const x, 00321 unsigned int const y) 00322 { 00323 if (y<BANKS) { // check if printing in range of y banks 00324 00325 for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) { 00326 int pixel_x = x+i; 00327 if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83) 00328 break; 00329 buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(c - 32)*5 + i]; 00330 // array is offset by 32 relative to ASCII, each character is 5 pixels wide 00331 } 00332 } 00333 } 00334 00335 // function to print string at specified position 00336 void N5110::printString(const char *str, 00337 unsigned int const x, 00338 unsigned int const y) 00339 { 00340 if (y<BANKS) { // check if printing in range of y banks 00341 00342 int n = 0 ; // counter for number of characters in string 00343 // loop through string and print character 00344 while(*str) { 00345 00346 // writes the character bitmap data to the buffer, so that 00347 // text and pixels can be displayed at the same time 00348 for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) { 00349 int pixel_x = x+i+n*6; 00350 if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83) 00351 break; 00352 buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(*str - 32)*5 + i]; 00353 } 00354 str++; // go to next character in string 00355 n++; // increment index 00356 } 00357 } 00358 } 00359 00360 // function to clear the screen buffer 00361 void N5110::clear() 00362 { 00363 memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer)); 00364 } 00365 00366 // function to plot array on display 00367 void N5110::plotArray(float const array[]) 00368 { 00369 for (int i=0; i<WIDTH; i++) { // loop through array 00370 // elements are normalised from 0.0 to 1.0, so multiply 00371 // by 47 to convert to pixel range, and subtract from 47 00372 // since top-left is 0,0 in the display geometry 00373 setPixel(i,47 - int(array[i]*47.0f),true); 00374 } 00375 00376 } 00377 00378 // function to draw circle 00379 void N5110:: drawCircle(unsigned int const x0, 00380 unsigned int const y0, 00381 unsigned int const radius, 00382 FillType const fill) 00383 { 00384 // from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm 00385 int x = radius; 00386 int y = 0; 00387 int radiusError = 1-x; 00388 00389 while(x >= y) { 00390 00391 // if transparent, just draw outline 00392 if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) { 00393 setPixel( x + x0, y + y0,true); 00394 setPixel(-x + x0, y + y0,true); 00395 setPixel( y + x0, x + y0,true); 00396 setPixel(-y + x0, x + y0,true); 00397 setPixel(-y + x0, -x + y0,true); 00398 setPixel( y + x0, -x + y0,true); 00399 setPixel( x + x0, -y + y0,true); 00400 setPixel(-x + x0, -y + y0,true); 00401 } else { // drawing filled circle, so draw lines between points at same y value 00402 00403 int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0; // black or white fill 00404 00405 drawLine(x+x0,y+y0,-x+x0,y+y0,type); 00406 drawLine(y+x0,x+y0,-y+x0,x+y0,type); 00407 drawLine(y+x0,-x+y0,-y+x0,-x+y0,type); 00408 drawLine(x+x0,-y+y0,-x+x0,-y+y0,type); 00409 } 00410 00411 y++; 00412 if (radiusError<0) { 00413 radiusError += 2 * y + 1; 00414 } else { 00415 x--; 00416 radiusError += 2 * (y - x) + 1; 00417 } 00418 } 00419 00420 } 00421 00422 void N5110::drawLine(unsigned int const x0, 00423 unsigned int const y0, 00424 unsigned int const x1, 00425 unsigned int const y1, 00426 unsigned int const type) 00427 { 00428 // Note that the ranges can be negative so we have to turn the input values 00429 // into signed integers first 00430 int const y_range = static_cast<int>(y1) - static_cast<int>(y0); 00431 int const x_range = static_cast<int>(x1) - static_cast<int>(x0); 00432 00433 // if dotted line, set step to 2, else step is 1 00434 unsigned int const step = (type==2) ? 2:1; 00435 00436 // make sure we loop over the largest range to get the most pixels on the display 00437 // for instance, if drawing a vertical line (x_range = 0), we need to loop down the y pixels 00438 // or else we'll only end up with 1 pixel in the x column 00439 if ( abs(x_range) > abs(y_range) ) { 00440 00441 // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected 00442 unsigned int const start = x_range > 0 ? x0:x1; 00443 unsigned int const stop = x_range > 0 ? x1:x0; 00444 00445 // loop between x pixels 00446 for (unsigned int x = start; x<= stop ; x+=step) { 00447 // do linear interpolation 00448 int const dx = static_cast<int>(x)-static_cast<int>(x0); 00449 unsigned int const y = y0 + y_range * dx / x_range; 00450 00451 // If the line type is '0', this will clear the pixel 00452 // If it is '1' or '2', the pixel will be set 00453 setPixel(x,y, type); 00454 } 00455 } else { 00456 00457 // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected 00458 unsigned int const start = y_range > 0 ? y0:y1; 00459 unsigned int const stop = y_range > 0 ? y1:y0; 00460 00461 for (unsigned int y = start; y<= stop ; y+=step) { 00462 // do linear interpolation 00463 int const dy = static_cast<int>(y)-static_cast<int>(y0); 00464 unsigned int const x = x0 + x_range * dy / y_range; 00465 00466 // If the line type is '0', this will clear the pixel 00467 // If it is '1' or '2', the pixel will be set 00468 setPixel(x,y, type); 00469 } 00470 } 00471 00472 } 00473 00474 void N5110::drawRect(unsigned int const x0, 00475 unsigned int const y0, 00476 unsigned int const width, 00477 unsigned int const height, 00478 FillType const fill) 00479 { 00480 if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) { // transparent, just outline 00481 drawLine(x0,y0,x0+(width-1),y0,1); // top 00482 drawLine(x0,y0+(height-1),x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1); // bottom 00483 drawLine(x0,y0,x0,y0+(height-1),1); // left 00484 drawLine(x0+(width-1),y0,x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1); // right 00485 } else { // filled rectangle 00486 int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0; // black or white fill 00487 for (int y = y0; y<y0+height; y++) { // loop through rows of rectangle 00488 drawLine(x0,y,x0+(width-1),y,type); // draw line across screen 00489 } 00490 } 00491 } 00492 00493 void N5110::drawSprite(int x0, 00494 int y0, 00495 int nrows, 00496 int ncols, 00497 int *sprite) 00498 { 00499 for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) { 00500 for (int j = 0 ; j < ncols ; j++) { 00501 00502 int pixel = *((sprite+i*ncols)+j); 00503 setPixel(x0+j,y0+i, pixel); 00504 } 00505 } 00506 }
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