mbed-os-examples / Mbed OS nanostack-border-router-mbed5

Nanostack Border Router is a generic mbed border router implementation that provides the 6LoWPAN ND or Thread border router initialization logic.

README.md@21:3754f30e7b69, 2017-06-19 (annotated)

Committer:
mbed_official
Date:
Mon Jun 19 08:00:19 2017 +0100
Revision:
21:3754f30e7b69
Parent:
20:918e62713e63
Child:
22:8740285d8f09
Revert "Enable MLD proxying to upstream (#44)" (#45)



This reverts commit 8cb0b7bea3280a9d3eeea7a5da4b908d5b5fee75.

.

Commit copied from https://github.com/ARMmbed/nanostack-border-router

Who changed what in which revision?

UserRevisionLine numberNew contents of line
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 1 # Nanostack Border Router
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 2
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 3 Nanostack Border Router is a generic mbed border router implementation that provides the 6LoWPAN ND or Thread border router initialization logic.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 5 Border router is a network gateway between a wireless 6LoWPAN mesh network and a backhaul network. It controls and relays traffic between the two networks. In a typical setup, a 6LoWPAN border router is connected to another router in the backhaul network (over Ethernet or a serial line) which in turn forwards traffic to/from the internet or a private company LAN, for instance.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 6
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 7 ![](images/br_role.png)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 8
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 9 ## Structure
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 10
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 11 This application runs on mbed OS and utilizes PHY drivers and Nanostack to form a border router.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 12
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 13 ![](images/structure.png)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 14
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 15 The code layout is organized like this:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 16
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 17 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 18 configs/ Contains example configuration files
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 19 drivers/ Contains PHY drivers
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 20 mbed-os/ Contains mbed OS itself
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 21 source/ Contains the application code
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 22 mbed_app.json Build time configuration file
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 23 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 24
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 25 ## Building
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 26
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 27 1. Clone this repository.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 28 1. Run `mbed deploy`.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 29 1. Select target platform.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 30 1. Select toolchain.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 31 1. Configure.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 32 1. Build.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 33
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 34 For example:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 35
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 36 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 37 $ mbed deploy
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 38
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 39 $ mbed target K64F
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 40 OR
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 41 $ mbed target NUCLEO_F429ZI
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 42
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 43 $ mbed toolchain GCC_ARM
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 44
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 45 $ mbed compile
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 46 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 47
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 48 ## Selecting the target platform
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 49
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 50 The target platform is the hardware on which the border router runs. There are number of target platforms already available for you in the mbed OS 5.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 51
mbed_official 18:704c4307eb78 52 If you wish to write your own target, follow the instructions in [Adding target support to mbed OS 5](https://docs.mbed.com/docs/mbed-os-handbook/en/latest/advanced/porting_guide/).
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 53
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 54 The border router requires backhaul and RF drivers to be provided for Nanostack. The backhaul is either SLIP or Ethernet. Currently, there are drivers for the following backhauls:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 55
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 56 * [K64F Ethernet](https://github.com/ARMmbed/sal-nanostack-driver-k64f-eth)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 57 * [NUCLEO_F429ZI Ethernet](https://github.com/ARMmbed/sal-nanostack-driver-stm32-eth)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 58 * [SLIP driver](https://github.com/ARMmbed/sal-stack-nanostack-slip)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 59
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 60 And following RF drivers:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 61
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 62 * [Atmel AT86RF233](https://github.com/ARMmbed/atmel-rf-driver)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 63 * [Atmel AT86RF212B](https://github.com/ARMmbed/atmel-rf-driver)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 64 * [STM Spirit1](https://github.com/ARMmbed/stm-spirit1-rf-driver)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 65 * [NXP MCR20A](https://github.com/ARMmbed/mcr20a-rf-driver)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 66
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 67 The existing drivers are found in the `drivers/` folder. More drivers can be linked in.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 68
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 69 See [Notes on different hardware](https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbed-os-example-mesh-minimal/blob/master/Hardware.md) to see known combinations that work.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 70
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 71 ## Configuring Nanostack Border Router
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 72
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 73 Applications using Nanostack Border Router need to use a `.json` file for the configuration. The example configurations can be found in the `configs/` folder.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 74
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 75 ### The backhaul configuration options
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 76
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 77 | Field | Description |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 78 |-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 79 | `backhaul-dynamic-bootstrap` | Defines whether the manually configured backhaul prefix and default route are used, or whether they are learnt automatically via the IPv6 neighbor discovery. False means static and true means automatic configuration. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 80 | `backhaul-prefix` | The IPv6 prefix (64 bits) assigned to and advertised on the backhaul interface. Example format: `fd00:1:2::` |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 81 | `backhaul-default-route` | The default route (prefix and prefix length) where packets should be forwarded on the backhaul device, default: `::/0`. Example format: `fd00:a1::/10` |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 82 | `backhaul-next-hop` | The next-hop value for the backhaul default route; should be a link-local address of a neighboring router, default: empty (on-link prefix). Example format: `fe80::1` |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 83
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 84 ### 6LoWPAN ND border router options
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 85
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 86 | Field | Description |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 87 |-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 88 | `security-mode` | The 6LoWPAN mesh network traffic (link layer) can be protected with the Private Shared Key (PSK) security mode, allowed values: `NONE` and `PSK`. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 89 | `psk-key` | A 16-bytes long private shared key to be used when the security mode is PSK. Example format (hexadecimal byte values separated by commas inside brackets): `{0x00, ..., 0x0f}` |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 90 | `multicast-addr` | Multicast forwarding is supported by default. This defines the multicast address to which the border router application forwards multicast packets (on the backhaul and RF interface). Example format: `ff05::5` |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 91 |`ra-router-lifetime`|Defines the router advertisement interval in seconds (default 1024 if left out).|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 92 |`beacon-protocol-id`|Is used to identify beacons. This should not be changed (default 4 if left out).|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 93 |`nanostack.configuration`|Is needed when building the 6LoWPAN ND border router from the Nanostack sources.|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 94
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 95 The `LOWPAN_BORDER_ROUTER` feature is the Nanostack library, which implements the 6LoWPAN ND border router networking stack.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 96
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 97 To learn more about 6LoWPAN and the configuration parameters, read the [6LoWPAN overview] (https://docs.mbed.com/docs/arm-ipv66lowpan-stack/en/latest/quick_start_intro/index.html).
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 98
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 99 See [configs/6lowpan_Atmel_RF.json](configs/6lowpan_Atmel_RF.json) for an example configuration file.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 100
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 101 #### The routing protocol RPL (6LoWPAN ND)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 102
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 103 Nanostack Border Router uses [RPL](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6550) as the routing protocol on the mesh network side (RF interface) when in 6LoWPAN-ND mode. Currently, only the `grounded/non-storing` operation mode is supported.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 104
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 105 Nanostack Border Router offers the following configuration options for RPL:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 106
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 107 | Field | Description |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 108 |-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 109 | rpl-instance-id | The RPL instance ID value that identifies the RPL instance, default: 1 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 110 | rpl-idoublings | RPL Trickle parameter: DIOIntervalDoublings value, default: 12 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 111 | rpl-imin | RPL Trickle parameter: DIOIntervalMin value, default: 9 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 112 | rpl-k | RPL Trickle parameter: the redundacy constant k, default: 10 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 113 | rpl-max-rank-inc | Maximum rank increase value, default: 2048|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 114 | rpl-min-hop-rank-inc | Minimum rank increase value, default: 128 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 115 | rpl-default-lifetime | Default lifetime for the RPL routes, default: 64 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 116 | rpl-lifetime-unit | The value of the unit that describes the lifetime (in seconds), default: 60 |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 117 | rpl-pcs | The number of bits that may be allocated to the path control field. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 118 | rpl-ocp | The Objective Function (OF) to use, values: 1=OF0 (default), 2=MRHOF |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 119
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 120 ### Thread configuration
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 121
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 122 The Thread-specific parameters are listed below.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 123
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 124 | Field | Description |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 125 |-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 126 | `commissioning-dataset-timestamp` | Used for updating the Thread network parameters. The device with the highest value propagates the parameters to the network (in the same Realm-Local scope). |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 127 | `pan-id` | 2-byte Personal Area Network ID. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 128 | `extended-pan-id` | 8-byte value used to identify Thread networks in range. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 129 | `mesh-local-prefix` | ULA prefix used for communication within the Thread network. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 130 | `network-name` | A human-readable name for the network. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 131 | `pskc` | Pre-Shared Key for the Commissioner. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 132 | `pskd` | Pre-Shared Key for the device. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 133 | `thread-master-key` | A key used to derive security material for MAC and MLE protection. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 134 | `nanostack.configuration` | Is needed when building the Thread border router from the Nanostack sources. |
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 135
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 136
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 137 The `THREAD_BORDER_ROUTER` feature is the Nanostack library, which implements the Thread border router networking stack.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 138
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 139 For the Thread Border Router, there are example configuration files for `SLIP` and `ETH` backhaul connectivity:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 140
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 141 * [configs/Thread_Atmel_RF.json](configs/Thread_Atmel_RF.json)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 142 * [configs/Thread_SLIP_Atmel_RF.json](configs/Thread_SLIP_Atmel_RF.json)
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 143
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 144 The [mbedtls_thread_config.h](source/mbedtls_thread_config.h) file configures mbed TLS for Thread use.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 145
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 146 <span class="notes">**Note:** The configuration examples are for testing purposes only; do not use them for production or expose them.</span>
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 147
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 148
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 149 #### Backhaul connectivity
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 150
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 151 The Nanostack border router application can be connected to a backhaul network. This enables you to connect the devices in a 6LoWPAN mesh network to the internet or a private LAN. Currently, the application supports SLIP (IPv6 encapsulation over a serial line) and Ethernet backhaul connectivity.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 152
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 153 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 154 "config": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 155 "backhaul-driver": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 156 "help": "options are ETH, SLIP",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 157 "value": "ETH"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 158 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 159 "backhaul-mac-src": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 160 "help": "Where to get EUI48 address. Options are BOARD, CONFIG",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 161 "value": "BOARD"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 162 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 163 "backhaul-mac": "{0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01}",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 164 "backhaul-dynamic-bootstrap": true,
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 165 "backhaul-prefix": "\"fd00:300::\"",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 166 "backhaul-next-hop": "\"fe80::1\"",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 167 "backhaul-default-route": "\"::/0\"",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 168 .............
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 169 }
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 170 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 171
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 172 You can select your preferred option through the configuration file (field `backhaul-driver` in the `config` section). The value `SLIP` includes the SLIP driver, while the value `ETH` compiles the border router application with Ethernet backhaul support. You can define the MAC address on the backhaul interface manually (field `backhaul-mac-src` value `CONFIG`). Alternatively, you can use the MAC address provided by the development board (field `backhaul-mac-src` value `BOARD`). By default, the backhaul driver is set to `ETH` and the MAC address source is `BOARD`.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 173
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 174 You can also set the backhaul bootstrap mode (field `backhaul-dynamic-bootstrap`). By default, the bootstrap mode is set to true, which means the autonomous mode. With the autonomous mode, the border router learns the prefix information automatically from an IPv6 gateway in the Ethernet/SLIP segment. When the parameter is set to false, it enables you to set up a manual configuration of `backhaul-prefix` and `backhaul-default-route`.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 175
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 176 If you use the static bootstrap mode, you need to configure a default route on the backhaul interface to properly forward packets between the backhaul and the 6LoWPAN mesh network. In addition to this, you need to set a backhaul prefix. The static mode creates a site-local IPv6 network from which packets cannot be routed outside.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 177
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 178 When using the autonomous mode in the 6LoWPAN ND configuration, you can set the `prefix-from-backhaul` option to `true` to use the same backhaul prefix on the mesh network side as well. This allows the mesh nodes to be directly connectable from the outside of the mesh network. In the Thread network, it is enough that `backhaul-dynamic-bootstrap` is set to true.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 179
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 180 For more details on how to set the backhaul prefix and default route, read the [Nanostack Border Router](https://github.com/ARMmbed/nanostack-border-router-private) documentation.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 181
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 182 #### Note on the SLIP backhaul driver
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 183
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 184 If you are using a K64F board, you need to use the UART1 serial line of the board with the SLIP driver. See the `pins` section in the [mbed_app.json](./mbed_app.json) configuration file. To use a different UART line, replace the `SERIAL_TX` and `SERIAL_RX` values with correct TX/RX pin names.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 185
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 186 If you wish to use the hardware flow control, set the configuration field `slip_hw_flow_control` to true. By default, it is set to false. Before using hardware flow control, make sure that the other end of your SLIP interface can handle the flow control.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 187
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 188 For the pin names of your desired UART line, refer to your development board's documentation.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 189
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 190 An example configuration for the SLIP driver:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 191
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 192 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 193 "target_overrides": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 194 "K64F": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 195 "SERIAL_TX": "PTE0",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 196 "SERIAL_RX": "PTE1",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 197 "SERIAL_CTS": "PTE2",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 198 "SERIAL_RTS": "PTE3"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 199 }
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 200 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 201
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 202 ### Switching the RF shield
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 203
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 204 By default, the application uses an Atmel AT86RF233/212B RF driver. You can alternatively use any RF driver provided in the `drivers/` folder or link in your own driver. You can set the configuration for the RF driver in the `json` file.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 205
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 206 To select the Atmel radio shield, use the following:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 207
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 208 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 209 "radio-type":{
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 210 "help": "options are ATMEL, MCR20, SPIRIT1",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 211 "value": "ATMEL"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 212 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 213 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 214
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 215 To select the NXP radio shield, use the following:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 216
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 217 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 218 "radio-type":{
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 219 "help": "options are ATMEL, MCR20, SPIRIT1",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 220 "value": "MCR20"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 221 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 222 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 223
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 224 To select the STM Spirit1 radio shield, use the following:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 225
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 226 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 227 "radio-type":{
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 228 "help": "options are ATMEL, MCR20, SPIRIT1",
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 229 "value": "SPIRIT1"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 230 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 231 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 232
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 233 In case you have choosen the STM Spirit1 Sub-1 GHz RF expansion board [X-NUCLEO-IDS01A4](https://github.com/ARMmbed/stm-spirit1-rf-driver), you need also to configure its MAC address in the `mbed_app.json` file, for example:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 234
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 235 ```json
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 236 "target_overrides": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 237 "*": {
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 238 "spirit1.mac-address": "{0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0xf3, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0xf6, 0xf7}"
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 239 },
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 240 }
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 241 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 242
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 243 <span class="notes">**Not**: This MAC address must be unique within the 6LoWPAN mesh network.</span>
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 244
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 245 After changing the radio shield, you need to recompile the application.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 246
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 247 ## Running the border router application
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 248
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 249 1. Find the binary file `nanostack-border-router.bin` in the `BUILD` folder.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 250 2. Copy the binary to the USB mass storage root of the development board. It is automatically flashed to the target MCU. When the flashing is complete, the board restarts itself. Press the **Reset** button of the development board if it does not restart automatically.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 251 3. The program begins execution.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 252 4. Open the [serial connection](#serial-connection-settings), for example PuTTY.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 253
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 254 ## Serial connection settings
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 255
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 256 Serial connection settings for the Nanorouter are as follows:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 257
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 258 * Baud-rate = 115200
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 259 * Data bits = 8
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 260 * Stop bits = 1
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 261
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 262 If there is no input from the serial terminal, press the **Reset** button of the development board.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 263
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 264 In the PuTTY main screen, save the session and click **Open**. This opens a console window showing debug messages from the application. If the console screen is blank, you may need to press the **Reset** button of the board to see the debug information. The serial output from the 6LoWPAN border router looks something like this in the console:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 265
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 266 ```
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 267 [INFO][app ]: Starting Nanostack border router...
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 268 [INFO][brro]: NET_IPV6_BOOTSTRAP_AUTONOMOUS
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 269 [INFO][app ]: Using ETH backhaul driver...
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 270 [INFO][Eth ]: Ethernet cable is connected.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 271 [INFO][addr]: Tentative Address added to IF 1: fe80::ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 272 [INFO][addr]: DAD passed on IF 1: fe80::ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 273 [INFO][addr]: Tentative Address added to IF 1: 2001:999:21:9ce:ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 274 [INFO][addr]: DAD passed on IF 1: 2001:999:21:9ce:ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 275 [INFO][brro]: Backhaul bootstrap ready, IPv6 = 2001:999:21:9ce:ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 276 [INFO][brro]: Backhaul interface addresses:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 277 [INFO][brro]: [0] fe80::ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 278 [INFO][brro]: [1] 2001:999:21:9ce:ac41:dcff:fe37:72c4
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 279 [INFO][addr]: Address added to IF 0: fe80::ff:fe00:face
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 280 [INFO][br ]: BR nwk base ready for start
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 281 [INFO][br ]: Refresh Contexts
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 282 [INFO][br ]: Refresh Prefixs
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 283 [INFO][addr]: Address added to IF 0: 2001:999:21:9ce:0:ff:fe00:face
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 284 [INFO][addr]: Address added to IF 0: fe80::fec2:3d00:4:a0cd
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 285 [INFO][brro]: RF bootstrap ready, IPv6 = 2001:999:21:9ce:0:ff:fe00:face
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 286 [INFO][brro]: RF interface addresses:
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 287 [INFO][brro]: [0] fe80::ff:fe00:face
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 288 [INFO][brro]: [1] fe80::fec2:3d00:4:a0cd
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 289 [INFO][brro]: [2] 2001:999:21:9ce:0:ff:fe00:face
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 290 [INFO][brro]: 6LoWPAN Border Router Bootstrap Complete.
mbed_official 0:85f4174a8e29 291 ```